高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破一 Word版含答案.docx

高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破一 Word版含答案.docx

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高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三阅读理解第三步题型突破一Word版含答案

题型突破

（一）　细节理解之事实判断题

A

（2017·前黄高级中学一模）

DiscoveringTasmania

TheislandofTasmaniaisseparatedfrommainlandAustraliabytheBassStrait.Theislandisaplaceofnaturalbeautyandhasmorethan2,000kmofwalkingtracksand18nationalparks.Ifyougoonatour，you’lldiscoverawildandbeautifulplacewherethepeoplearefriendlyandthefoodisdelicious.Ifyoudon’tlikewalking，thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalsocombineyourtourwithfishing，sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.

OneofthemostincredibleplacestowalkisalongtheTarkinecoastwhichislocatedinthenorthwestofTasmania.It’ssuchawildandremoteareathatyoucaneasilycompleteyourwalkwithoutseeinganyoneapartfromthemembersofyourgroupandyourtwoguides.TheareacontainsthelargesttemperaterainforestinAustraliawhichishometomorethan50endangeredspecies.ItisalsohometomanyAboriginalHeritageSites.Yourguideswillprovideyouwithplentyofinformationabouttheareaasyoucompletethatpartofyourtour.Duringyourtour，you’llcomeacrossrivers，mountainranges，spectacularwaterfalls，wildlifeandlongwildbeaches.Itwillbeanexperienceyouwon’teasilyforget.

TourItinerary：

Day1：

You’repickedupfromyourhotelinthetownofLauncestonanddriventotheTarkine.Youthencompleteathree-hourwalkthroughtheforestbeforearrivingatyourcampatMysteryCreek.Thereyouwillenjoyadeliciousmealcookedbyyourguides.

Day2：

Afterbreakfast，youcontinuedeeperintotherainforest，passingsomeofthetallesttreesintheworldasyougo，andstoppingforlunchandthencampintheevening.

Day3：

Thehighlightoftoday’shikeistheTarkineFalls，abeautiful15-metrewaterfall.

Day4：

TodayyoucanstayatthecampandbatheintheTarkineFalls，oryoucangoforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsoftheforest.

Day5：

Afteralasthikethroughtheforest，youarepickedupatabout4：

00pmandyouarriveinLauncestonataround7：

00pm.

Thetourincludestwoprofessionalguides，transporttoandfromtherainforest，allfoodwhileonthetoursandallsafetyequipment.Youshouldbuyorhirerecommendedcampingequipmentincluding：

backpacks，sleepingbags，sleepmats，headtorches，raincoatsandtrousers.

语篇解读　文章介绍了塔斯马尼亚岛的概况及旅游路线和安排。

1．Atouristtotheislandcan.

A．cyclealongtheTarkinecoastandthroughtheforest

B．buyorhireasmuchcampingequipmentaspossible

C．goforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsonDay5

D．choosetomakeasailingtouroftheplaceforpleasure

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后两句“Ifyoudon’tlikewalking，thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalsocombineyourtourwithfishing，sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.”可知，如果你去了这个岛屿，你可以选择航行。

故选D。

2．Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A．peoplewillwalkhoursinallthefivedaysduringthetour

B．manyspeciesindangerareprotectedinthenationalparks

C．ittakesaboutthreehourstodrivefromLauncestontoTarkine

D．thetourprovidesguides，accommodationandsafetyequipment

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据Day5中的“Afteralasthikethroughtheforest，youarepickedupatabout4：

00pmandyouarriveinLauncestonataround7：

00pm.”可知，开车从Launceston到Tarkine，将花费大约三个小时的时间。

故选C。

B

（2017·江苏六校联考）

ThetreepeopleinTheLordoftheRings—theEnts—cangetaroundbywalking.Butforrealtrees，well，it’shardertouproot.“Becauseit’sasessileorganism，literally，rootedintotheground，itisunabletoleaveandgoelsewhere.”saysMarioPesendorfer，abehavioralecologistattheCornellLabofOrnithology.“Whenatreefirststartsgrowinginacertainarea，it’slikelythattheclimaticenvelope，sothetemperature，humidity，soilcompositionandsoonsuitsit，becauseitwouldotherwisebeunabletogrowfromaseedling.Butasitages，theseconditionsmaychangeandtheareaarounditmaynolongerbesuitableforitsoffspring.”

Andifthathappens？

Walnuts，hazelnuts，chestnuts，oaks，pines—manyrelyexclusivelyonso-called“scatter-hoarders”，likebirds，tomovetheirheftyseedstonewlocales.ManymembersofthefamilyCorvidae—thecrows，jaysandmagpies—arescatter-hoarders，meaningtheyliketostorefoodforthewinter，whichtheythensubsequentlyretrieve.

Ornot.Andwhentheydoforgetsomething，aseedlinghasachancetogrow，sometimesagooddistanceaway.TheClark’snutcracker，whichisfoundinalpineregionsofwesternNorthAmerica，isdefinitelytherockstaramongthescatter-hoardingcorvids.Theyhideupto100,000seedsperyear，upto30kilometersawayfromtheseedsource，andhaveaveryclosesymbioticrelationshipwithseveralpinespecies，mostnotablythewhitebarkpine.

