轮机英语听力会话问答题与口述.docx

轮机英语听力会话问答题与口述.docx

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轮机英语听力会话问答题与口述

轮机英语听力与会话评估三版问答题参考答案

第一章公共英语

1Howlonghaveyoueverworkedonboard?

Ihaveworkedonboardfor2years.

2Whichcertificatedoyouhavenow?

IhavetheFourthEngineer’sCertificate.

3Whatisyourmaritalstatus?

Howmanydepartmentsarethereonboard?

Iammarried.Therearetheredepartmentsonboard:

deckdepartment,enginedepartmentandservicedepartment.

4Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?

Areyoumarried?

Therearetherepeopleinmyfamily.Iamnotmarried.

5.Howmanycountrieshaveyoueverbeento?

IhavebeentomanycountriessuchasJapan,Singapore,America,etc.

6.Whendidyoubegintoworkonboard?

Whatkindofshiphaveyouworkedon?

Ibegantoworkonboardin2000,IhaveworkedonbulkCarriers.

7.Howmanyimportantcanalsarethereallovertheworld?

Therearethree:

thePanamaCanal,SuezCanalandKielCanal.

8.Canyoutellmewhatisthemostimportantthingforaseafarer?

Foraseafarer,themostimportantthingissafety,hissenseofresponsibilityandprofessionalism.

9.Whatkindofmainengineandgeneratorenginehaveyouworkedon?

Oh,severalmodels.Forinstance,mainengine:

SUZERRND68,6700kw;

Generatorengine:

YANMAR6ML-HTS270kwandsoon.

10Whichclassificationsocietyisyourshipregisteredwith?

CCS.（chinaclassificationsociety）

11Haveyouworkedanyshipthatcauseddamageincriticalequipments?

（你工作过的船发生过重大机损吗？

）

No,Ihaven’t.

12Howdoyoumakeyourmaintenanceschedules?

（维护保养计划）

AccordingtotheISMCode,thepreventivemaintenanceplanismadebasedontheship’s“PlannedMaintenanceSystem”andthemachineryrunninghourrecords.（根据ISM规则，预防维护计划是基于船舶的计划保养体系（PMS）和机械运转时间记录来制定的）

13Couldyoulistinternationalconventionsconcerningmarineshipping?

（你能列出有关海运的国际公约吗？

）

TheyareSOLAS74,MARPOL73/78andSTCW78/95,etc.

14CouldyoutelltheusagesoftheSTCWconvention?

（您能谈谈STCW公约的应用情况吗？

）

Yes,itisusedinseafarers’training,certificationandwatchkeeping.

15Whatisthepurposeofclassificationsociety?

Couldyoulistsomeofthem?

Thepurposeistoevaluatetheconditionoftheship,themanagementsystemofshippingcompanyandtoensuresafety.someareCCS,LR,BV（法国）,ABSandsoon.

16Couldyoulistdifferentkindsofship’ssurveys?

Ship’ssurveyincludeannualsurvey,intermediatesurvey,in-docksurvey,

temporarysurveyandspecialsurvey,etc.

17WhatdoesUMSstandfor?

HaveyouservedUMS?

UMSstandsforUnmannedMachinerySpace.Yes,IhaveseveredUMSbefore.

18HaveyouevenexperiencedPSCinspection?

Whereandwhenwasyourlastinspection?

Yes,IhaveexperiencedPSCinspection,wehaditduringourlastvoyageinAmerica.

19Whatshouldbepaidattentiontointheoverhaulofacylinder.

（在气缸大修过程中应该注意什么？

）

Weshouldpayattentiontothesafetyandthespecialtools.

20Beforeenteringanenclosedspacesuchasballasttank,whatactionwillyoutake?

Iwillventthespaceandchecktheoxygencontent.

21Pleasetellmetheminimumsafeoxygenpercentageforthesafetyoftheworkersinanenclosedspace.

（请说出进入封闭舱室需要的安全氧气含量）

Morethan18%andnomorethan23%.（大于18%，小于23%）

第二章机舱日常业务

1Pleaseintroduceonetypeofthemainengine

Atwo-strokedieselengineorfour-strokedieselengine.

二冲程柴油机四冲程柴油机

2Pleaseintroducefuelinjectionprocessofelectronicallycontrolledmainengine请介绍电控主机的燃油喷射过程

Thefueloilispumpedinto“commonrail”（共轨系统）theninjectedintothecylinderbyanelectroniccontrolunit.

3Pleaseintroducedualfueltechnologyofmainengine

Thiskindofmainenginecanburnbothnaturalgas（天然气）andfueloilusedinlargemediumspeedengine.

4Whyisthetwo-strokeenginewidelyusedonboardship?

Becausethetwo-strokeenginecandevelopmorepowerthanafour-strokeengineofthesamesize.

5Whyistheairexchangingqualityoffour-strokeenginemorethanoftwo-strokeengine？

为什么四冲程发动机的换气质量比二冲程的要好？

Becauseinthefour–strokeenginethereisanenoughoverlapbetweentheairinletvalveopeningandtheexhaustvalveclosing.

扫气口打开与排气口关闭之间的重叠充分。

6Pleaseintroducethreemovingpartsofmarinemainengine

Crankshaft,connectingrod,crosshead,pistonandsoon.

7What’sthesequenceofthefourstrokes?

Suction,compression,expansionandexhaust

8Pleaseintroducefourfixingpartsofmarinemainengine

Bedplate,cylinderblock,scavengeairboxandframe.

机座，气缸体，扫气箱，机架

9Whatiscalledaworkingcycleofdieselengine?

Theoperationbetweentwofuelinjectionsiscalledaworkingcycle.

