八大时态讲解及练习.docx

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八大时态讲解及练习.docx

八大时态讲解及练习

英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式,下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述,其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。

一、一般现在时:

1.概念:

经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语:

always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,

3.基本结构:

动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)

4.否定形式:

am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:

把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6.例句:

.Itseldom(很少)snowshere.

Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

Actionspeakslouderthanwords.

6.动词第三人称单数变化规则

动词第三人称变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。

规则一、一般在词尾加-s。

如:

looks,puts.reads,sees,skis等。

规则二、以-o,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es。

如:

goes,does,misses,passes,mixes,fixes,pushes,wishes,watches,teaches,等。

规则三、以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es。

注意一定是辅音字母加y才变,若是元音字母加y,则直接加-s。

如:

fly→flies,try→tries,fry→fries,copy→copiesbuy→buys,enjoy→enjoys,play→plays,say→says,pay→pays

二、一般过去时:

1.概念:

过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语:

ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.

3.基本结构:

be动词;行为动词

4.否定形式:

was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:

was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。

6.例句:

Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.

Ididn'tknowyouweresobusy.

 

三、现在进行时:

1.概念:

表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语:

now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.

3.基本结构:

am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式:

am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句:

把be动词放于句首。

6.例句:

Howareyoufeelingtoday?

Heisdoingwellinhislessons.

四、过去进行时:

1.概念:

表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语:

atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构:

was/were+doing

4.否定形式:

was/were+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句:

把was或were放于句首。

6.例句:

AtthattimeshewasworkinginaPLAunit.

Whenhecamein,Iwasreadinganewspaper.

五、现在完成时:

1.概念:

过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语:

recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.

3.基本结构:

have/has+done

4.否定形式:

have/has+not+done.

5.一般疑问句:

have或has。

6.例句:

I'vewrittenanarticle.

Ithasbeenrainingthesedays.

六、过去完成时:

1.概念:

以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语:

before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.

3.基本结构:

had+done.

4.否定形式:

had+not+done.

5.一般疑问句:

had放于句首。

6.例句:

Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.

Bytheendoflastmonth.Wehadreviewedfourbooks

七、一般将来时:

1.概念:

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语:

tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.

3.基本结构:

am/is/are/goingto+do;will/shall+do.

4.否定形式:

was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:

be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

6.例句:

Theyaregoingtohaveacompetitionwithusinstudies.

Itisgoingtorain.

补充说明:

1.有些词如:

go(去),come(来),leave(离开),start(开始)用现在进行时表示将来时.

例如:

(1)Sheiscomingheretomorrow.

她明天将要来这儿.

(2).Whenareyouleavinghere?

你什么时间将要离开这儿?

2."Begoingto+动词原形+..."表示一个事先考虑好的意图,,相当于文中的"打算,计划,准备"

例如:

(1).IamgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing.(这里不能用will)

我打算在北京度假.

(2).Whereareyougoingtospendyourholiday?

你将要到哪儿度假?

3.客观难以改变的事实,用will,而不用begoingto.

例如:

(1).Itwillraintomorrow.

明天将要下雨.

(2).ItwillbeTeachers'Daythedayaftertomorrow.

后天将是教师节.

(3).Mybirthdaywillcome.

我生日将要到了.

八、过去将来时:

1.概念:

立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语:

thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.

3.基本结构:

was/were/goingto+do;would/should+do.

4.否定形式:

was/were/not+goingto+do;would/should+not+do.

5.一般疑问句:

was或were放于句首;would/should提到句首。

6.例句:

HesaidhewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

Iaskedwhowasgoingthere

 

一般现在时态练习巩固

1.写出下列动词的三单形式

go__________catch_________brush(刷)_____

wash___________do________like________

have___________watch________drink___________

fly___________say_______learn___________

eat___________read___________sing___________

buy__________study_______stay__________

make__________look____pass__________

carry__________come__________plant(种植)______

teach_______buy__________

2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.Weoften___________(play)intheplayground.

2.He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.

3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.

4.What________(do)heusually______(do)afterschool?

5.Danny_______(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.

6.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.

