高中英语 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans词汇讲解 新人教版选修9.docx
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高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans词汇讲解新人教版选修9
Unit2Sailingtheoceans
TeachingResources
Section3:
WordsandexpressionsfromUnit2
Sailingtheoceans
mercy
noun(pl.-ies)
1.[U]akindorforgivingattitudetowardssbthatyouus.Thetroopsareonamercymission(=ajourneytothewarzone.2.[C,usuallysing.](informal)aneventorasituationtobegratefulfor,usuallybecauseitstopssthunpleasant:
It’samercyshewasn’tseriouslygreatpain.
atthemercyofsbsthnotabletostopsbsthasituationthatmaycausethemtosufferortobetreatedbadly:
privatizedcompanieslefttothemercyofmarketforces(sb’smercy(formal)toputyourselfinasituationwhereyoumustrelyonsbtobekindtoyouandnoturbanlifestyle.
exploration
noun[C,U]
1.theactoftravellingthroughaplaceinordertofindoutaboutitorlookforsthinit:
theexplorationofspaceoilexploration(=searchingforoilintheground)2.anexaminationofsthinordertofindoutaboutit:
thebook’sexplorationsofthemind
accelerate
verb
1.toortomakesthfasterorearlierthanexpected:
[v]Inflationcontinuestoaccelerate.[vn]Exposuretothesuncanacceleratetheageingprocess.2.[v](ofavehicleorperson)tostarttogofaster:
Therunnersacceleratedsmoothlyaroundthebend.Thecaracceleratedtoovertakeme.
secure
adj.
HAPPYCONFIDENT
1.feeling:
Atlasttheywereabletofeelsecureaboutthefuture.Shefinishedthematch,secureintheknowledgethatshewasthroughtothenextround.
CERTAINSAFE
2.likelytocontinueorbesuccessfulforalongtime;safe:
asecurejobincomeIt’snotaverysecurewaytomakealiving.Thefutureofthecompanylookssecure.
3.~(againstfromsth)thatcannotbeaffectedormustbestoredsothatitissecurefromaccidentaldeletion.
BUILDINGDOORROOM
4.guardedandormadestrongersothatitisdifficultforpeopletoenterorleave:
Checkthatallwindowsanddoorsmadeassecureaspossible.asecureunitforchildoffendersThebuildingissecureagainstintruders.
FIRM
5.notlikelytomove,falldown,etc.;stable:
Theaerialdoesn’tlookverysecuretome.Itwasdifficulttomaintainasecurefootholdontheice.(figurative)Ourrelationshipwasnowonamoresecurefooting.
verb
GETSTH
1.~sth(forsbsth)|~sbsth(formal)toobtainorachievesth,especiallywhenthismeansusingalotofeffort:
[vn]tosecureacontractdealTheteammanagedtosecureaplaceinthefinals.Shesecured2.000votes.Thedelegation,vnn]Hesecuredaplacefor]~sth(tosth)toattachorfastensthfirmly:
Shesecuredtheropefirmlytothebackofthecar.Thetablesonboardweresecuredfirmlytothefloor.
PROTECTFROMHARM
3.[vn]~sth(againststh)toprotectsthsothatitissafeanddifficulttoattackordamage:
tosecureapropertyagainstintrudersThewindowsweresecuredwithlocksandbars.(figurative)asavingsplanthatwillsecureyourchild’sfuture
ALOAN
4.[vn]tolegallyagreetogivesbpropertyorgoodsthatareworththesameamountasthemoneythatyousecuredonthe]done,chosen,etc.withoutsbdecidinginadvancewhatisgoingto,orwithoutanyregularpattern:
therandomkillingofinnocentpeoplearandomsampleselection(=inwhicheachthingequalchanceofbeingchosen)Theinformationisprocessedinarandomorder.
noun
atrandomwithoutdecidinginadvancewhatisgoingto,orwithoutanyregularpattern:
Sheopenedthebookatrandom(=notatanyparticularpage)andstartedreading.Theterroristsfiredintothecrowdatrandom.Nameswerechosenatrandomfromalist.
awkward
adj.
1.makingyoufeelembarrassed:
Therewasanawkwardsilence.Ifeltawkwardbecausetheyobviouslywantedtobealone.2.difficulttodealwith:
Don’taskawkwardquestions.You’veputmeinanawkwardposition.anawkwardcustomer(=apersonwhoisdifficulttodealwith)Pleasedon’tbeawkwardaboutlettingyoubehavelikethat.3.notconvenient,inconvenient:
HaveIcomeatanawkwardtime?
4.difficultordangerousbecauseofitsshapeordesign:
Thisboxisveryawkwardforonepersontocarry.Thistoolwillreachintoawkwardcorners,suchasunderkitchenunits.5.notmovinginaneasyway;notcomfortable:
Hetriedtodance,butanawkwardposition—I’machingallover.
reference
noun
MENTIONINGSBSTH
1.[C,U]~(tosbsth)athingyousayorwritethatmentionssbsthelse;theactofmentioningsbsth:
ThebookisfullofreferencestogrowingupinIndia.Shemadenoreferencetoof)theendofthewar
LOOKINGFORINFORMATION
2.[U]theactoflookingatsthforinformation:
Keepthelistofnumbersnearthephoneforeasyreference.Iwrotedownthenameofthethefuture).Thelibrarycontainsmanypopularworksofreference(=referencebooks).
ASKINGFORADVICE
3.[U]~(tosbsth)(formal)theactofaskingsbfortreatminorinjurieswithoutreferencetoadoctor.
