英语初中语法定语从句练习题.docx

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英语初中语法定语从句练习题

中考初中语法-定语从句练习题

定语从句——关系代词引导的定语从句

【关系代词引导的定语从句】

(一)、定义:

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如:

1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.

2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。

关系词常有三个作用:

1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人,在从句中做主语

(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.

(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.

2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.

注意:

关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.

3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略

(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)

(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)

4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)

(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?

(在句子中做宾语)

5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语

(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替

(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?

=Doyoulikethebookisyellow?

【总结】:

一、关系代词引导定语从句时,可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。

如:

代替人

代替物

代替人或物

主语

who

which

that

宾语

whom/who

which

that

定语

whose(=ofwhom)

whose(=ofwhich)

1.Thisisthedoctor_____________camefromLondon.

2.Thebook___________________IamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.

3.Thedesk_________________legisbrokenisveryold.

4.Thisistheroom______________Shakespearewasbornin.  

二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点:

1.如果先行词是all,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。

  例如:

Allthatarepresentburstintotears.

2.如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which。

  例如:

ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.

3.which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思与andthis相似。

  

例如:

Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.

4.先行词中既有人又有物时,关系代词应该用that。

  例如:

Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.

5.“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

此结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,to,at,of,without等,关系代词常常只可用whom或which,不可用that。

 

例如:

Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.

  像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。

例如:

Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.

一、典型例题

()1、-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?

-Yes,he‘sourheadmaster.

A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom

()2、Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.

A.which;isB.whom;was

C.who;isD.who;was

()3、HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic___actorsareveryfamous?

AwhoBwhoseCthatDwhom

()4、Annaskedthepoliceman___heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.

AwithhimBwithwhomCwhoDwhom

()5、Achild____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.

AwhichBhisCwhoseDwith

()6、Thisisthereason______hetoldme.

A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthat

()7、Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?

A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose

()8、Thisisthedictionary_______Mumgavemeformybirthday.

A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom

()9、ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.

A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what

()10、—Doyouknowthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?

—Sheismylittlesister.

A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which

三、课后练习

()1.Beijingisthe29thcity_______holdstheOlympicGames.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what

()2.Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?

A.thatB.whenC.where

()3.Theman_______cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.

A.whenB.whichC.who

()4.Ilikewriters_______writeshortstories.

A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who

()5.Thisisthequestion_______wearetalkingaboutnow.

A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when

()6.—Whatareyoulookingfor?

—Iamlookingforthebook_______Iboughtyesterday.

A.whoB.whichC.whose

()7.Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice_______wouldliketospeakwithyou.

A.whoB.whichC.whom

()8.Ifabagisfilledwithbooksandpens,itmustbelongtosomeone_______workshard.

A.whichB./C.whomD.who

()9.Manyyoungpeoplepreferthesongs_______havegreatlyrics.

A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom

()10.Eventeacherscan’tunderstandsomeexpressions_______theirstudentsuseindailylife.

A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.whom

()11.Thebridge____abigshipcangohasbeenbuilt.

A.underwhichB.underthat

C.inwhichD.onwhich

()12.Thebook____istornismine.

A.thecoverofwhichB.thecoverofthat

C.whichthecoverD.whosecoverof

()13.Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.

A.whoB.that

C.whichD.aboutwhich

()14.Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.

A.whomB.ofwhomC.whoseD.ofwhich

()15.Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.

A./B.thatC.itD.which

()16.Wecametoaplace____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.

A.whichB.inwhich

C.onwhichD.towhich

()17.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.

A.whohaveB.whohas

C.whichhaveD.have

()19.Theman____wasafriendofmine.

A.thatyoujusttalkedtoB.whomyoujusttalkedtohim

C.whoyoujusttalkedtohimD.whichyoujusttalkedto

()20.Iwenttotheschool____myfatheronceworked.

A.thatB.which

C.whereD.onwhich

()21.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_________hasagreateffectonmylife.

A.that;whichB.when;which

C.which;thatD.when;who

()22.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it

()23.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyIdoubtverymuch.

