初中语法及练习.docx
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初中语法及练习
语法及练习1be动词
Be动词的用法:
(1)Am--wasIs--wasAre--were口诀:
我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,复数全用are。
(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.
(3)一般疑问句AmIaChinese?
Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmerican?
Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Isthecatfat?
Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1.I__am____aboy.____Are__youaboy?
No,I___am__not.
2.Thegirl___is___Jack'ssister.
3.Thedog___is____tallandfat.
4.Themanwithbigeyes___is____ateacher.
5.____Are__yourbrotherintheclassroom?
6.Where__are___yourmother?
She___is___athome.
7.How___is____yourfather?
8.MikeandLiuTao___is___atschool.
9.Whosedress____is__this?
10.Whosesocks__are____they?
11.That___is___myredskirt.
12.Who___is___I?
13.Thejeans___is___onthedesk.
14.Here___are___ascarfforyou.
15.Here___are___somesweatersforyou.
16.Theblackgloves___is___forSuYang.
17.Thispairofgloves___is___forYangLing.
18.Thetwocupsofmilk___is__forme.
19.Sometea___is___intheglass.
20.Gaoshan'sshirt___is____overthere.
21.Mysister'sname__is____Nancy.
22.This____is__notWangFang'spencil.
23.___Are___DavidandHelenfromEngland?
24.There____is__agirlintheroom.
25.There___are___someapplesonthetree.
26.___Are____thereanykitesintheclassroom?
27.___Are____thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?
28.There____is___somebreadontheplate.
29.There___is____aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.
30.You,heandI______fromChina.
语法及练习2人称代词和物主代词
人称代词和物主代词
1.人称代词主格和宾格的区别:
主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2.物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:
形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词。
一.填写代词表主格。
I
you
he
her
it
we
you
they
my
you
his
her
it
you
them
me
your
his
hers
its
us
your
their
mine
your
him
hers
its
yous
theirs
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Thatisnot___my______kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but___mine______isverybig.(I)
2.Thedressis____hers_____.Giveitto____she_____.(she)
3.Isthis____your_____watch?
(you)No,it’snot_____my____.(I)
4._____he____ismybrother.____his____nameisJack.Look!
Thosestampsare____him_____.(he)
5.____we_____dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare___yours______?
(you)
6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis____hers_____?
(she)
7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s___yours______?
(you)
8.Show____them_____yourkite,OK?
(they)
9.Ihaveabeautifulcat.____It_____nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_____its____.(it)
10.Arethese____them____tickets?
No,___they_____arenot____theirs_____.____they____aren’there.(they)11.Shall___we______havealookatthatclassroom?
Thatis____us_____classroom.(we)
12.____her_____ismyaunt.Doyouknow____her_____job?
_____her____anurse.(she)
13.Thatisnot___his______camera.____he_____isathome.(he)
14.Whereare__them_______?
Ican’tfind_____theirs____.Let’scall____them_____parents.(they)
15.Don’ttouch_________._____it____notacat,_____It____atiger!
16._____her____sisterisill.Pleasegoandget____hers_____.(she)
17._____we____don’tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell___us______.(we)
18.Somanydogs.Let’scount____theirs_____.(they)
19.Ihavealovelybrother._____he____isonly3.Ilike____his_____verymuch.(he)
20.MayIsitbeside____yours_____?
(you)
21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon___its______.(it)
22.Thegirlbehind____her_____isourfriend.(she)
语法及练习3名词复数和动词三单
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:
bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:
family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:
knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
练习:
写出下列各词的复数。
I____we_____him___theirs______this___they____her____their__watch__watches_____book____books___
child_children______photo_photos_______diary___diaries___day____days____foot___feet_____dress____dresses____tooth___teeth____sheep___sheep___box__boxes_____strawberry___strawberries__thief___thieves____yo-yo__yo-yos____peach__peaches____sandwich__sandwiches____man__men____woman___women____paper__paper___people_people_______
二.动词三单的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:
guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:
study-studies
练习:
写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
drink___drinks_____go____goes___stay___staies_____make___makes_____look___looks______
have__has_____pass___passes____carry__carries__come____comes____watch__watches____
plant___plants____fly____flies____study__studies_____brush____brushes____teach_teaches______
语法及练习4一般现在时
一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如:
Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:
Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如:
Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1.be动词:
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如:
Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:
主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如:
WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如:
MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。
否定句:
主语+be+not+其它。
如:
Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:
Be+主语+其它。
如:
-Areyouastudent?
-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Whereismybike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:
主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。
如:
Idon'tlikebread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:
Hedoesn'toftenplay.
一般疑问句:
Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。
如:
-Doyouoftenplayfootball?
-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。
如:
-Doesshegotoworkbybike?
-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Howdoesyourfathergotowork?
一般现在时用法专练:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften___has_____(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy___are____(be)inClassOne.
3.We__notwatch_____(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Nick_doesnotgo_____(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.____Do__they___like_____(like)theWorldCup?
6.What____do___theyoften___do____(do)onSaturdays?
7.___Does____yourparents__read_____(read)newspaperseveryday?
8.Thegirl__teaches_____(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
9.SheandI____take____(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
10.There____are____(be)somewaterinthebottle.
11.Mike____likes___(like)cooking.
12.They___have____(have)thesamehobby.
13.Myaunt___looks____(look)afterherbabycarefully.
14.Youalways__do_____(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I___am____(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
16.She___goes____(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
17.LiuTao_____does__(do)notlikePE.
18.Thechildoften____watches___(watch)TVintheevening.
19.SuHaiandSuYang___have____(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.-Whatday___is____(be)ittoday?
-It’sSaturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1.watchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___doesn’t_watchesTVeveryevening._
2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_____Doyoumyhomeworkeveryday_____Yes,Ido.______
3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)___Doesshelikemilk?
Yes,shedoes._____
4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)___Doesshelikeplayingcomputergame?
___Noshedoesn’t.
5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_Wedon’tgotoschooleverymoring._____________
6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)
__Hedoesn’tspeakEnglishverywell.______________
7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________
8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________
9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________
10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?
____speaks______________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?
______like____________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.____playgame______________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.___teach_______________
5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays.____doesn’t_____________
语法及练习5现在进行时
现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:
cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:
make-making,taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:
run-running,stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play____playying____run___running_______swim__swimming_______make____making______go_____going____
like__liking______write___writing_____ski____skiing_______read____reading____have___having______
sing_singing_______dance___dancing______put____putting_____see__seeing______buy___buyying______
love___loving______live__living_____take__taking_______come____coming____get___geting______
stop__stopping_______sit__siting______begin__begining______shop__shopping_________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy_____drawing_____________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother____cooking_______(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What___doing__you__do____(do)now?
5.Look.They___having____________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They___aren’twatering_________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls_____danceing___________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?
She____l