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l8v

Lesson8“we’reonlyhuman”

Vocabulary:

Absorbing:

Absorb:

1．ifsomethingabsorbsaliquidorgas,itsoaksitupordrawsitin.吸收（液体，气体）=soakup

e.g.Leatherglovesarebestbecausetheyabsorbsweat.

2．ifyouabsorbsomethingsuchasinformationorfacts,youlearnandunderstandit.理解，掌握=takein，digest

e.gIhadjustabouttimetoabsorbthisinformation.我还有一点时间，来得及了解一下这条消息。

3．ifsomethingabsorbssomeone,itintereststhemverymuchandtakesupalotoftheirtimeandenergy.吸收，使专心,使全神贯注

e.g.IwasutterlyabsorbedinwhatIwasdoing.我全心投入手头的工作。

absorptionn.

ifyouhaveabsorptioninsomething,youaresointerestedinit=fascination

altruistic:

ifyoubehaiourormotivesarealtruistic,youshowconcernforthehappinessandwelfareofotherpeopleratherthanforyourown.=unselfish[antonym]self-centered

e.g.Myinvitationisnotcompletelyaltruistic.我的邀请并非完全是为了他人着想的。

ampleadj.

1.morethanenoughinsizeorscopeorcapacity[synonym]：

spacious,sufficient

e.g.Thehousehasanampleparlor（客厅）.

2.affordinganabundantsupply[synonym]：

copious,plentiful,rich,abundant

e.g.Existingingreatquantityoramplesupply.

e.gAmplesunshineandrainfallarebringingthecropsonnicely.

e.g.Wehaveampletime.

anamplereward/ampleevidence/amplefoodfortheparty

3.fairlylarge[synonym]：

sizeable

anamplewaistline（腰围）/ampleproportions

aptadj.

1.atriskoforsubjecttoexperiencingsomethingusuallyunpleasant

[synonym]：

liable

e.g.Heisapttoflyoutinarage.

Heisacleverboybutapttogetintomischief（恶作剧）.

Ironisapttorust.铁易生锈

It'sapttorainthisafternoon. 

2.mentallyquickandresourceful[synonym]：

clever

e.g.Heisaveryaptstudent. .

3.（usuallyfollowedby`to'）naturallydisposedtoward[synonym]：

inclined

e.g.Heisapttoignoremattersheconsidersunimportant

4.beingofstrikingappropriatenessandpertinence适当的

[synonym]：

apposite,appropriate,pertinent

e.g.anaptreply

brute：

1.abruteisaroughandinsensitiveman,especiallyonewhohasatendencytobehaveviolently.残忍的人，粗野的人[synonym]：

beast

e.g.Goheadandhitme,youbigbrute.上来动手打吧，你这个蛮不讲理的家伙。

2．brutestrengthorforceiscompletelyphysicalandinstinctive,likethatofananimal.身体的，肉体的，本能的

e.g.Wewillneveryieldtobruteforce.我们绝不屈服于暴力。

3．Bruteisusedtodescribesomethingwhichlackshumanintelligence.没有理性的[synonym]：

mindless

e.g.Hewasasymbolofbrutestupidity.他是愚蠢无理性的象征。

conceptn.

anabstractorgeneralideainferredorderivedfromspecificinstances[synonym]：

conception,construct（n.构想，v.建造）

e.g.Itisdifficulttograsptheconceptofinfinitespace（无限的空间）.

Icannotunderstandthesoabstractconcept.

Thisconceptisattheverycoreofhertheory.

Whooriginatedtheconceptofstereosound?

 谁首先想出了立体声的概念？

Commitment：

1．Commitmentisastrongbeliefinanideaorsystem,especiallywhenitisshownbyyouractionsandbehavior.信奉，忠诚，奉献

e.g.Thereisnodoubtinghisenthusiasmorhiscommitment.

