考研英语模拟题03.docx

考研英语模拟题03.docx

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考研英语模拟题03

模拟题三

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark［A］,［B］,［C］or［D］onAnswerSheet1.（10points）

　　Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankind'sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.

　　Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment.

　　Current11ofinnatenesstheory（天生论）aremixed,however,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.

　　16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative,learnedbehavior.20,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild'slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.

　　1.［A］generated［B］evolved［C］born［D］originated

　　2.［A］valuable［B］appropriate［C］convenient［D］favorite

　　3.［A］attainments［B］feasibility［C］entertainments［D］evolution

　　4.［A］essential［B］available［C］reliable［D］responsible

　　5.［A］confirm［B］inform［C］claim［D］convince

　　6.［A］for［B］from［C］of［D］with

　　7.［A］organizations［B］organisms［C］humans［D］children

　　8.［A］potential［B］performance［C］preference［D］passion

　　9.［A］as［B］justas［C］like［D］unlike

　　10.［A］ideological［B］biological［C］social［D］psychological

　　11.［A］reviews［B］reference［C］reaction［D］recommendation

　　12.［A］Inaword［B］Inasense［C］Indeed［D］Inotherwords

　　13.［A］various［B］different［C］thehigher［D］thelower

　　14.［A］revealed［B］exposed［C］engaged［D］involved

　　15.［A］regulations［B］formations［C］rules［D］constitutions

　　16.［A］Although［B］Whether［C］Since［D］When

　　17.［A］distinguished［B］different［C］protected［D］isolated

　　18.［A］exposition［B］comparison［C］contrast［D］interaction

　　19.［A］acquisition［B］appreciation［C］requirement［D］alternative

　　20.［A］Asaresult［B］Afterall［C］Inotherwords［D］Aboveall

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing［A］,［B］,［C］or［D］.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1.（40points）

　　Text1

　　WhenHowellRaineswasmadeexecutiveeditoroftheNewYorkTimesin2001,hebroughtwithhimareputationasafearlessandindependentnewsman.Withindays,al-Qaeda（基地组织）strucktheWorldTradeCentre,andthecoverageheoversawturnedhimintoaneditoriallegend,hisarmyofreporterswinninganunprecedentednumberofPulitzerprizes.

　　Yet,notayearandahalflater,thediscoveryoffabricationbyayoungreportertriggeredamanagerialcrisisthatdestroyedMrRaines'scareerandexposedthenewspapertoridiculeforbeingunabletodetectapathological（病态的）liarinitsownnewsroom.Notlongafterwards,anotherreporter,whowasalsoafavouriteofMrRaines's,departedasquestionswerebeingraisedastowhetherhehadactuallyreportedthestoriesappearingunderhisname.Ayearon,manyinsidetheworld'sbestknownpaperofrecordandintegritystillworryifitsreputationcanberestored.

　　MrRainesgottheeditorshipafterpledgingtoraisethepaper's"competitivemetabolism"（新陈代谢）.Thenewspaper'spublisher,ArthurSulzberger,hadhadampleopportunitiestoseehisflaws.AsbureauchiefinWashington,DC,MrRaineshadtreatedasmallgroupofreporterslikepets,earningthedislikeoftherest.Similaropinionshadbeenvoicedwhenheranthenewspaper'seditorialpage.Butineachplace,MrRaineshadmadetheNewYorkTimesnoticed.AndforMrSulzberger,thatseemedtobeananswertoaproblem.

　　Circulationhadbeenstagnantforyears,despiteattemptstoestablishtheNewYorkTimesasAmerica'snationalpaper.AccordingtoSethMnookin,anotedcolumnist,MrSulzbergerandMrRainesbothfeltthatthenewspaperwasbadlyinneedofachange.InMrRaines'shands,thismeantputtingenormouspressureongettingtheimpossiblestory.Thepaperhadalsobeenmakinganefforttodiversifytheracialmixofitsemployees,agoalthatMrRainesendorsed.BothobjectivesconvergedinthecareerofJaysonBlair,whosetalentasawriterwasmatchedbyhisdishonestyasareporter.HiscareerwasadvancedbyMrRainesdespitethetrailoferrorsandsuspectscoops（独家新闻）thatheleft.

