《构造地质学》习 题Structural geology exercises.docx
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《构造地质学》习题Structuralgeologyexercises
《构造地质学》习题(Structuralgeologyexercises)
"Structuralgeology"problemsets
Departmentofbasicgeologicalresearchinstituteofresources
Structuralgeologycoursegroup
Catalog
Aglossary,2
Two,todeterminetheproblem2
Three,4.
Four,askquestionsandbriefquestions7
Five,figure10
Aglossary
Geologicalstructure,tectonicgeology,tectonicscale,rockstrataoccurrence,occurrencefactors,trend,tendency,inclination,tendency,visualangle,angle,thickness,apparentthickness,theshapeof"V"principle,theintegrationofoutcropwidth,contactangle,unconformity,unconformity,parallelunconformity.Stress,principalstress,stressstate,stressfield,tectonicstressfield,stressellipsoid,strainellipsoid,deformation,uniformdeformation,inhomogeneousdeformation,strain,strain,strain,shearangle,conjugateshearruptureangle,shearstrain,shearstrain,progressivethedeformation,creep,relaxation,anticline,syncline,backtoshape,shape,hub,shaft,axis,slot,ridge,pitch,pitch,andtilt,synsedimentaryfolds,diapir,vault,basin,ejectivefoldWrinkle,troughlikefolds,detachmentstructure,buckling,transversebuckling,flexuralslip,bendflow,shearfolding,flexiblefolding,kinking,joints,joints,joints,joints,joints,longitudinaljoints,transversejoint,inclinedjointgo,joints,DIPjoint,obliquebeddingjoints,joints,longitudinaljoints,transversejoints,faults,slidingdistance,faultdistance,normalfault,reversefault,strikeslipfault,graben,Horst,hubfault,stepfault,imbricatefaults,rift,faulteffect,deepfracture.Synsedimentaryfault,scratches,step,ductilefault,Btypesubduction,Atypesubduction,thinskinnedstructure,cleavage,flowcleavage,fractureCleavage,slipcleavage,axialcleavage,lineation,stretchinglineation,stonemullions,sausagestructure,pencil.Maderodstructure,streamline,streamsurface,pillowstructure,columnarjoints,structuraldisplacement,superpositionfolds,structuralanalysis,structuralstyle,surfacestructure,tectoniccreep,landslide,thinfolds,fishtailwrinkle,impactstructure,impactoflava,hittheglass,suevite.
Two,todeterminetheproblem
1.undernormaltemperatureandpressureconditions,thetensilestrengthofrockissmallerthantheshearstrengthandcompressivestrength.
2.undernormaltemperatureandpressureconditions,thetensilestrengthofrockisgreaterthantheshearstrengthandcompressivestrength.
Astheangleof3.strataisalwaysgreaterthanthetruedip.
Theapparentdipstrataisalwayslessthan4.truedip.
5.thethicknessofrockreferstorockbetweenthetopandbottomsurfaceofthedistance.
6.rockthicknessreferstotheverticaldistancebetweenthetopandbottomsurfaceofrock.
7.determinetheangularunconformitymainlyfromsedimentaryandpaleontologicalaspects.
The8.partstratumrepresentsunconformitybetweentheupperandlowerageistwosetsofstratalackoftime.
9.totwolayersoforientation,knowtobeconvertedintothetendency.
10.totworangeofrock,
Knowthetendencycanbeconvertedto.
11.rockoutcroppingwidthisonlyrelatedtothethicknessofrock.
12.rockoutcroppingwidthisonlyrelatedtothethicknessofrockanditsoccurrence.
13.rockoutcropwidthdependsonthethicknessofrock,occurrence,andtherelationshipbetweentheoccurrenceoftheterrain.
14.whenthestratainclinationandslopeintheoppositedirection,therockbendingbendingdirectionofthedewlineandcontourlineonthecontrary.
15.whenthestratainclinationandslopeintheoppositedirection,therockbendingbendingdirectionofthedewlineandcontourofthesame.
16.whenthegroundstratainclinationandslopearethesame,andtheangleislargerthanrockslopeangle,rockbendingdirectionofthebendingdirectionofthedewlineandcontourlineopposite.
17.whenthegroundstratainclinationandslopearethesame,andtheangleislargerthanrockslopeangle,rockbendingdirectionandbendingdirectionofthedewlinecontourofthesame.
18.whenthegroundstratainclinationandslopearethesame,androckangleislessthanslopeangle,rockbendingdirectionandbendingdirectionofthedewlinecontourcontrast.
19.whenthegroundstratainclinationandslopearethesame,androckangleislessthanslopeangle,rockbendingdirectionandbendingdirectionofthedewlinecontourofthesame.
20.foldhingelinemustbethesamelevelfoldlayeronthehighestpoint.
Thehubis21.foldlinemaximumbendingpointofthesamelevelfoldonthelayer.
22.verticalplungingfoldiserect,axialtiltofthehubfold.
23.verticalplungingfoldaxisreferstoerecthub,plungingfold.
Twowingsand24.verticalfolds,onewingterranemusterect.
25.unconformitycontactrelationreferstotheupperandlowertwosetsofstratahaveobvioushiatus,andtwosetsofdifferentstratum.