NUMBERWORDSYMBOL
4.[C](abbr.ref.)anumber,wordorsymbolthatshowswheresthisonamap,orwhereyoucanfindapieceofinformation:
ThemapreferenceisY4..Pleasequoteyourreferencenumberwhenmakinganenquiry.
FORNEWJOB
5.[C]aletterwrittenbysbwhoknowsyou,givinginformationaboutyourcharacterandabilities,especiallytoanewemployer:
Wewilltakeupreferencesaftertheinterview.
6.[C]apersonwhoagreestowriteareference,foryou,forexamplewhenyouareapplyingforajob:
Mypreviousbosswillactasareferenceforme.
INBOOK
7.[C]anoteinabookthattellsyouwhereaparticularpieceofinformationcomesfrom:
Thereisalistofreferencesattheendofeachchapter.
inwithreferenceto(formal)usedtosaywhatyouaretalkingorwritingabout:
WithreferencetoyourletterofJuly22...
verb[vn](formal)torefertosth;toprovideabook,etc.withreferences:
Eachchapterisreferenced,citingliteratureupto2004.
precise
adj.
1.clearandaccurate;exact:
precisedetailsinstructionsmeasurementsCanyougiveamoreprecisedefinitionoftheword?
Icanbereasonablypreciseaboutthetimeoftheincident.2.[onlybeforenoun]usedtoemphasizethatsthaparticularway:
Wewerejusttalkingabout,atthatprecisemoment,shewalkedin.Doctorsfounditaboutsthyou]tomakestheasiertodoorunderstand:
Theapplicationformssimplified.Iofthestoryforyoungchildren
portable
adj.thatiseasytocarryortomove:
aportableTVTheequipmentislightweight,portableandeasytostore.(figurative)aportableloanpension(=thatcanbemovedifyouchangebanks,jobs,etc.)portablesoftware
nounasmalltypeofmachinethatiseasytocarry,especiallyacomputeroratelevision:
Thekidsareupstairswatchingtheportable(=television).
shortcoming
noun[usuallypl.]afaultinsb’scharacter,aplan,asystem,etc.:
Shemademeawareofmyownshortcomings.Despiteanumberofshortcomings,theprojectwillstillgoahead.
update
verb[vn]
1.tomakesthmoremodernbyaddingnewparts,etc.:
It’sabouttimeweupdatedoursoftware.2.~sb(onsth)|~sthtogivesbthemostrecentinformationaboutsth;toaddthemostrecentinformationtosthbringuptodate:
Icalledtheofficetoupdatethemontheday’sdevelopments.Ourrecordsareregularlyupdated.
tendency
noun(pl.-ies)
1.[C]~(forsbsth)(todosth)|~(totowardssth)ifsbsthaparticularway:
todisplayartistic,etc.tendenciesII’mnervous.Thereisatendencyforthisdiseasetoruninfamilies.She.Thismaterialwashed.2.[C]~(forsbsth)(todosth)|~(totowardssth)anewcustomthatisstartingtodevelop:
Thereisagrowingtendencyamongemployerstoalargerpoliticalgroup,whoseviewsaremoreextremethanthoseoftherestofthegroup:
themilitanttendency
reliable
adj.
1.thatcanbetrustedtodosthwell;thatyoucanrelyon;dependable:
Wearelookingforsomeonewhoisreliableandcomesfromareliablesource.areliablewitnessHowreliablearethelocalweatherforecasts?
Thesetestsareareliableindicatoroffutureperformance.
swoop
verb[v]
1.[usually+adv.prep.](ofabirdorplane)toflyquicklyandsuddenlydownwards,especiallyinordertoattacksbsth;dive:
Theaircraftswoopeddownoverthebuildings.Asbsth)(especiallyofpoliceorsoldiers)tovisitorattacksbsthsuddenlyandwithoutwarning:
Officersswoopedonthevehiclesastheylefttheferry.
noun
1.anactofmovingsuddenlyandquicklythroughtheairinadownwarddirection,asabirddoesdive2.~(onsthsb)anactofarrivingsomewhereorattackingsthsbinawaythatissuddenandunexpected:
Largequantitiesofdrugswerefoundduringapoliceswooponthestar’sNewYorkwaspeckingatcrumbsontheground.Henspeckedaroundintheyard.[vn]Abirdthesack.Vultures]~sb(onsth)(informal)tokisssblightlyandquickly:
Hepeckedthecheekasrelationtooneanotheramongthemembersofagroup:
NewZealandisatthetopofthepeckingorderofrugbynations.tobefirstinthepeckingorder
peckatsthtoeatonlyaverysmallamountofamealbecauseyouarenot
noun
1.anorganizedjourneywithaparticularpurpose,especiallytofindoutaboutaplacethatisnotwellknown:
toplanleadgoonanexpeditiontotheNorthPole2.thepeoplewhogoonanexpedition:
ThreemembersoftheEverestexpeditionwerekilled.3.(sometimesyouwantorneedsth:
ashoppingexpedition
compulsory
adj.thatmustbedonebecauseofalaworarule:
Itiscompulsoryforallmotorcycliststowearschoolingcompulsoryredundancies
Survival
noun
1.[U]thestateofcontinuingtoliveorexist,oftendespitedifficultyordanger:
thestrugglebattlefightforsurvivalHisonlychanceofsurvivalwasatheseproductsisathreattothesurvivalofthespecies.2.[C]~(f