高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第三讲推理判断题强化训练.docx
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高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第三讲推理判断题强化训练
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第三讲推理判断题强化训练
（2016·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考）Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter，forcinganimalstomigrate（迁徙）north.
Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.
AccordingtoScienceDaily，anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100，manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar－reachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004，aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008，thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquake.
Withinjustthelastfewmonths，newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint，itdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingit，butrather，whatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smore，ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.
However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。
1．WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?
A．Toarousethereader’sconcern.
B．Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.
C．Tosummarizethewholepassage.
D．Tostatehowclimatechanges.
解析：
选B。
推理判断题。
根据第一段第一句“Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.”可知，最新研究数据表明，世界的气候变化已经严重地影响了社会和环境。
而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。
故选B项。
2．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?
A．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.
B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.
C．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.
D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.
解析：
选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段第三句“Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球正在发生着重大变化。
故选A项。
3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofclimatechanges’effects?
A．Animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.
B．Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.
C．Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandcompletelydisappear.
D．Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.
解析：
选C。
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.”可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项错误；根据第二段第一句“Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.”可知，B项正确；根据第二段最后一句“Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.”可知，A项正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句“Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.”可知，D项正确。
故选C项。
4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A．Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.
B．There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.
C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.
D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.
解析：
选D。
推理判断题。
根据最后一段第一句“However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.”可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。
故选D项。
B
（2016·河南豫北、豫东十所名校联考）
Chooseyourwishlist
It’snormalforanystudent’scollegewishlisttochangethroughouthighschool.Butwhenitcomestimetoapply，manyseniorshaveahardtimenarrowingdowntheirchoices.
There’snohardandfastanswer，butthereareseveralthingsyoucandoandaskyourselftomakethedecisioneasier.Herearethreepiecesofadvicethatmighthelp.
Doyourresearch
Aboveall，it’simportanttofigureoutyourwantsandneeds.Whatdoyouexpectfromyoureducation？
Whatareyouwillingtogiveup?
VeronicaHauad，seniorassociatedirectorofadmissions（录取）attheUniversityofChicagointheUS，saidstudentsshouldstartbytakingtimetofigure_outthosequestions.
“Findthethingthat’smostimportanttoyou，andthenyoucanstartsearchingonthatfactorandsortthingsoutlater，”Hauadsaid.
Don’tfocusonrankings
It’seasytofocustoohardonschoolrankings，butdon’tletthatmakeyourdecisionforyouwhenyou’relookingatcolleges.Inthelongrun，rankingsprobablywon’thaveabigeffectonyoureducation.It’sOKtolookatrankings，butdon’tobsess（过于执着）overthem.Findcollegesthatreallyinterestyou.Iftheyendupbeingonatoplist，thinkofitasanextrapleasure.
Thinkaboutyourfuture
Here’sanimportantquestiontoaskallofthecollegesonyourlist：
Howmanyofyourstudentsfindjobsaftergraduation？
AnIvyLeagueschoolmaylookgoodonanapplication，butwhatwillthecollegedotohelpyoufindajob?
Studentsshouldalsomakesurethey’regoingtocollegefortherightreasons.
UniversityofIllinoissophomore（二年级学生）SteveWangsaidhehasmetstudentswhoaren’tlookingatthebiggerpicture.“Iseealotofstudentswhogotocollegeforthesakeofthecollegeexperience—notforahighereducation.”Wangexplained.“Sopeopleshowupandspendalotoftimeatpartiesandnotreallypayingattentiontoschoolwork.That’snotreallywhatcollegeisfor.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。
作者向那些准备申请大学的高中生提供了三个建议：
一是做好相关调查；二是不要太执着于大学的排名；三是考虑自己的未来。
5．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“figureout”probablymean?
A．Letout. B．Lookout.
C．Makeout.D．Checkout.