A.itB.thatC.whenD.which

()24.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.

A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what

()25.Haveyouseenthefilm"Titanic",________leadingactorisworldfamous?

A.itsB.it'sC.whoseD.which

 

二、英语书面表达专项训练

2.书面表达

为了配合“足球进校园”活动,你们班开展了一次主题班会。

请你以足球迷的身份,根据下列表格中的要点提示,用英语向同学们介绍足球这项运动并谈谈自己的梦想。

常识

历史悠久,深受喜爱

世界杯4年举行一次

好处

男生女生皆可参加

利于培养团队精神

考生自拟(至少1点)

偶像

梅西,有足球天赋

梦想

考生自拟(至少1点)

 

注意:

1.词数90左右。

短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数;

1.短文须包括所有要点,不要逐词翻译,可适当发挥,使短文连贯、通顺;

2.短文中不得真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

参考词汇:

梅西Messi

Dearclassmates,

I’mveryexcitedtohearthatChinawillbuild20,000football-themedschoolsby2020.

Thankyouforyourattention.

【答案】Dearclassmates,

I’mveryexcitedtohearthatChinawillbuild20,000football-themedschoolsby2020.

Footballhasaverylonghistory.Itislikedbypeopleallovertheworld.TheWorldCuptakesplaceeveryfouryears.Playingfootballhaslotsofadvantages.First,bothboysandgirlscantakepartinit.Second,ithelpsdevelopteamspirit.What’smore,playingfootballisgoodforourhealth.

I’mafootballfan.Messiismyhero.Hehasagiftforplayingfootball.MydreamistobecomeafamousfootballplayerlikeMessi.IhopeChinawillholdtheWorldCupsomeday.

Thankyouforyourattention.

【解析】

【详解】

试题分析:

本题要求按提纲的提示,介绍足球运动并谈谈自己的梦想。

要求仔细阅读有关提示,弄清试题提供的所有信息,明确本文主要从三个方面来写:

介绍足球运动及其好处;说说自己的偶像;谈谈自己的梦想。

要依据提示情景或词语,按照一定逻辑关系来写。

根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态;语言表达要符合英语习惯。

写作亮点:

本文语言精炼,像第二自然段的Footballhasaverylonghistory.Itislikedbypeopleallovertheworld.TheWorldCuptakesplaceeveryfouryears.ithelpsdevelopteamspirit.What’smore,playingfootballisgoodforourhealth.等等句子,简洁,但是句意表达清楚;同时,本文用了被动语态、动名词作主语、不定式作表语等等语法形式,使表达生动;用了first,second等使得短文层次清楚。

3.假如你是李明,5月18日星期六这一天,你与几位同班同学一起参观了水上公园(WaterPark)。

请根据下面的内容提示,写一篇日记。

(1)乘.坐大巴约一小时后到达目的地,游客多;

(2)上午划船,下午看了许多动物,例如…:

(3)碰到几位外国朋友并与他们交谈:

(4)看到了乱扔垃圾、插队等不良现象:

(5)你的感想…

参考词汇:

.插队cutinline

要求:

(1)词数:

80〜100个。

(2)短文的开头己给出,不计入总词数

(3)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥•

May18,SaturdayFine

TodayIvisitedWaterParkwithseveralofmyclassmates.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】May18,SaturdayFine

TodayIvisitedWaterParkwithseveralofmvclassmates.Ittookusaboutanhourtogettherebybus.Whenwearrived,therewerealotofvisitors.

Inthemorning,wewentboatingandenjoyedourselves.Wesawmanyanimals,suchaspandas,giraffesandmonkeysintheafternoon.Theyaresolovely.Wemetsomeforeignguestsandtalkedwiththemhappily.However,duringourvisitwesawsomepeoplethrowingrubbishandcuttinginline.

Inmyopinion,itisourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentandfollowtherulesinpublic.AndIhopechangeswilltakeplaceinthefuture.

【解析】

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