专题2冠词和数词.docx

专题2冠词和数词.docx

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专题2冠词和数词

冠词和数词

1.不定冠词的用法

1.1不定冠词包括a,an，它的基本用法如下

1.在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前面。

Thisisabook.

2.指人或物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

3.泛指某人或物

Ayoungmaniswaitingforyou.

4.用于某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类”等。

There’llbeastrongwindinSouthChina.

5用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前

Aknifeandfork（一把刀叉）

6.“a+序数词”表示“又一、再一”

ThecakeisdeliciousandIwouldlikeasecondone.

7.用于表明比率、速度、价格等，有“每一”的意思，相当于every

Fivelessonaweek

1.2不定冠词a、an的区别

a-用于辅音音素开头的单词前

an-用于以元音音素开头的单词之前

注：

有些词虽然以辅音字母开头，但其前的不定冠词要用an,因为开头的辅音字母不发音。

Halfanhour,anhonestperson

要注意区别以“u”开头的单词，当”u”发/λ/的音时，单词前面用an

Anumbrella

Anunhappyboy

当”u”发/ju:

/音时，单词前面用a

Auniversity

Ausefultool

1.3常见的词组

Afew/little/bit一点儿

Haveaswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest

Haveacold感冒

Haveagoodtime

Inahurry匆忙

Forawhile一会儿

Keepadiary记一记

Dosbafavor帮助某人

Eg.1Ihave__petcat.Itissocute.

A.aB.anC.theD./

Eg.2Tomwanttostudyat__universityinEurope,buthasn’tdecidedwhichonttogotoyet.

A.anB.aC.theD./

2.定冠词the的用法

2.1

1.用于双方都知道的人或物前

Givemethebook,please.

2.特指上文中提到的人或物。

Doyouknowthegirlinblue?

3.表示世界上独一无二的事物。

Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.

4.用在序数词，形容词最高级前面，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前面。

Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.

Heistheolderofthetwoboys.

5.用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩

TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.

6.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或物。

Theorangeisorange.

7.与某些形容词连用表示一类人

Weshouldhelptheold.

8.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前

TheGreatWall

TheSummerPalace

9.用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前

Ilikeplayingthepiano.

2.2固定搭配

Inthe

morning/afternoon/evening

Inthedaytime

Intheend

Allthetime

Atthesametime

Bytheway

Atthebeginningof

Ontheothersideof

Inthemiddleof

Atthemoment

Eg.3Jackoftenplay___pianoandheplantobeapianist.

A.aB.anC.theD./

Eg.4Doyouknow__maninblack?

-Yes,he’s__universityteacher.

A.the;aB./;theC.an;theD.the;an

3.不用冠词（即使用零冠词）的情形

1.[u]以及pl表示泛指时

Animalscan’tlivewithoutwater.

Horsesarehelpfulanimals.

2.某些专有名词，如人名、地名、国家名等表示泛指时

Chinaisagreatcountry.

MarylivesinNewYork.

3.名词前有指示代词，物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时

EverystudentlikesEnglishinourclass.

4.在表示称呼或表示头衍的名词前

ThisisProfessorCheng.

5.在三餐、球类运动及学科名词前

Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.

6.用在“专有名词+普通名词构成的表示街名、路名、山名的词前边

NanjingRoad

HainanIsland

7.by与交通工具名词连用时

Bycarbytrain;

8.在节假日前

Women’sdayTeachers’day

2.3固定搭配

Dayandnight

Facetoface

Sidebyside

Stepbystep

Atschool/home/work

Indanger

Atnoon/night/dawn

Eg.5Doyouknow__boyoverthere?

-Yes,helikesplaying____basketballverymuch.

A.the;/B.a;theC.the;anD./;the

Eg.6Didyougetthereby__bus?

-No,Itook___bus.

A.the;aB./;aC.a;/D.the;/

4.基数词

4.1

1-9

11-19

整十

整十之间

one

Eleven

Ten

Two

Twelve

Twenty

Twenty-two

Three

Thirteen

Thirty

Thirty-three

four

fourteen

forty

Forty-four

five

fifteen

fifty

Fifty-five

six

Sixteen

Sixty

Sixty-six

seven

seventeen

seventy

Seventy-seven

Eight

Eighteen

Eighty

Eighty-eight

Nine

Nineteen

Ninety

Ninety-nine

100以上：

255-twohundredandfifty-five

1000以上：

thousandmillionbillion

387967-threehundredandeighty-seventhousand,ninehundredandsixty-seven

Eg.7987654321的读法

4.2基数词的用法

1.表示时间或时刻

Halfpastfive

Twotwenty

2.表示年龄

Themanistwenty-twoyearsold.