2．acommitmentissomethingwhichtakesupsomeofyourtime,becauseofagreementsthatyouhavemadeorresponsibilitiesthatyouhave.承诺，承担的义务

3．afirmpromiseoragreement承诺，许诺

conformv.conformityn.conformist墨守成规的人

1.ifsomethingconformstoorconformswithalaw,regulation,wishetc,itisofthetypeorqualitythatisrequiredordesired.符合，遵照（法律，规则，愿望等）[synonym]：

comply（with）遵守

e.g.Everyhomeshouldhaveafireextinguisher（灭火器）whichconformswithBritishStandards.

Acomputerthatconformstothemanufacturer'sadvertisingclaims.

Hisideasdonotconformtomine.

Hedoesn'tconformtotheusualstereotypeofthecitybusinessmanwithadarksuitandrolledumbrella.

2.ifyouconformtoorconformwithanidealorfashion,youbehave,think,ordressinawaythatisdecidedbytheidealorfashionratherthanbyyourownchoice遵从，顺应（理想，时尚等）[synonym]：

correspondto[antonym]conflictwith

e.g.Sheisawomanwhoconformstothecurrentideal.她是个顺应当前理想的女人

Sherefusedtoconformtothenormalsocialconventions.

Shelefthometoescapethepressuretoconformtoherfamily'swayoflife.

connivev.

1.secretlyallow（somethingconsideredimmoral,illegal,orharmful）tooccur默许，纵容

e.g.Theprisonerspaidtheguardstoconniveattheirescape.

e.g.Godcannotalterthepast;thatiswhyheisobligedtoconniveattheexistenceofhistorian.

2.conspiretodosomethingconsideredimmoral,illegal,orharmful共谋，阴谋

[synonym]：

scheme,intrigue

e.g.Thegovernmenthadconnivedwithsecurityforcesinpermittingmurder.政府与安全部队暗中勾结默许谋杀。

contortv.

twistandpressoutofshape扭曲，曲解[synonym]：

deform,distort,

e.g.Herfacecontorted/wascontortedwithpain.

derivev.

1.reasonbydeduction;establishbydeduction推知[synonym]：

deduce,infer,

e.g.deriveaconclusionfromfacts.

2.obtain[synonym]：

gain

e.g.Theyderivedgreatcomfortfromthisassurance.

derivepleasurefromone'sgarden

3.arisefromororiginatein（aspecifiedsource）源自，来源于[synonym]：

stem

Thepresentnamederivesfromanolderform

devastatev.

1.destroyorruinsomething[synonym]：

laywasteto,ravage,

e.g.OurEmbassy（使馆）wasdevastatedbythreebombsofNATO.

2.cause（someone）severeandoverwhelmingshockorgrief使（某人）震惊（或极度悲伤）

e.g.Iwasdevastatedbythenewsofthewreck.

Shewasdevastatedbyhisdeath.

discreetadj.

1.carefulandcircumspectinone’sspeechandaction,especiallyinordertoavoidcausingoffenceortogainanadvantage（言行）谨慎的，慎重的,周到的

e.g.Itwasnotdiscreetofyoutosaythat.

I'llcertainlybemostdiscreetinmyconversation.

Bemorediscreetoryou'llgetyourselftalkedabout.

2.intentionallyunobtrusive不显眼的，不引人注意的[synonym]：

inconspicuous

e.g.adiscreetcough轻咳

disregardv.

1.paynoattentionto,ignore不顾，忽视[synonym]：

snub冷落

e.g.Thebodyofevidenceistoosubstantialtodisregard.证据的主要部分太充实了，不容忽视。

Shedisregardedhimatthemeeting.

Disregardingallthedifficulties,wearrivedhereintime. 

disregardpettyannoyancesDisregardthenoiseandkeepworking.

n.theactionordisregardingorignoringsomething

e.g.blatantdisregardforthelaw对法律的公然漠视

Heshowsruthlessdisregardforotherpeople'sfeelings.漠不关心

Theofficialhasshownatotaldisregardfortheneedsofthepoor.

empathyn.

theabilitytounderstandotherpeople’sfeelingsandproblems同感，共鸣，同情

flavorn.

