英语初中语法定语从句练习题.docx
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英语初中语法定语从句练习题
中考初中语法-定语从句练习题
定语从句——关系代词引导的定语从句
【关系代词引导的定语从句】
(一)、定义:
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如:
1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.
2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
关系词常有三个作用:
1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.
注意:
关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)
(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)
4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)
(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
(在句子中做宾语)
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?
=Doyoulikethebookisyellow?
【总结】:
一、关系代词引导定语从句时,可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。
如:
代替人
代替物
代替人或物
主语
who
which
that
宾语
whom/who
which
that
定语
whose(=ofwhom)
whose(=ofwhich)
1.Thisisthedoctor_____________camefromLondon.
2.Thebook___________________IamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.
3.Thedesk_________________legisbrokenisveryold.
4.Thisistheroom______________Shakespearewasbornin.
二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点:
1.如果先行词是all,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。
例如:
Allthatarepresentburstintotears.
2.如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which。
例如:
ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.
3.which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思与andthis相似。
例如:
Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
4.先行词中既有人又有物时,关系代词应该用that。
例如:
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
5.“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
此结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,to,at,of,without等,关系代词常常只可用whom或which,不可用that。
例如:
Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.
像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。
例如:
Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.
一、典型例题
()1、-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?
-Yes,he‘sourheadmaster.
A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom
()2、Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.
A.which;isB.whom;was
C.who;isD.who;was
()3、HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic___actorsareveryfamous?
AwhoBwhoseCthatDwhom
()4、Annaskedthepoliceman___heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.
AwithhimBwithwhomCwhoDwhom
()5、Achild____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.
AwhichBhisCwhoseDwith
()6、Thisisthereason______hetoldme.
A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthat
()7、Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose
()8、Thisisthedictionary_______Mumgavemeformybirthday.
A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom
()9、ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.
A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what
()10、—Doyouknowthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?
—Sheismylittlesister.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which
三、课后练习
()1.Beijingisthe29thcity_______holdstheOlympicGames.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what
()2.Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?
A.thatB.whenC.where
()3.Theman_______cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.
A.whenB.whichC.who
()4.Ilikewriters_______writeshortstories.
A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who
()5.Thisisthequestion_______wearetalkingaboutnow.
A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when
()6.—Whatareyoulookingfor?
—Iamlookingforthebook_______Iboughtyesterday.
A.whoB.whichC.whose
()7.Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice_______wouldliketospeakwithyou.
A.whoB.whichC.whom
()8.Ifabagisfilledwithbooksandpens,itmustbelongtosomeone_______workshard.
A.whichB./C.whomD.who
()9.Manyyoungpeoplepreferthesongs_______havegreatlyrics.
A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom
()10.Eventeacherscan’tunderstandsomeexpressions_______theirstudentsuseindailylife.
A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.whom
()11.Thebridge____abigshipcangohasbeenbuilt.
A.underwhichB.underthat
C.inwhichD.onwhich
()12.Thebook____istornismine.
A.thecoverofwhichB.thecoverofthat
C.whichthecoverD.whosecoverof
()13.Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.
A.whoB.that
C.whichD.aboutwhich
()14.Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.
A.whomB.ofwhomC.whoseD.ofwhich
()15.Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.
A./B.thatC.itD.which
()16.Wecametoaplace____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.
A.whichB.inwhich
C.onwhichD.towhich
()17.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.
A.whohaveB.whohas
C.whichhaveD.have
()19.Theman____wasafriendofmine.
A.thatyoujusttalkedtoB.whomyoujusttalkedtohim
C.whoyoujusttalkedtohimD.whichyoujusttalkedto
()20.Iwenttotheschool____myfatheronceworked.
A.thatB.which
C.whereD.onwhich
()21.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_________hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that;whichB.when;which
C.which;thatD.when;who
()22.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it
()23.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyIdoubtverymuch.
A.itB.thatC.whenD.which
()24.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.
A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
()25.Haveyouseenthefilm"Titanic",________leadingactorisworldfamous?
A.itsB.it'sC.whoseD.which
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2.书面表达
为了配合“足球进校园”活动,你们班开展了一次主题班会。
请你以足球迷的身份,根据下列表格中的要点提示,用英语向同学们介绍足球这项运动并谈谈自己的梦想。
常识
历史悠久,深受喜爱
世界杯4年举行一次
好处
男生女生皆可参加
利于培养团队精神
考生自拟(至少1点)
偶像
梅西,有足球天赋
梦想
考生自拟(至少1点)
注意:
1.词数90左右。
短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数;
1.短文须包括所有要点,不要逐词翻译,可适当发挥,使短文连贯、通顺;
2.短文中不得真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
参考词汇:
梅西Messi
Dearclassmates,
I’mveryexcitedtohearthatChinawillbuild20,000football-themedschoolsby2020.
Thankyouforyourattention.
【答案】Dearclassmates,
I’mveryexcitedtohearthatChinawillbuild20,000football-themedschoolsby2020.
Footballhasaverylonghistory.Itislikedbypeopleallovertheworld.TheWorldCuptakesplaceeveryfouryears.Playingfootballhaslotsofadvantages.First,bothboysandgirlscantakepartinit.Second,ithelpsdevelopteamspirit.What’smore,playingfootballisgoodforourhealth.
I’mafootballfan.Messiismyhero.Hehasagiftforplayingfootball.MydreamistobecomeafamousfootballplayerlikeMessi.IhopeChinawillholdtheWorldCupsomeday.
Thankyouforyourattention.
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:
本题要求按提纲的提示,介绍足球运动并谈谈自己的梦想。
要求仔细阅读有关提示,弄清试题提供的所有信息,明确本文主要从三个方面来写:
介绍足球运动及其好处;说说自己的偶像;谈谈自己的梦想。
要依据提示情景或词语,按照一定逻辑关系来写。
根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态;语言表达要符合英语习惯。
写作亮点:
本文语言精炼,像第二自然段的Footballhasaverylonghistory.Itislikedbypeopleallovertheworld.TheWorldCuptakesplaceeveryfouryears.ithelpsdevelopteamspirit.What’smore,playingfootballisgoodforourhealth.等等句子,简洁,但是句意表达清楚;同时,本文用了被动语态、动名词作主语、不定式作表语等等语法形式,使表达生动;用了first,second等使得短文层次清楚。
3.假如你是李明,5月18日星期六这一天,你与几位同班同学一起参观了水上公园(WaterPark)。
请根据下面的内容提示,写一篇日记。
(1)乘.坐大巴约一小时后到达目的地,游客多;
(2)上午划船,下午看了许多动物,例如…:
(3)碰到几位外国朋友并与他们交谈:
(4)看到了乱扔垃圾、插队等不良现象:
(5)你的感想…
参考词汇:
.插队cutinline
要求:
(1)词数:
80〜100个。
(2)短文的开头己给出,不计入总词数
(3)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥•
May18,SaturdayFine
TodayIvisitedWaterParkwithseveralofmyclassmates.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】May18,SaturdayFine
TodayIvisitedWaterParkwithseveralofmvclassmates.Ittookusaboutanhourtogettherebybus.Whenwearrived,therewerealotofvisitors.
Inthemorning,wewentboatingandenjoyedourselves.Wesawmanyanimals,suchaspandas,giraffesandmonkeysintheafternoon.Theyaresolovely.Wemetsomeforeignguestsandtalkedwiththemhappily.However,duringourvisitwesawsomepeoplethrowingrubbishandcuttinginline.
Inmyopinion,itisourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentandfollowtherulesinpublic.AndIhopechangeswilltakeplaceinthefuture.
【解析】