解析：
选C。
词义猜测题。
画线短语所在段落的上一段中提到了一些让学生思考的问题，根据逻辑关系可知，VeronicaHauad认为学生应该花些时间弄清楚那些问题，由此可推知，figureout的意思应为“弄清楚”，makeout的意思也为“弄清楚”。
故答案选C。
letout意为“使出来，使（火）熄灭”；lookout意为“小心，注意”；checkout意为“结账离开”，均不符合文意。
6．Whenyouapplytoacollege，youshould________．
A．findoutwhatyoureallywant
B．choosethebestknowncollege
C．considerthethingsyoucando
D．quitachanceforfurtherstudy
解析：
选A。
推理判断题。
根据作者给即将步入大学的高中生所提供的三个建议的内容，尤其是第三段第一句“Aboveall，it’simportanttofigureoutyourwantsandneeds.”可知，高中生在申请大学时一定要做好相关调查，弄清楚自己的真正需求，不要太执着于大学的排名，要为自己的将来考虑，选那些能真正吸引自己的大学。
A项符合题意。
故答案选A。
7．SteveWangspendshismaintimeon________．
A．takingphotosB．schoolwork
C．partiesD．killingtime
解析：
选B。
推理判断题。
在最后一段中，SteveWang认为很多学生来到大学，只是为了有上大学的经历，而不是为了接受更高的教育，持有这种想法的学生会经常参加聚会而不把主要精力放在学业上。
由SteveWang的话可推知，他不赞同这种做法，故他的时间应该主要是花在学业上的。
故答案选B。
8．Whatisthetextmainlyfor?
A．Researchers.B．Educators.
C．Applicants.D．Sophomore.
解析：
选C。
推理判断题。
根据文章前两段内容可知，这篇文章是给那些即将高中毕业、准备申请大学的学生提供的一些建议。
故答案选C。
C
TheothermorningonthesubwayIsatnexttoanattractiveyoungblondewomanwhowasreadingsomethingonheriPad.Shewasverywell－dressed，carryingaPradabagwithtastefullyappliedmake－upindeed，shehadanunmistakableairofwealth，materialsuccessandevenauthority.Isuspectedsheworkedasahighly－paidWallStreetlawyerorstockbrokerorsomethingofthatsort.So，Iwascurioustoseewhatshewassofocusedon.TheWallStreetJournalperhaps？
TheEconomist?
Quitethecontrary；rather，shewasconcentratingonaromancenovel.ThenIrealizedthatIhaveknownmanywomenwholoveromancenovels—smart，attractive，successful，“liberated”，modernfemaleswhononethelessfindsomekindofdeepsatisfactionandthrillfromthosehyper－romantic，artificialandextremelyunrealistictalesofhandsome，manlyheroesfallinginlovewithvirginalwomen，enduringaseriesofadventures，thennodoubthavingahappyending.
These_romance_stories_are_to_literature_what_hot_dogs_are_to_fine_food.Yet，thegenre（体裁）remainsenormouslypopular.ConsidersomeofthesesurprisingstatisticsfromthegoodfolksattheRomanceWritersofAmerica（RWA）：
*Morethan9，000romancetitleswerereleasedlastyear，withsalesofabout$1.44billion（morethantripletherevenuesgeneratedbyclassicliteraryfiction）．
*Morethan90percentofthemarketarewomen（okay，that’snotatallsurprising）．
*Readersaretypicallywomenbetweentheages30and54whoarethemselvesinvolvedinaromanticrelationship（betrayingthestereotypethatonlylonelywomenlongforthesetalesofloveandadventure）．
*Almost40percentofromancebookconsumershaveanannualincomeofbetween$50，000and$99，900（placingthemfirmlyinthemiddleclass）．
Ihadthoughtthatromancenovelsaccountedforaverysmallshareoftheliterarymarket，soIwasquitesurprisedthatthisparthassuchenormouspopularity.ButImustwonderwhysomanywomen—fortyyearsafterthewomen’sliberationmovementcontinuetoindulgeinthefancifultales?
I’mnotsureifitrepresentsakindof“rejection”ofthewomen’sliberationmovement，butclearlysomethingismissinginthelivesofcontemporaryladies.AromanceauthornamedDonnaHatchwhofocusesontheRegencyperiod（early19thcenturyBritain）explainedtheappealofsuchbooksthisway：
“Regencymenwerecivilizedandtreatedwomenwithcourtesy.Whenaladyenteredtheroom，gentlemenstood，doffedtheirhats，offeredanarm，bowed，andahundredotherlittlethingsIwishmenstilldidtoday.Buttheywerealsoveryathletic；theyhunted，raced，boxed，rodehorses.Theyweremanly
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