1.thedistinctivequalityofaparticularfoodordrinkasperceivedbythetastebuds口味，滋味

e.g.ThecrispscomeinPizzaandbarbecueflavors这些土豆片有比萨和烧烤两种口味

同义词：

spirit,tone,feel,feeling,look,smell

2.[insingular]figurativeadistinctivequalityofsomething,especiallyonereminiscent（回忆往事的）ofsomethingelse（喻）（令人想起其他东西的某种事物的）特质，…味

e.g.thisyear’sseminar（研讨会）haveaEuropeanflavor具有欧洲特色

3．[insingular]figurativeanindicationoftheessentialcharacterofsomething特点，风味，韵味

4．（AmericanEnglish）调味料，调味

5．Verbalterorenhancethetasteof（foodordrink）byaddingaparticularingredient给（食物）调味

e.g.Theyuseawiderangeofspicestoflavortheirfoods

forgen.forgery

1）ifyouforgemetal,especiallyiron,oryouforgeanobjectoutofmetal,youheatthemetal,andhammerandbenditintotheshapeyouwant.锻造

2）ifyouforgesomething,especiallyanallianceorrelationship,youcreateitwithalotofhardwork,hopingthatitwillbestrongorlasting.建立（联盟或关系）

e.g.Weneedtoforgeanalliancebetweenthemandtheworkers.我们需要在他们和工人之间缔造一种联盟关系。

3）ifyouforgemoney,documents,paintings,etc.,youcopythemormakethemsothattheylookgenuineinordertodeceivepeople.伪造（货币、文件、油画等），仿造（真品）

e.g.Ilearnthowtoforgesomeoneelse’ssignature.…假冒别人的签字。

forgov.

1.omitordeclinetotake（somethingpleasantorvaluable）,gowithout放弃，抛弃（舒适或有价值的事物）

e.g.Shewantedtoforgotheteaandleavewhiletheycould.她想不喝茶，在他们还有可能里开时离开。

Theworkersagreedtoforgoapayincreaseforthesakeofgreaterjobsecurity.

forgopleasuresforgoanopportunity

2．Refrainfrom克制自己不做

e.g.Weforgoanycomparisonbetweenthetwomen.我们克制自己不在两人之间做任何比较。

grapplen.

1.ifyougrapplewithsomeone,youtakeholdofthemandstrugglewiththem,aspartofafight.扭打，格斗[synonym]：

wrestle

e.g.Wegrappledwithhimandtookthegunsfromhim.

2.Ifyougrapplesomeone,youseizethemandholdthemclosetoyouwithastronggrip:

usedinAmericanEnglish.抓牢，紧紧抓住

e.g.Shegrappledmeagain.

3.ifyougrapplewithaproblemordifficulty,youtryhardtosolveit.努力解决（问题）=struggle

e.g.Igrappledwiththismoraldilemma.我拼命想摆脱这一道德上进退两难的困境。

initiativen.

1．Aninitiativeisanimportantact,action,orstatement,whichisseenasanattempttosolveaproblemortogetsomethingdone.主动的行动，倡议

e.g.Youseemtobecriticalofthechairman’spoliticalinitiatives.你似乎在批评主席提出的政治倡议。

2．Ifyouhavetheinitiative,youareinapositionofsuperiorityoradvantageoveranotherpersonorgroup,andsoyouhavethepowertomakedecisionsortocontrolhoworwhensomethinghappens.主动权

e.g.Itwasevidentthathehadrecoveredtheinitiative.显然，他又掌握了主动权

3．Ifyoutaketheinitiativeinasituation,youarethefirstpersontodosomethingimportantortomakethefirstmove.采取主动，首先采取行动

e.g.ThePrimeMinisterwasawareofthisandintheautumntooktheinitiativebypromisinglegislationtointroducebetterhousing.首相意识到这一点，在秋天即采取主动，许诺制定法律以实施改善住房的计划。

Initiate：

1．Ifyouinitiatesomething,youstartitorcauseittohappen.创始，发起，开始实施

e.g.Thesecountrieshaverecentlyinitiatedsomeimprovementsintheirdefensesystems.这些国家最近开始着手对他们的防务系统作些改进。

2．a.Ifyouinitiatesomeoneintosomething,youintroducethemtoaparticularskill把（知识）传授给某人

e.g.Patwantedtoinitiatehissonintofishing.

b.youallowthem