7.Ateightatnight,sheoften__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.

8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?

9.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?

10.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?

3.选择题

()1.I________toschoolat7:

00inthemorning.

A.goB.goingC.goes

()2.They_______bookseverydayinthelibrary.

A.readsB.readC.reading

()3.Themonkey________eatingbananasverymuch.

A.likeB.likesC.liking

()4.Myfather________toreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.

A.likeB.likesC.liking

()5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymother_________likeit.

A.don’tB.doesn’tC.does

()6.____________yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?

A.doB.areC.does

()7.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.

A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train

()8.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.

Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets()9.WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.

Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDlikinglisten()10.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.

AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied

4.改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)

1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?

__________________

2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?

__________________

3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________

4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________

5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________

5.把下列句子变成一般疑问句(并作肯定和否定回答)、否定句

例:

Ilikecooking.

→Doyoulikecooking?

Yes,Ido.

No,Idon't.

Idon'tlikecooking.

1.Myfriendslikeplayingsoccer.

2.TheyspeakEnglisheveryday.

3.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening

4.JohnisfromCanada.

5.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.

6.Mydogrunsfast.

7.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.

8.Shecanplaythepianowell.

 

一般过去时态巩固练习

1、单项选择

()1.Myfather______illyesterday.

A.isn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't

()2.______yourparentsathomelastweek﹖

A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were

()3.Thetwins______inDalianlastyear.They______herenow.

A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was

()4.______yourfatheratworktheday_____yesterday(

前天)﹖

A.Was;beforeB.Is;beforeC.Was;afterD.Is;after

()5.—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖—______.

A.IamB.IwasC.Yes,IwasD.No,Iwasn't

()6.Icleanedmyclassroom___________.

A.withthreehoursB.threehoursagoC.inthreehoursD.threehoursbefore

()7.Icame_______myhousetwodaysago.

A.backonB.backtoC.tobackD.back

()8.___________?

Hedidsomereadingathome.

A.Whatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayevening

B.Whatdoesyourbrotherdointheschool

C.Whatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekend

D.WheredidyourbrothergolastSunday

()9.Whatdidyoudo________?

Iwenttothemovies.

AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday

()10.Thekoalasleeps_______,butgetsup_________.

A.duringtheday;attheeveningB.atdayduringnight

C.inthedayduringtheeveningD.duringthedayatnight

2、请用正确动词形式填空

1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.

2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?

No,she_________.

3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?

He________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.

4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.

5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.

She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.

6.When________you_________(write)thissong?

I__________(write)itlastyear.

7.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.8.________Mr.Li__________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?

Yes,he_________.

9.How_________(be)Jim'sweekend?

It_________(benot)bad.

10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?

No.she__________.

3、翻译下列句子

1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

I______________________________________excitingweekend.

2.Jenny喜欢看书。

昨晚她看了一本英语书。

Jennylikes___________________.She_________anEnglishbooklastnight.

3.Emma每天都看电视。

可是昨天他没有看。

Emma__________TVeveryday.Buthe_________________________yesterday.

4.上周六他们做什么了?

他们做作业和购物了。

What________they__________________Saturday?

They___________________homeworkand___________________.

5.今天早上方方得做饭,因为他父亲不在家。

ThismorningFangfang________________becausehisfather______________yesterday.

6.你还有什么要说的?

What_______wouldyoulike______________?

7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。

Don’tforget___________________________theteacher.

8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视?

Why_______you_______TVlastnight?

9.他在打扫教室的时候,发现地上有块表。

Whenhe______theclassroom,he______awatchontheground.

10.他什么时候出生的?

1980年。

---When_______he_______?

---_______1980.

4、改写句子

1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.(改否定句)

Lucy_______________herhomeworkathome.

2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句)

___________he_____________________meatinthefridge?

3、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.(变一般疑问句)

_______there_______orangeinthecup?

4.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一般疑问句)

_______Frank_______aninterestingbookabouthistory?

5.Whynotgooutforawalk?

(同义句)

_______________________outforawalk?

6.ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.(否定句)

Thomas___________RMB10onthisbook.

7.Myfami

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