农产品协议.docx

农产品协议.docx

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农产品协议

AGREEMENTONAGRICULTURE

Members,

HavingdecidedtoestablishabasisforinitiatingaprocessofreformoftradeinagricultureinlinewiththeobjectivesofthenegotiationsassetoutinthePuntadelEsteDeclaration;

Recallingthattheirlong-termobjectiveasagreedattheMid-TermReviewoftheUruguayRound"istoestablishafairandmarket-orientedagriculturaltradingsystemandthatareformprocessshouldbeinitiatedthroughthenegotiationofcommitmentsonsupportandprotectionandthroughtheestablishmentofstrengthenedandmoreoperationallyeffectiveGATTrulesanddisciplines";

Recallingfurtherthat"theabove-mentionedlong-termobjectiveistoprovideforsubstantialprogressivereductionsinagriculturalsupportandprotectionsustainedoveranagreedperiodoftime,resultingincorrectingandpreventingrestrictionsanddistortionsinworldagriculturalmarkets";

Committedtoachievingspecificbindingcommitmentsineachofthefollowingareas:

marketaccess;domesticsupport;exportcompetition;andtoreachinganagreementonsanitaryandphytosanitaryissues;

Havingagreedthatinimplementingtheircommitmentsonmarketaccess,developedcountryMemberswouldtakefullyintoaccounttheparticularneedsandconditionsofdevelopingcountryMembersbyprovidingforagreaterimprovementofopportunitiesandtermsofaccessforagriculturalproductsofparticularinteresttotheseMembers,includingthefullestliberalizationoftradeintropicalagriculturalproductsasagreedattheMid-TermReview,andforproductsofparticularimportancetothediversificationofproductionfromthegrowingofillicitnarcoticcrops;

NotingthatcommitmentsunderthereformprogrammeshouldbemadeinanequitablewayamongallMembers,havingregardtonon-tradeconcerns,includingfoodsecurityandtheneedtoprotecttheenvironment;havingregardtotheagreementthatspecialanddifferentialtreatmentfordevelopingcountriesisanintegralelementofthenegotiations,andtakingintoaccountthepossiblenegativeeffectsoftheimplementationofthereformprogrammeonleast-developedandnetfood-importingdevelopingcountries;

Herebyagreeasfollows:

PartI

Article1

DefinitionofTerms

InthisAgreement,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires:

（a）"AggregateMeasurementofSupport"and"AMS"meantheannuallevelofsupport,expressedinmonetaryterms,providedforanagriculturalproductinfavouroftheproducersofthebasicagriculturalproductornon-product-specificsupportprovidedinfavourofagriculturalproducersingeneral,otherthansupportprovidedunderprogrammesthatqualifyasexemptfromreductionunderAnnex2tothisAgreement,whichis:

（i）withrespecttosupportprovidedduringthebaseperiod,specifiedintherelevanttablesofsupportingmaterialincorporatedbyreferenceinPart IVofaMember'sSchedule;and

（ii）withrespecttosupportprovidedduringanyyearoftheimplementationperiodandthereafter,calculatedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofAnnex3ofthisAgreementandtakingintoaccounttheconstituentdataandmethodologyusedinthetablesofsupportingmaterialincorporatedbyreferenceinPartIVoftheMember'sSchedule;

（b）"basicagriculturalproduct"inrelationtodomesticsupportcommitmentsisdefinedastheproductascloseaspracticabletothepointoffirstsaleasspecifiedinaMember'sScheduleandintherelatedsupportingmaterial;

（c）"budgetaryoutlays"or"outlays"includesrevenueforegone;

（d）"EquivalentMeasurementofSupport"meanstheannuallevelofsupport,expressedinmonetaryterms,providedtoproducersofabasicagriculturalproductthroughtheapplicationofoneormoremeasures,thecalculationofwhichinaccordancewiththeAMSmethodologyisimpracticable,otherthansupportprovidedunderprogrammesthatqualifyasexemptfromreductionunderAnnex2tothisAgreement,andwhichis:

（i）withrespecttosupportprovidedduringthebaseperiod,specifiedintherelevanttablesofsupportingmaterialincorporatedbyreferenceinPart IVofaMember'sSchedule;and

（ii）withrespecttosupportprovidedduringanyyearoftheimplementationperiodandthereafter,calculatedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofAnnex4ofthisAgreementandtakingintoaccounttheconstituentdataandmethodologyusedinthetablesofsupportingmaterialincorporatedbyreferenceinPartIVoftheMember'sSchedule;

（e）"exportsubsidies"referstosubsidiescontingentuponexportperformance,includingtheexportsubsidieslistedinArticle9ofthisAgreement;

（f）"implementationperiod"meansthesix-yearperiodcommencingintheyear1995,exceptthat,forthepurposesofArticle13,itmeansthenine-yearperiodcommencingin1995;

（g）"marketaccessconcessions"includesallmarketaccesscommitmentsundertakenpursuanttothisAgreement;