Pesendorferandhiscolleaguescataloguetheseed-scatteringactivitiesoftheClark’snutcrackeranditscousinsinanewreviewpaper，inthejournalTheCondor：

OrnithologicalApplications.Theyalsowritethat，astreesoutgrowtheiridealhabitatsinthefaceofclimatechange，orbattlenewinsectsanddisease，theseflyingecosystemengineerscouldbeabighelpreplantingtrees.“It’sasolution，”Pesendorfersays，“that’sgoodforus—gettingbirdstodotheworkischeapandeffective—anditcouldgivevulnerableoaksandpinestheoptiontotruly‘makelikeatreeandleave’．”

语篇解读　本文主要阐述了鸟类可以帮助树木应对气候变化，实现迁移。

3．Accordingtothearticle，whatmakesbirdshelptreesmovefromoneplacetoanother?

A．Theywanttomaketheenvironmentbetterforsurvival.

B．Theywanttochangethetreesintoanotherkind.

C．Theywanttostorethenutsforwintersurvival.

D．Theyareforcedtohelptreestosurvive.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“...arescatter-hoarders，meaningtheyliketostorefoodforthewinter，whichtheythensubsequentlyretrieve.”和第三段中的“Ornot.Andwhentheydoforgetsomething，aseedlinghasachancetogrow，sometimesagooddistanceaway.”可知，鸟类贮藏种子过冬有助于树木的迁移。

故选择C。

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outgrow”inthelastparagraphmean?

A．Growinginabetterway.

B．Beingforcedtogiveup.

C．Makingchangesto.

D．Findingamysteriouswaytosurvive.

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。

根据画线词所在句中的“theiridealhabitatsinthefaceofclimatechange，orbattlenewinsectsanddisease...”及第三段中的“aseedlinghasachance...distanceaway”“upto30kilometersawayfromtheseedsource”可知，由于气候变化和鸟类在种子原产地之外的地方贮藏种子过冬，树木会在它们理想的生存环境之外生长，也就是说树木会被迫放弃它们理想的生存环境，故选B项。

5．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A．BirdsMayHelpTreesCopewithClimateChange

B．BirdsRelyonNutstoSurvive

C．TreesHelpFightAirPollution

D．BirdsMakeTreesinDanger

答案　A

解析　标题归纳题。

文章主要阐述了鸟类在帮助树木应对气候变化，实现迁移的过程中起到的作用，因此最佳标题为A。

C

（2017·溧阳竹箦中学检测）

DisappointedwithdelaysinSacramento（thecapitalofCalifornia），BayAreaofficialssaidThursdaytheyplannedtotakemattersintotheirownhandstoregulatetheregion’sgrowingpilesofelectronicwaste.

ASanJosecouncilwomanandaSanFranciscosupervisorsaidtheywouldproposenewlocalplansaimedatcontrollingelectronicwasteiftheCalifornialaw-makingbodyfailstoactontwobillsdelayedintheAssembly.TheyareamongagrowingnumberofCaliforniacitiesandcountriesthathaveexpressedthesameintention.

Environmentalistsandlocalgovernmentsareincreasinglyconcernedaboutthedangercausedbyoldelectronicdevicesandthecostofsafelyrecyclingthoseproducts.Anestimated6milliontelevisionsandcomputersarestockedinCaliforniahomes，andanadditional6,000to7,000computersbecomeoutdatedeveryday.Themachinescontainhighlevelsoflead（铅）andotherdangeroussubstances，andarealreadybannedfromCalifornialandfills.

AbillbySenator（参议员）ByronSherwouldrequireconsumerstopayarecyclingfeeofupto

30oneverynewmachinecontainingacathoderaytube.Usedinalmostallvideomonitorsandtelevisions，thosedevicescontainfourtoeightpoundsofleadeach.Thefeeswouldgotowardsettinguprecyclingprograms，providinggrantstonon-profitagenciesthatreusethetubesandrewardingmanufacturersthatencouragerecycling.

AseparatebillbyLosAngeles-areaSenatorGloriaRomerowouldrequirehigh-techmanufacturerstodevelopprogramstorecycleso-callede-waste.Ifpassed，themeasureswouldputCaliforniaattheforefrontofnationaleffortstomanagetherefuseoftheelectronicage.

Buthigh-techgroups，includingtheSiliconValleyManufacturingGroupandtheAmericanElectronicsAssociation，opposethemeasures，arguingthatfeesofupto

30willdriveconsumerstoonline，out-of-stateshops.

“Whatreallyneedstooccurisconsumereducation.Mostconsumersareunawarethey’renotsupposedtothrowcomputersinthedustbin，”saidRoxanneGould，vicepresidentofgovernmentrelationsfortheelectronicsassociation.

Computerrecyclingshouldbealocaleffortandpartofresidentialwastecollectionprograms，sheadded.Recyclingelectronicwasteisadangerousandspecializedmatter，andenvironmentalistsmaintainthestatemustsupportrecyclingeffortsandensurethatthejobisn’tcontractedtojunkdealerswhosendthepoisonouspartsoverseas.

“Thegraveyardofthehigh-techrevolutionisendingupinruralChina，”saidTedSmith，directoroftheSiliconValleyToxicsCoalition.HisgroupispushingforsomerefinementstoSher’sbillthatwouldpreventtheexportofe-waste.

语篇解读　本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的BayArea将制定自己的规定来治理电子垃圾。

6．HowwouldBayAreaofficialsdealwiththeproblemofe-waste?

A．Togetenoughsupporttopassthedelayedbills.

B．TopersuadethelawmakersoftheCaliforniaAssembly.

C．Tomakerelevantlocalregulationsbythemselves.

D．Toputpressureonmanufacturersofelectronicdevices.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“...theyplannedtotakemattersintotheirownhandstoregulatetheregion’sgrowingpilesofelectronicwaste.”可知当地政府将制定自己的规定来治理电子垃圾。

故选C。

7．WhatdothetwobillsdelayedintheCaliforniaAssemblybothc