专题2冠词和数词.docx

1、专题2冠词和数词冠词和数词1. 不定冠词的用法1.1不定冠词包括a,an，它的基本用法如下1.在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前面。This is a book.2.指人或物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。A plane is a machine that can fly.3.泛指某人或物A young man is waiting for you.4.用于某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类”等。Therell be a strong wind in South China.5用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前A knife and fork(一把刀叉)6.“a+序数词”表示“又一、再一

2、”The cake is delicious and I would like a second one.7.用于表明比率、速度、价格等，有“每一”的意思，相当于everyFive lesson a week1.2 不定冠词a、an的区别a-用于辅音音素开头的单词前an-用于以元音音素开头的单词之前注：有些词虽然以辅音字母开头，但其前的不定冠词要用an,因为开头的辅音字母不发音。Half an hour, an honest person要注意区别以“u”开头的单词，当”u”发/的音时，单词前面用anAn umbrellaAn unhappy boy 当”u”发/ju:/音时，单词前面用aA

3、universityA useful tool1.3常见的词组A few/little/bit 一点儿Have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/restHave a cold 感冒Have a good timeIn a hurry匆忙For a while 一会儿Keep a diary 记一记Do sb a favor 帮助某人Eg.1 I have _ pet cat. It is so cute.A.a B.an C.the D./Eg.2 Tom want to study at _university in Europe, but hasnt d

4、ecided which ont to go to yet.A. an B.a C.the D./2.定冠词the的用法2.11.用于双方都知道的人或物前Give me the book, please.2.特指上文中提到的人或物。Do you know the girl in blue?3.表示世界上独一无二的事物。The moon moves around the earth.4.用在序数词，形容词最高级前面，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前面。The first lesson is very easy.He is the older of the two boys.5.用

5、在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩The Greens are watching TV now.6.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或物。The orange is orange.7.与某些形容词连用表示一类人We should help the old.8.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前The Great WallThe Summer Palace9.用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前I like playing the piano.2.2固定搭配In the morning/afternoon/eveningIn the daytimeIn the en

6、dAll the timeAt the same timeBy the wayAt the beginning of On the other side of In the middle ofAt the momentEg.3 Jack often play _piano and he plan to be a pianist.A.a B.an C.the D./Eg.4 Do you know _ man in black?-Yes, hes _ university teacher.A.the;a B./;the C.an;the D.the;an3.不用冠词（即使用零冠词）的情形1.u以

7、及pl表示泛指时Animals cant live without water.Horses are helpful animals.2.某些专有名词，如人名、地名、国家名等表示泛指时China is a great country.Mary lives in New York.3.名词前有指示代词，物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时Every student likes English in our class.4.在表示称呼或表示头衍的名词前This is Professor Cheng.5.在三餐、球类运动及学科名词前I went to school without breakfast thi

8、s morning.6.用在“专有名词+普通名词构成的表示街名、路名、山名的词前边Nanjing RoadHainan Island7.by与交通工具名词连用时By car by train;8.在节假日前Womens day Teachers day 2.3固定搭配Day and nightFace to face Side by sideStep by stepAt school/home/workIn dangerAt noon/night/dawnEg.5 Do you know _ boy over there?-Yes, he likes playing _basketball v

9、ery much.A. the;/ B. a;the C.the;an D./;theEg.6 Did you get there by _ bus?-No, I took _ bus.A. the;a B./;a C.a;/ D.the;/4. 基数词4.1 1-911-19整十整十之间oneElevenTenTwoTwelveTwentyTwenty-twoThreeThirteenThirtyThirty-threefourfourteenfortyForty-fourfivefifteenfiftyFifty-fivesixSixteenSixtySixty-sixsevenseven

10、teenseventySeventy-sevenEightEighteenEightyEighty-eightNineNineteenNinetyNinety-nine100以上：255-two hundred and fifty-five1000以上：thousand million billion387967-three hundred and eighty-seven thousand, nine hundred and sixty-sevenEg.7 987654321的读法4.2基数词的用法1.表示时间或时刻Half past five Two twenty 2.表示年龄The ma

11、n is twenty-two years old.3.表示编号或序号Class five. Page four4.表示长、宽、高基数词+单位词+long/wide/highTwo meters long5.当基数词与adj,n一起构成复合词，n用单数形式A five-hour meetingA six-year old boy6.表示不确定的年龄或年代要用几十的复数形式He became a doctor in his twenties.She died of cancer in her forties.It was in 1970s.Eg.8 Tonys mother looks youn

12、g. Its hard to believe that she is already in her _.A.fifty B.fiftieths C.fifties D.fiftietheg.9 Its hard to imagine how Chinese people lived in _(1960).Eg.10 How many hours do you study each day?-About _ hours. From 19:00 to 22:00.A. threes B. third C. thirds D.three5.序数词5.1序数词的构成1.特殊写法First second

13、 third2. 4-19 以th 结尾Fourth fifth sixth tenth eleventh twelfth3. 20-90之间的十位数将y改为ie再加thTwenty-twentiesThirty-thirties4.除整十以外的21-99的十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词第44Forty-fourth(基数词+序数词)第66Sixty-sixthEg.11 Tom is the _ people to buy this ticket.(88)5.2序数词的用法表示编号或序号The first ladyThe second floor表示“岁生日”His eighth birth

14、day表示“世纪“The twentieth centuryEg.12 He got lots of presents on his _ birthday party.(18)6.分数的构成和用法6.1One third Two thirds分子：基数词分母：序数词（当表示可以用quarter/four）One quarter/forth（注：表示二分之一，a/one half）动词的单复数取决于名词About three fifths of the workers are women.Nearly three fourths of the earth surface is covered b

15、y water.Eg.13 Do you know if they have done the work, Sarah?-Yes, they have done _of the work and they will finish the rest this weekend.A.two three B.two-third C.two-thirds D.two threes6.2确切的数字概念基数词+hundred基数词+thousand基数词+million基数词+billion不确切的数字概念Hundreds of Thousands ofMillions ofBillions ofEg.14

16、 _ trees have been planted in our city since last spring.A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. Two thousands D.Two thousands of Exercise two by Vicky1._ man with black glasses is my host father in Britain.A. An B. A C. The D./2.Lucy comes from _ African country and Jim comes from _ European country.A. a

17、; an B. an; a C./;an D./;a3.Everybody should play a part in saving _earth.A. a B.an C. the D./4.Mr. Smith is _ old man and he usually walks his dog after _dinnner.A. a; an B. a; / C. the; a D. a;the5.Please turn to Page _ and look at the _picture.A. fifth; five B. five; fifth C. fifth; fifth D. five

18、; five6.There are two _ students in our schoolA. thousand B. thousand of C. thousands of D. thousands7._Chinese make their way back home before the Spring Festival.A. Million B. Millions C. Millions of D. Million of8.This is a big class, and _ of the students _ boys.A. two-third; is B. two-thirds; a

19、re C. second-third; is D. second-thirds; are9.The number of cars in our neighborhood is about eight _, and _ of them are new cars.A. hundred; two thirds B. hundred; two thirdC. hundreds; two thirds D. hundreds; two third10.What do you know about water skiing?- It is _ exciting water sport.A. an B. a C. the D./