（h）"TotalAggregateMeasurementofSupport"and"TotalAMS"meanthesumofalldomesticsupportprovidedinfavourofagriculturalproducers,calculatedasthesumofallaggregatemeasurementsofsupportforbasicagriculturalproducts,allnon-product-specificaggregatemeasurementsofsupportandallequivalentmeasurementsofsupportforagriculturalproducts,andwhichis:

（i）withrespecttosupportprovidedduringthebaseperiod（i.e.the"BaseTotalAMS"）andthemaximumsupportpermittedtobeprovidedduringanyyearoftheimplementationperiodorthereafter（i.e.the"AnnualandFinalBoundCommitmentLevels"）,asspecifiedinPartIVofaMember'sSchedule;and

（ii）withrespecttothelevelofsupportactuallyprovidedduringanyyearoftheimplementationperiodandthereafter（i.e.the"CurrentTotalAMS"）,calculatedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisAgreement,includingArticle 6,andwiththeconstituentdataandmethodologyusedinthetablesofsupportingmaterialincorporatedbyreferenceinPartIVoftheMember'sSchedule;

（i）"year"inparagraph（f）aboveandinrelationtothespecificcommitmentsofaMemberreferstothecalendar,financialormarketingyearspecifiedintheSchedulerelatingtothatMember.

Article2

ProductCoverage

ThisAgreementappliestotheproductslistedinAnnex1tothisAgreement,hereinafterreferredtoasagriculturalproducts.

Part II

Article3

IncorporationofConcessionsandCommitments

1.ThedomesticsupportandexportsubsidycommitmentsinPart IVofeachMember'sScheduleconstitutecommitmentslimitingsubsidizationandareherebymadeanintegralpartofGATT1994.

2.SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle 6,aMembershallnotprovidesupportinfavourofdomesticproducersinexcessofthecommitmentlevelsspecifiedinSection IofPart IVofitsSchedule.

3.Subjecttotheprovisionsofparagraphs2（b）and 4ofArticle 9,aMembershallnotprovideexportsubsidieslistedinparagraph 1ofArticle 9inrespectoftheagriculturalproductsorgroupsofproductsspecifiedinSection IIofPart IVofitsScheduleinexcessofthebudgetaryoutlayandquantitycommitmentlevelsspecifiedthereinandshallnotprovidesuchsubsidiesinrespectofanyagriculturalproductnotspecifiedinthatSectionofitsSchedule.

Part III

Article4

MarketAccess

1.MarketaccessconcessionscontainedinSchedulesrelatetobindingsandreductionsoftariffs,andtoothermarketaccesscommitmentsasspecifiedtherein.

2.Membersshallnotmaintain,resortto,orreverttoanymeasuresofthekindwhichhavebeenrequiredtobeconvertedintoordinarycustomsduties,exceptasotherwiseprovidedforinArticle 5andAnnex 5.

Article5

SpecialSafeguardProvisions

1.Notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph1（b）ofArticleIIofGATT1994,anyMembermaytakerecoursetotheprovisionsofparagraphs4and5belowinconnectionwiththeimportationofanagriculturalproduct,inrespectofwhichmeasuresreferredtoinparagraph2ofArticle4ofthisAgreementhavebeenconvertedintoanordinarycustomsdutyandwhichisdesignatedinitsSchedulewiththesymbol"SSG"asbeingthesubjectofaconcessioninrespectofwhichtheprovisionsofthisArticlemaybeinvoked,if:

（a）thevolumeofimportsofthatproductenteringthecustomsterritoryoftheMembergrantingtheconcessionduringanyyearexceedsatriggerlevelwhichrelatestotheexistingmarketaccessopportunityassetoutinparagraph 4;or,butnotconcurrently:

（b）thepriceatwhichimportsofthatproductmayenterthecustomsterritoryoftheMembergrantingtheconcession,asdeterminedonthebasisofthec.i.f.importpriceoftheshipmentconcernedexpressedintermsofitsdomesticcurrency,fallsbelowatriggerpriceequaltotheaverage1986 to 1988referencepricefortheproductconcerned.

2.Importsundercurrentandminimumaccesscommitmentsestablishedaspartofaconcessionreferredtoinparagraph1aboveshallbecountedforthepurposeofdeterminingthevolumeofimportsrequiredforinvokingtheprovisionsofsubparagraph1（a）andparagraph4,butimportsundersuchcommitmentsshallnotbeaffectedbyanyadditionaldutyimposedundereithersubparagraph1（a）andparagraph4orsubparagraph1（b）andparagraph 5below.

3.Anysuppliesoftheproductinquestionwhichwereenrouteonthebasisofacontractsettledbeforetheadditionaldutyisimposedundersubparagraph1（a）andparagraph4shallbeexemptedfromanysuchadditionalduty,providedthattheymaybecountedinthevolumeofimportsoftheproductinquestionduringthefollowingyearforthepurposesoftriggeringtheprovisionsofsubparagraph 1（a）inthatyear.

4.Anyadditionaldutyimposedundersubparagraph 1（a）shallonlybemaintaineduntiltheendoftheyearinwhichithasbeenimposed,andmayonlybeleviedatalevelwhichshallnotexceedone thirdoftheleveloftheo