3.表示编号或序号

Classfive.Pagefour

4.表示长、宽、高

基数词+单位词+long/wide/high

Twometerslong

5.当基数词与adj,n一起构成复合词，n用单数形式

Afive-hourmeeting

Asix-yearoldboy

6.表示不确定的年龄或年代要用几十的复数形式

Hebecameadoctorinhistwenties.

Shediedofcancerinherforties.

Itwasin1970s.

Eg.8Tony’smotherlooksyoung.It’shardtobelievethatsheisalreadyinher___.

A.fiftyB.fiftiethsC.fiftiesD.fiftieth

eg.9It’shardtoimaginehowChinesepeoplelivedin___（1960）.

Eg.10Howmanyhoursdoyoustudyeachday?

-About__hours.From19:

00to22:

00.

A.threesB.thirdC.thirdsD.three

5.序数词

5.1序数词的构成

1.特殊写法

Firstsecondthird

2.4-19以th结尾

Fourthfifthsixthtentheleventhtwelfth…

3.20-90之间的十位数将y改为ie再加th

Twenty-twenties

Thirty-thirties

4.除整十以外的21-99的十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词

第44

Forty-fourth

（基数词+序数词）

第66

Sixty-sixth

Eg.11Tomisthe___peopletobuythisticket.（88）

5.2序数词的用法

表示编号或序号

Thefirstlady

Thesecondfloor

表示“……岁生日”

Hiseighthbirthday

表示“……世纪“

Thetwentiethcentury

Eg.12Hegotlotsofpresentsonhis___birthdayparty.（18）

6.分数的构成和用法

6.1

Onethird

Twothirds

分子：

基数词

分母：

序数词

（当表示

可以用quarter/four）

Onequarter/forth

（注：

表示二分之一，a/onehalf）

动词的单复数取决于名词

Aboutthreefifthsoftheworkersarewomen.

Nearlythreefourthsoftheearthsurfaceiscoveredbywater.

Eg.13Doyouknowiftheyhavedonethework,Sarah?

-Yes,theyhavedone___oftheworkandtheywillfinishtherestthisweekend.

A.twothreeB.two-thirdC.two-thirdsD.twothrees

6.2

确切的数字概念

基数词+hundred

基数词+thousand

基数词+million

基数词+billion

不确切的数字概念

Hundredsof

Thousandsof

Millionsof

Billionsof

Eg.14___treeshavebeenplantedinourcitysincelastspring.

A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TwothousandsD.Twothousandsof

ExercisetwobyVicky

1.___manwithblackglassesismyhostfatherinBritain.

A.AnB.AC.TheD./

2.Lucycomesfrom___AfricancountryandJimcomesfrom___Europeancountry.

A.a;anB.an;aC./;anD./;a

3.Everybodyshouldplayapartinsaving____earth.

A.aB.anC.theD./

4.Mr.Smithis___oldmanandheusuallywalkshisdogafter___dinnner.

A.a;anB.a;/C.the;aD.a;the

5.PleaseturntoPage___andlookatthe___picture.

A.fifth;fiveB.five;fifthC.fifth;fifthD.five;five

6.Therearetwo___studentsinourschool

A.thousandB.thousandofC.thousandsofD.thousands

7.____ChinesemaketheirwaybackhomebeforetheSpringFestival.

A.MillionB.MillionsC.MillionsofD.Millionof

8.Thisisabigclass,and___ofthestudents____boys.

A.two-third;isB.two-thirds;areC.second-third;isD.second-thirds;are

9.Thenumberofcarsinourneighborhoodisabouteight___,and__ofthemarenewcars.

A.hundred;twothirdsB.hundred;twothird

C.hundreds;twothirdsD.hundreds;twothird

10.Whatdoyouknowaboutwaterskiing?

-Itis___excitingwatersport.

A.anB.aC.theD./