　　AftertheBlairdisaster,apainfulself-examinationbeganattheNewYorkTimeswhichcontinuestoday.Amongotherthings,akindofdevil'sadvocatewashiredtocriticisethepaper'sworkings,andtogopublicaboutitscontradictions.DanielOkrent'scolumnisoneofthenewspaper'smoreprovocative,addressingitsleft-of-centreworldviewanditsuseofoutsidesourcestoprovidefalseobjectivityforitsownconclusions.PerhapstheresultofallthiswillbethechangethatMrSulzbergerwasseeking.

　　21.JasonBlairwashiredbytheNewYorkTimes,becausehe.

　　［A］heprovedtobeagoodreporteringettingsomehotstories

　　［B］hewasalongtimefavoritereporterofMrRaines'

　　［C］hepromisedtoboostthecirculationofthenewspaper

　　［D］hewastalentedandraciallycorrectattherighttime

　　22.MrRaines'careerwasdestroyedbecausehe.

　　［A］failedtonotifyhispublisherofthechangeoftheeditorialpolicy

　　［B］washeldresponsibleforallowingunfoundedstoriestobepublished

　　［C］supportedayoungreporterinmakingupunfoundedstories

　　［D］tooknoactionwhenthereputationofthenewspaperwasquestioned

　　23.MrRaineswasmadeexecutiveeditorofthenewspaperbecause.

　　［A］hepromisedtoenhancethecompetivenessofthenewspaper

　　［B］hehadrunthebureauinDCandtheeditorialsectionofthenewspaper

　　［C］MrSulzerbergerbelievedthathecouldreshapethenewspaper

　　［D］heknewhowtospurhisreportersandgethotstoriesdone

　　24.TheauthorthinksDanielOkrent.

　　［A］neverhesitatestoexposethecontradictionsofthenewspaper

　　［B］alwayssupportshisconclusionswithhisowninvestigations

　　［C］iscriticalofthemanagementofthenewspaper

　　［D］failstoofferabalancedviewonthesubjectheaddresses

　　25.Theexpression"theimpossiblestory"（Line4,Para.4）mostprobablymeans.

　　［A］anewsreportofunusualproportions［B］anunfoundednewsreport

　　［C］areportcompletedwithdifficulty［D］anewsstoryaimingatmakingastir

　　Text2

　　Forthegenerationthatgrewupduringthefeministrevolutionandtherapidsocialchangeofthe1960sand1970s,itatfirstseemedachievementenoughjustto"makeit"inaman'sworld.Butcoupledwiththeirambition,today'swomenhavedevelopedafiercedeterminationtofindnewoptionsforbeingbothparentandprofessionalwithoutsacrificingtoomuchtoeitherroleorburningthemselvesoutbeyondredemption.

　　Womenhavedonealloftheaccommodatingintermsoftime,energy,andpersonalsacrificethatishumanlypossible,andstilltheyhavenotreachedtrueintegrationintheworkplace.Foracomplicatedsetofreasons-manybeyondtheircontrol-theyfeelconflictbetweentheircareersandtheirchildren.Allbutararefewquicklydispelthemyththatsuperwomeneverexisted.

　　Formanywomen,professionandfamilyarepittedagainstoneanotheronahigh-stakescollisioncourse.Women'svaluesarestackedagainstthetraditionsoftheirprofessions.Inthehome,menandwomenstruggletofigureouthowdual-careermarriagesshouldwork.Roleconflictforwomenreachesfarbeyondthefundamentalwork/familydilemmatoencompassawholeconstellationoffiercelycompetingpriorities.Womentodayfindthemselvesinanintensebattlewithasocietythatcannotletgoofanarrowlydefinedworkethicthatissupportedbyafamilystructurethathasnotexistedfordecades.Theunspokenassumptionpersiststhatthereisstillawomanathometoraisethechildrenandmanagethehousehold.Buttheeconomicrealityisthatmostpeople,whetherintwo-parentorsingle-parentfamilies,needtoworkthroughouttheiradultlives.Asaconsequence,themajorityoftoday'smothersareinthelabormarket.

　　Thefirstfull-fledgedgenerationofwomenintheprofessionsdidnottalkabouttheiroverbookedagendaorthetollittookonthemandtheirfamilies.Theyknewthattheirpositionintheofficewasshakyatbest.Withvirtuallynochoiceinthematter,theyboughtintothetraditionalnotionofsuccessintheworkplace-usuallyattainedatthehighcostofgivingupaninvolvedfamilylife.Iftheysufferedself-doubtorfrustrationabouthowhollowprofessionalsuc