26.angularunconformitycontactrelationreferstotheupperandlowertwosetsofstratahaveobvioushiatus,andtwosetsofdifferentstratum.
27.ofthetopwallofthefaulttoincreasedisk.
The28.stepistoindicatethedirectionofmovementofthesteepslopebystepwherethedisc.
The29.stepistosteepslopebyindicatingthedirectionofmovementofthedisc.
The30.stepfaultiscomposedofapluralityofreversefaultoccurrencetothesamefaultcombination.
The31.stepfaultiscomposedofapluralityofnormalfaultoccurrencetothesamefaultcombination.
32.imbricatefaultiscomposedofapluralityofreversefaultoccurrencetothesamefaultcombination.
33.imbricatefaultiscomposedofapluralityofnormalfaultoccurrencetothesamefaultcombination.
The34.iscausedbythelackofgroundfault.
The35.iscausedbyrepeatedfoldformation.
36.beddingfaultreferstothefaultoccurrenceandtheterrane.
37.beddingfaultreferstothefaultdipangleandtherock.
The38.foldaxisreferstosplitthewingsoftheplane.
Theoriginal39.intrusiverockrupturestructureisformedinthelaterdiagenesis.
40.structuralreplacementreferstoakindofrockafterprogressivedeformationreplacedbyanotherstructuralphenomenon.
Three,fillintheblanks
One
TheresearchobjectofstructuralgeologyisinV.S.v.S.orinstincts.
2.geologicalresearchshouldinclude1,1ofkinematicsandstructure,andthetectonicdevelopmentandevolutionoftheinstincts.
3.sedimentaryrockstratacanbeusedtodeterminethetopandthebottomsurfacesofprimarystructuresaremainly-twentymillionbirds,bytwentymillionbirds,twentymillionbirds,acrossfromtwentymillionbirds,crossfromtwentymillionbirds.
Theoccurrenceofthe4.elementsofrockincludingtwentymillionbirds,twentymillionbirdsandtwentymillionbirds.
5.rockoccurrencetypesincludingtwentymillionbirds,twentymillionbirds,twentymillionbirds,atwentymillionbirds.
6.whentherockslopeinclinationandtheopposite,outcroplineandterraincontourwastwentymillionbirdsbent,butthebendingdegreeofpedestrianstocrossfromthecontourlineofthecurvatureoftheoutcrop.
7.whenthedipdirectionandgroundslopeandthedipangleislessthanthesameslopeangle,rockoutcropandterraincontourlinewastwentymillionbirdsbent,butthebendingdegreeofpedestrianstocrossfromthecontourlineofthecurvatureoftheoutcrop.
8.whenthedipdirectionandgroundslopeandthedipangleisgreaterthanthesameslopeangle,rockoutcropandterraincontourlinewastwentymillionbirdsbent.
9.rockoutcropboundaryformrelationshipdependsonthe1,andV.S.two.
10.inclinedrockoutcropwidthdependsontherelationshipbetweentwentymillionbirds,atwentymillionbirds,twentymillionbirdsandthree.
11.accordingtothecausesofcontactbetweenstratacanbedividedintotwobasictypes,11.
12.unconformitycanbedividedintoand.
Theformingprocessistoacceptdowndeposited13.parallelunconformity.
Theformingprocessistoacceptdowndeposited14.angularunconformity.
The15.signofuncertainintegrationthereare,,,.
16.determinetheunconformityformationera,usuallytostratigraphicunconformityintheneweraisalayeroftwentymillionbirds,theoldagealayerofstratuminmorethantwentymillionbirds.
Fivewaysofrockdeformationfor17.,V.S.,V.S.v.S.,V.S.,highenergy
18.accordingtotheshapecanbedividedintotwobasictypes:
1andinstincts.
19.rockundertheactionofexternalforce,generallygothroughthreestagesofdeformation,and11.
20.whentherockshearrupture,includingangleofmaximumprincipalstressaxisconjugateshearrupturesurfacebetweenthe1sigmaquadrantcalled_____________.
21.shearanglerefersto-twentymillionbirdsandtwentymillionbirdswereincluded.
22.ofthemaximumprincipalstressaxisdirectionandtheanglebetweenthe1sigmashearrupturebetweensurfacesiscalled_______.
23.shearangledependsonthesizeoftwentymillionbirdsbysize.
24.theinternalfrictionangleofshalesandstonethanpedestrianstocrossfromtheshearangle,thenshalesandstonethantwentymillionbirds.
25.continuedatthesamepowerintheprocessofdeformation,
Ifthestrainstateofcontinuouschange,thisdeformationiscalled.
26.factorsaffectingthemechanicalpropertiesofrockandrockdeformation,hashighenergy,V.S.,V.S.v.s.
27.foldformisvaried,butthebasicformhastwokinds:
highenergyandV.s.
The28.mainelementsoffold,1,1,1v.S.,V.S.,highenergy
The29.foldhingelinemustbeonthesamelevel.Twentymillionbirdsweretwentymillionbirds.
30.inthetransverseplane,axialplaneaccordingtotheoccurrenceandtheoccu