10英语接本.docx

10英语接本.docx

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10英语接本

自学考试毕业论文

英语专业

论文题目：

Hemingway-thespokesmanof"LostGeneration"

作者：

准考证号：

指导教师：

2012年月日

Contents

CHAPTERONE.Acknowledgment...........................................................................1

CHAPTERTWO.Abstract..........................................................................................2

CHAPTERTHREE.Hemingwaythespokesmanof"LostGeneration"

.Introduction...............................................................................................................3

.AnalysisthecauseHemingwaytobeaspokesmanof“LostGeneration”..............3

A.thesocietybackground..........................................................................................4

a.amongtheworldwar

........................................................................................5

b.aftertheworldwar

...........................................................................................6

B.theexperience........................................................................................................7

a.heavylifehollowness.........................................................................................8

b.distinctivemoralrebelspirit...............................................................................9

CHAPTERFOUR.Conclusion...................................................................................10

Bibliography............................................................................................................11

Acknowledgment

MystudyattheCollegewillsooncometoanendand,atthecompletionofmygraduationthesis;IwishtoexpressmysincereappreciationtoallthosewhohaveofferedmeinvaluablehelpduringthefouryearsofmyundergraduatestudyhereatNanjingnormaluniversity.

Firstly,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomysupervisor,ProfessorTangXiaozhong,forhisconstantencouragementandguidance.Hehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withouthisconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.

Secondly,IshouldgivemyheartythankstoalltheotherfacultymembersoftheDepartmentofEnglishfortheirpatientinstructionsinvariouscoursesandtheirprecioussuggestionsformystudyhere.

Lastly,mythankswouldgotomybelovedfamilyfortheirlovingconsiderationsandgreatconfidenceinmeallthroughtheseyears.Ialsoowemysinceregratitudetomyfriendsandmyfellowclassmateswhogavemetheirhelpandtimeinlisteningtomeandhelpingmeworkoutmyproblemsduringthedifficultcourseofthethesis.

Abstract

ErnestHemingway1899-1961,aNobelPrizewinnerforliterature,isanAmericannovelistandshort-storywriter,burnedinOakPark,Ill.OneofthegreatAmericanwritersofthe20thcent.ThisarticleintroducestheinformationofHemingwayandthe"LostGeneration".Hemingwaywastoldasthespokesmanof"LostGeneration"..Italsodescribesthelifestyleandexperienceaboutemotionafterlosing,andsoon.ItalsoanalysesthereasonsthatwhyhebecomeaspokesmanThisarticleanalyzerthereasonfromtworespects.Firstisthesocialbackground;andsecondistheexperienceofHemingway.FinallyitalsomentionshowHemingwaygetoutofconfusion,andhislifeafterlosing.IhopethatpeopleinthelostgenerationlikeHemingwaycangetoutofconfusionandtrouble.

.KeyWords:

reasonsspokesmanwarsexperiencelostgeneration

摘要

欧内斯特海明威（1899-1961），诺贝尔文学奖的获得者，他是美国小说家和短篇小说家。

他是二十世纪美国伟大的作家之一。

本文主要介绍海明威和迷惘的一代的基本信息。

海明威被称为迷惘的一代的代言人，并且分析了海明威成为迷惘一代的代言人的原因以及迷惘之后的生活状态，感情经历等等。

本文从两个方面分析了原因，一方面是从社会背景；另一方面是从个人经历。

最后还提到了海明威怎样走出迷惘，以及迷惘之后的状态。

希望通过这篇论文能让我们这些同样处在迷惘的一代人，能够走出迷惘走出困境。

关键词：

原因代言人战争经历迷惘的一代

Hemingwaythespokesmanof"LostGeneration"

.Introduction

DuringWorldWarIheservedasanambulancedriverinFranceandintheItalianinfantryandwaswoundedjustbeforehis19thbirthday.Later,whileworkinginParisasacorrespondentfortheTorontoStar,hebecameinvolvedwiththeexpatriateliteraryandartisticcirclesurroundingCertitudeStein.

DuringtheSpanishCivilWar,Hemingwayservedasacorrespondentontheloyalistside.HefoughtinWorldWarIIandthensettledinCubain1945.In1954,HemingwaywasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature.

AfterhisexpulsionfromCubabytheCastroregime,hemovedtoIdaho.Hewasincreasinglyplaguedbyillhealthandmentalproblems,andinJuly,1961,hecommittedsuicidebyshootinghimself.

The"LostGeneration"isatermusedtorefertothegeneration,actuallyanagecohort,thatcameofageduringWorldWarⅠ.ThetermwaspopularizedbyErnestHemingwaywhouseditasoneoftwocontrastingepigraphsforhisnovel,"TheSunAlsoRises."InthatvolumeHemingwaycreditsthephrasetoGertrudeStein,whowasthenhismentorandpatron.ThisgenerationincludeddistinguishedartistssuchasErnestHemingway,F.ScottFitzgerald,T.S.Eliot,WaldoPeirce,AlanSeeger,andErichMariaRemarque.

