雅思写作完全攻略 Total Solution of IELTS Writing上海新东方.docx

雅思写作完全攻略 Total Solution of IELTS Writing上海新东方.docx

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雅思写作完全攻略TotalSolutionofIELTSWriting上海新东方

雅思写作完全攻略

TotalSolutionofIELTSWriting

俞伟国

－2009－

雅思考试作文部分题型

题型

分值

字数要求

建议时间

小作文

图表作文（Report）

1/3

>150words

20mins

大作文

议论文（Essay）

2/3

>250words

40mins

课时安排：

MarkingSystem

EssayWriting

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Structure

ReportWriting

近年雅思考试中国大陆考区作文部分得分情况（FromMatClark）

Band4orbelow:

15%-20%Band5:

60%Band6:

15%-20%Band7:

<5%Band8orabove:

Rare

KeyLanguageFeaturesinMarkingSystem

TaskResponse:

1.Noevidenceofdigression/irrelevantcontent

2.AdequateWords

3.Position+SupportingIdeas+Development

CoherenceandCohesion

1.Logicaloverallstructure

2.TopicSentence

3.Cohesivedevices

LexicalResource

1.Accurateness

2.AuthenticVocabulary（Less-commonVocabulary）

3.Variety

GrammaticalRangeandAccuracy

1.Accurateness

2.ComplexSentence

3.Variety

ChapterOne－EssayWriting

第一章.议论文完全攻略

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

PartOne－Introduction

－闪亮开篇－

－Version5.7－

StructureofIntroduction

1.BackgroundInformation

（1）.Lead-inSentence（Introducethesubjectofthetopic）

（2）.PublicOpinion

2.Statement（Stateyourposition）

1．主体背景（BackgroundInformation）

（1）Inthelastcentury,thefirstmanwalkingonthemoonsaid:

“Itisabigstepformankind”.However,somepeoplethinkitmadelittledifferencetopeople’slives.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

（2006.4.8）

______________________________,when________________________________________________________________

forthefirsttime,he_____________________________________________________thatitwasagreatstepformankind.Nowadays,however,somepeoplebelievethatitactually_____________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase方法之一－具体化（笼统概念－缩小范围）

（2）Foodcanbeproducedmuchmorecheaplytodaybecauseofimprovedfertilizersandbettermachinery.However,somepeoplethinkthemethodsusedtodothismayhavenegativeeffectsonlocalcommunitiesandbedangeroustohumanhealth.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

（2005.2.5）

Nowadayspeoplecan_______________foodfarmore________________________________________more_______________fertilizersandmachinery.Nevertheless,somepeopleholdthemethodsusedmay____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase方法之二－单词转换（优先考虑三大词类：

）

Paraphrase方法之三－句型转换（方法1）

（方法2）

（3）Manypeoplesayteachersshouldonlyteachstudentsacademicsubjects；Otherssayteachersshouldalsotaketheresponsibilityofteachingstudentstojudgewhatisrightandwrong.Discussthebothviewpointsandgiveyourownopinion.（2006.3.18）

Somepeopleholdtheopinionthat_______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Whilesomearguethat_________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

句型转换（方法3）

（4）Somepeoplebelievethatairtravelshouldbeprohibitedasitusesupfuelresourcesandcausespollution.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement?

Youshoulduseyourownexperiencetosupportyourargument.（2006.2.18）

Accordingtosome__________,airtravelshouldbe_________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase思路顺序：

单词转换>句型转换>具体化

（5）Somepeoplebelievethatscientificresearchshouldbeconductedbythegovernmentratherbyprivatecompanies.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

（2005.12.10）

Somepeopleproposethat______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

句型转换（方法4）

（6）.Inmodernsociety,therearemoreandmoreoldpeople,doyouthinkitsbenefitsoutweighitsdisadvantages?

（2006.2.12）

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

信息量偏少的TopicIntroduction写作对策

追根溯源法－Factor（s）[因]－Phenomenon（Subject）[果]

2.总论点（Statement）

Topic－Ifchildrenbehavebadly,shouldtheirparentsacceptresponsibilityandalsobepunished?

AverageExample：

Inmyopinion,theparentsshouldnotbepunished.

DecentExample：

Inmyopinion,theparentsshouldnotbepunishedexceptthat（unless）theyarethosewhopurposefullyteachthechildtobehavebadly.