10whatisthefoundationofdieselengine?

Thebedplate.

11whatarethefunctionandfeatureofthetierods?

tierodsareusedtosecurethebedplate,theframeandcylinderblocktogether,theyarelongrigidrods.

12whatisthefunctionofthegovernorofthemainengine?

Adjustthespeedofmainengine.

13whatisthefeatureofthegovernor?

Thefeatureofthegovernorisautomaticallymaintainingtheconstantspeedorderedbytheoperatorofanengine.

14whatisusedforconnectingthepistonrodandconnectingrod?

Thecrosshead

15whatisusedforsealingbetweenthecrankcaseandscavengingairbox?

Thestuffingbox.

16whatarethetwotypesofthecoolingsystem?

Theyareclosedfreshwatercoolingsystemandopenseawatercoolingsystem.

17what’sthefunctionoftheheadtankusedinthecoolingwatersystem?

Thefunctionistomakeupwater,venttheairinthesystemandallowtheexpansionofwater.

18pleaseintroducetheopencoolingsystem.

Itreferstotheseawatersystem,inwhichseawaterisusedascoolantinindividualcooleranddischargedintotheseaafteruse.

19pleaseintroducetheclosecoolingsystem

Itreferstothefreshwatersystem,inwhichtheenginejacket,theheatexchangerandthefreshwatercirculatingpumpsformacontinuouscircuitwhichisnotopentotheatmosphere.

20pleaseintroducethecentralcoolingsystem.

Centralcoolingsystemisbasedonsamedesignprincipleswithconventionseawatercoolingsystembutwithacentralcoolerandoneaadditionalsetofpump

21what’stheadvantageofthecentralcoolingwatersystem?

Withlessequipmentcontactingwithseawater,thecorrosionproblemsaremuchreducedinthesystem.

22howtocontrolfueloilviscosityofmainengine?

Bycontrollingtheoiltemperature.

23pleaseintroducetwosub-systemsofthefueloilsystem.

Fuelsupplysystemandfuelinjectionsystem.

24Pleasespeakoutthefunctionofthefueloilviscosityregulator.

Thefunctionistocontroltheviscosityofthefueloil.

25Howdoesthefueloilviscosityregulatorwork?

Toregulatethetemperatureoffueloilbycontrollingthesteam.

26Pleasetellatleastthreecompositionoffueloil.

Sulphur,watercontent,carbon,etc.

27Pleasenameatleastthreeofmainfactorstoselectafueloil.

Viscosity,cetanenumber,calorificvalue,sulphur,etc.

28Whatistheusualcoolantusedinthemarinedieselengine?

Freshwater,lubeoilandseawater.

29whyseawaterisnotuseddirectlyasacoolantinthemarinedieselengine?

Becauseseawateriscorrosiveandliabletoleavedeposits.

30What’stheadvantageofoil-coolingpiston?

Theadvantageisthatanyleakageoflubeoilwillnotcausecorrosionandcontamination.

31What’sthedisadvantageofwater-coolingsystem?

Waterleakagewithintheenginecancausecorrosionandcontamination.

32What’sthefunctionofthelubricatingoilinmainengine?

Thefunctionsareasfollows:

toprovidelubricatingfilm,removeheat,cleanthemovingpartsandsoon.

33Howdoyoucleanthelubeoilfilters?

Icleanthenetofthefiltersinthelightoil,thenblowitwithcompressedair.

34Whendoyoucleanthefueloilfilters?

Wecleanthefueloilfiltersperiodically.

35Whymustthecylinderoilhavealkalinity?

Itistoneutralizetheacidproductsofcombustion

36What’sthefunctionofthecylinderoil?

Thefunctionislubrication,formingagassealandcleaningthecylinderliner.

37Howdoyoustarttheaircompressor?

Firstly,checkthelubeoillever;secondlyturnitandmakesurethatitcanturnsmoothly,makesureeverythingisOK,andstartit.

38Whatdoyoupayattentiontowhenyoustandbyengine?

Checkedvariouspressureandtemperatures,warmuptheengine,turntheenginewithturninggearandsoon

39Doyouknowthereasonswhytheenginedoesnotstartonair?

Thecausesmaybestartingairpressureistoolow,theturninggearisengagedin,mastervalveisnotactuated,etc.

40Whatshouldyouperiodicallydofortheairreservoir?

Weperiodicallydrainanywaterorsludgeinit.

41What’sthefunctionofgasexchangeindieselengine?

Gasexchangereferstothesupplyoffreshairforcombustionandremovalofexhaustgas.

42What’sthefunctionofsuperchargingindieselengine?

Itistoincreasetheamountoffreshairsuppliedforcombustion,thustoincreasetheoutputoftheengine.

43Howdoyouoperatethemainengineincoldweather?

Warmuptheengineandkeepthechargeairandoilatpropertemperature

44Howdoyouheatthemainengine?

Themainengineistobewarmedbycirculatinghotwaterthroughthejacket.

45Howdoyouchangedieseloilintofueloil?

Heatdieseloilfirstandthenopenthefueloilvalve.

46Howdoyouchangefueloilintodieseloil?

Decreasethefueloiltemperature,opendieseloilvalve,closethedieseloilvalve.

47Whatisthefunctionoftheturninggear?

Theturninggearisusedtomakeengineoperateslowlyforinspection

48Howdoyoumeasuretheclearanceofthemainbearings?

Byleadwireorfeelers.

49Howdoyoumeasurethecrankdeflectionofthemainengine?

Bycrankshaftdeflectiongauge.

50Doyouknowwhythedieselengineexhaustsblacksmoke?

Yes,t