.AnalysisthecauseHemingwaytobeaspokesmanof“LostGeneration”

A.thesocietybackground

Thetwentiethcenturybeganwithastrongsenseofsocialbreakdown.AseriesofwarsfoughtontheinternationalsceneduringthefirstpartofthecenturyweretoaffectthelifeofAmericansandtheirliterarywritings.AmongthemthetwoWorldWars,especiallytheFirstWorldWar（1914-1981）,becametheemblemofallwarsinthetwentiethcentury,whichmeantviolence,devastation,bloodanddeath.

Withallthesewarsthewholeworldhadundergoneadramaticsocialchange,atransformationformedordertodisorder.Despiteitsboomingindustryandmaterialprosperity,therewasasenseofuneaseandrestlessnessunderneath.Strikestookplaceinseveralbigcitiesbecauseofindustrialdepressionandunevendistributionofwealth;therateofunemploymentwentupduetotheoversupplyofgoods;farmersweredrivenofftheirlandowingtothepoorharvestofthecrops-allthisculminatedinthecollapseoftheStockMarketin1929,knownastheCrash,whichmarkedthebeginningofTheGreatEconomicDepressioninthe1930s.Besides,politicalcorruptions,organizedcrimes,thegrowthofradicallaborforce,andtheterroristdriveoftheKuKlueKlanmadeanalreadydisorderlyworldevenmoreturbulent.

Alongwiththechangesinthemateriallandscapecamethechangesinthenon-materialsystemofbeliefandbehavior.TheFirstWorldWarhadmadeabigimpactonthelifeoftheAmericanpeople.Theybecamelesscertainaboutwhatmightariseinthischangingworldandmorecynicalaboutacceptedstandardsofhonestyandmorality.Theideaof"seizetheday"or"enjoythepresent"waspervasive,asopposedtoplacingallhopeinthefuture.Youngpeople,backfromthewar,hadbriefaffairswithnursesorprostitutessothattheycouldgetridofboredom.Alsotheattitudetowardsexhadchanged.Insteadofthinkingofsexassomethingobsceneorwrong,people,especiallyyoungsters,gaveloosetotheirsexualdesire.Girlsworeshortskirts,smoked,drank,andwentaboutwithmen.Inaword,therewasadeclineinmoralstandardandthefirstfewdecadesofthetwentiethcenturywasbestdescribedasaspiritualwasteland.Thecensorofagreatcivilizationbeingdestroyedordestroyingitself,socialbreakdown,andindividualpowerlessnessandhopelessnessbecamepartoftheAmericanexperienceasaresultoftheFirstWorldWar,withresultingfeelingoffear,loss,disorientationanddisillusionment.

Therewasaspiritualcrisisinthisperiod,butafullblossomingofliterarywritings.ThemostrecognizableliterarymovementthatgaverisetothetwentiethcenturyAmericanliterature,orwemaysay,thesecondAmericanRenaissance,istheexpatriatemovement.WhentheFirstWorldWarbrokeout,manyyoungmenvolunteeredtotakepartin"thewartoendwars"onlytofindthatmodernwarfarewasnotasgloriousorheroicastheythoughtittobe.Disillusionedanddisgustedbythefrivolous,greedy,andheedlesswayoflifeinAmerica,theybegantowriteandtheywrotefromtheirownexperienceinthewar.AmongtheseyoungwriterswerethemostprominentfiguresintheAmericanliterature,especiallyinthemodernAmericanliterature.TheywerebasicallyexpatriateswholeftAmericaandformedacommunityofwritersandartistsinParis,involvedwithotherEuropeannovelistsandpoetsintheirexperimentationonnewmodesofthoughtandexpression.Thesewriterswerelaterlynamed'TheLostGeneration'byanAmericanwriter,GertrudeSteinisalsoanexpatriate.

a.amongtheworldwar

Whenthefirstworldwarbrokeout,thosewhohavebeenundera'patriotic'sloganinfluenceandrichromanticthoughtandadventureofAmericanyouth,withfull-heartedpassionforwar.Thewardestroyedthehumancivilization,anddestroyedthemoralandvaluesbasedonhumanitarianbasis.Goodvisionsuchasmomentsoffireworksdisplays,thepainofheartmoreintensethanphysicaltrauma.DuetothelimitationofthehistoryofEuropeandAmericaandwasnobleyounguniquewayofthinking,theydidn'tgotodeeplyreflectonhistoryandthecauseofminingtragedy,promotedthestateofreformandprogress,buttogolookingfortherootcauseddisasterfromthenaturallife.Thesepeopleontheonehandtryingtobecomehedonismtoreplacealreadydeadlyideal,ontheotherhandblindlyfumbledforthewaygetoutoflife.Hemingway'slifenineteenthcenturyandtwentiethcenturyaretheUnitedStatesdevelopmentperiodchangedfromcapitalismtomonopolycapitalism.Americahasthemostadvancedproductionequipmentandscientifictechnologyartoftheworld;Ontheotherhandthecontradictionbetweenbourgeoisieandtheworkingclasswassharp.Acenturybycomparison,people'sthoughts,spiritandlifewereproduced