Topic－Somepeoplethinkthatitisbeneficialforstudentstogotoprivatesecondaryschools.Butothersfeelthatithasnegativeeffectsonthem.Discussthebothviewpointsandgiveyouropinion.（2006.6.24）

Frommypointofview,itisanidealchoicetosendchildrentoprivatemiddleschools______________________________

Exercise1:

Topic－Shouldcollegestudentsbeallowedtogetmarried?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

句型转换（方法5）

Exercise2:

Topic－Shouldcollegestudentsbeencouragedtotakeuppart-timejobs?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

句型转换（方法6）

3.Report－Introduction写作对策

Fartoolittlehasbeendonetopreventanimalsandplantsfromdyingoutwhilepeoplehavenoticedthisproblemforalongtime.Whypeopledolittleactionaboutit?

Giveyoursuggestionsonhowtosolvethissituation.（2005.12.3）

Today,thephenomenonthat____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________hasarousedgrowingconcern.

Inmyopinion,alotoffactorscontributetotheproblemandinthisarticle,Iwouldliketo___________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

*Thisphenomenon,asfarasIamconcerned,canbeattributedtothefollowingcauses,whichcouldberegardedastheappleofdiscord.

StructureofReportIntroduction

1.Lead-inSentence（Paraphrasethefirstsentenceinthetopic）

2.PlanA:

EssayStatement

PlanB:

LinkingSentence

Exercise1:

Thedevelopmentoftechnologiesiscausingenvironmentalproblems.Somepeoplebelievethatthesolutionisforeveryonetoadoptasimplerwayoflifewhileotherssaythattechnologiescansolvetheseproblems.Discussthebothviewpointsandgiveyourownopinion.（2009.2.12）

Exercise2:

Topic－Pressureontheschoolanduniversitystudentsisincreasingandstudentsarepushedtostudyhardwhentheyareyoung.Doyouregardthephenomenonaspositiveornegative?

（2005.4.2）

Exercise3:

Topic－Today,inmanycountries,thereisinsufficientrespecttooldpeople.Whatarethereasons?

Whatproblemsitmightcause?

（2006.7.8）

欢迎光临俞老师的BLOG:

PartTwo－Body

－中流砥柱－

－Version6.5－

分论点的要求：

1.字数要求：

Onecomplexsentencepreferred.Around20words.

2.分论点四项基本原则：

（1）.内容原则：

分论点应该体现为一种_____________________________并且与总论点为_________________关系。

Example:

Topic-Transnationalmarriage

Statement：

Theproblemsthattransnationalmarriagemaybringaboutgreatlyoutweighitsbenefits.

SupportingIdea：

Marriageshouldbebasedontruelove.（X）

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

因果关系高分句型－主语，+非限制性定语从句（描述主语特性/因），+谓语（+宾语）（由主语特性所导致的effect/果）

（2）.语言原则:

分论点的语言要求简洁概括的书面语。

Example:

Topic-Raisingpets

①Ifweraisepets,wemustspendalotoftimetotakecareofthemandwealsohavetospendalotofmoneytofeedthem,soit’snotgood.（X）

②________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

（3）.构思原则:

分论点应该具有实质性的具体内容，避免使用大而空泛的概念。

Example:

Topic-Globalization

Globalizationisbeneficialforthedevelopmentofthesociety.（X）

Globalizationbringsaboutfiercecompetition,hencestimulateslocalcompaniesindevelopingcountriestotaketheinitiativetoimprovethequalityoftheirproducts.

（4）.比较原则:

在具有比较性质的Topic中，分论点应该体现主体的特性而非共性。

Example:

Topic-Somepeoplethinkchildrencanhavebettereducationinboardingschoolsfarfromhome,whileothersclaimthatadayschoolisabetterone.Discussthebothviewpointsandgiveyouropinion.

Studentscanlearnalotofvaluableknowledgeinboardingschools.（X）

Boardingschoolscanbettercultivatethestudents’independenceandpracticalhands-onability.

分论点构思四大黄金原则

1.经济原则

Shouldcollegestudentsbeallowedtogetmarried?

Gettingmarriedinsuchanearlyagewouldimposeaheavyfinancialburdenonthecollegestudents’livesandinturnbringsnegativeeffectstotheirstudies.

Moreandmoremeasureshavebeentakentoimprovesecurityandreducecrimeinurbanareas.Doyouthinkitsbenefitsoutweighitsdrawbacks?

Youshouldlistyourreasonsinyouressay.（2006.2.25）

（1）.Adoptingmoresecuritymeasurescreatesasaferandmorest