整理结构建筑专业术语.docx

整理结构建筑专业术语.docx

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整理结构建筑专业术语整理结构建筑专业术语1.编制目的为向本公司建筑、结构专业在编制设计文件时提供方便，特编制本文件。

2.适应范围本英文词汇可在本公司编制的建筑、结构专业设计文件中使用。

3.注意事项本英文词汇仅限于建筑、结构专业用词，其他相关专业用词及普通用词未包括在内。

4.建筑、结构专业常用英文词汇4.1总体设计Generaldesign设计依据Designbasis建筑红线Buildingline建筑系数Coefficientofbuildingoccupation界区Batterylimited有效面积Effectivearea使用面积Usablearea结构面积Structuralarea建筑面积Buildingarea建筑面积密度Densityofbuildingarea竖向布置Verticalplanning高程Altitude等高线Contourline相对标高Relativeelevation绝对标高Absolutealtitude地震基本烈度Basicearthquakeintensity抗震设防烈度Fortificationintensity风玫瑰Windrose建筑朝向Buildingorientation建筑间距Buildingdistance公顷Hectare指北针Northarrow测北Geophicalnorth建北Plantnorth气象Meteorology日照Sunshine天然采光Naturallighting人工照明Artificantlight;artificalillumination照度Degreeofillumination通风Ventilation正压通风Positiveventilating噪声Noise隔声Soundinsulation吸声Soundabsorption保温隔热Heatinsulation露点Dewpoint冷桥Cold-bridge遮阳Sunshade恒温恒湿Constanttemperature&constanthumidity消声Noiseelimination;noiseredxuction防振antivibration4.2建筑一般词汇Conventionaltermsofarchiteture方案Scheme;draft草图Sketch透视图Perspectivedrawing建筑构图Architecturalcomposition坐标Coordinvate纵坐标Ordinate横坐标Abscissa跨度Span开关Bay进深Depth层高Floorheight净高Clearheight;headroom横数Module;modulus裙房Skirtbuilding楼梯Staxlir梯段Stairslab楼梯平台Stairlanding安全出口Safetyexit疏散楼梯Escapestaircase楼梯间Stairwell封闭楼梯间Enclosurestaircase防烟楼梯间Smokepreventionstairwell消防电梯间Emergencyelevatorswell自动扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escapecorridor;escapeway耐火等级Fire-resistivegrade生产类别Classificationofproduction耐火极限Durationoffire-resistance防火间距File-breakdistance泄压面积Areaofpressurerelease闷顶Mezanine;mezzanine砖标号Gradeofbrick;strenthofbrick承重墙Bearingwall非承重墙Non-bearingwall挡土墙Retainingwall填充墙Fillerwall围护墙Curtainwall;claddingwall;enclosurewall女儿墙Parapetwall隔墙Partition（浴室、厕所）隔断Stall窗间墙Pier墙垛Pillar过梁Lintel圈梁Gird;girt;girth防潮层Damp-proofcourse勒脚Plinth横梁Transversewall纵横Longitudinalwall山墙Gable;gablewall防火墙Firewall压顶Coping勾缝Pointing砖砌平拱Brickflatarch预埋件Embededinserts直抓梯Ladder栏杆Railing防腐蚀Corrosionresistant;Anticorrosion化学溶蚀Chemicalerosion膨胀腐蚀Expansioncorrosion化学腐蚀Chemicalcorrosion电化学腐蚀Electro-chemicalcorrosion晶间腐蚀Intergranularcorrosion气相腐蚀Gaseouscorrosion液相腐蚀Liguidoidcorrosion固相腐蚀Solidcorrosion腐蚀裕度Allowanceforcorrosion锈蚀Nusting4.3建筑材料Buildingmaterials级配砂石Gradedsand&gravel素土夯实Rammedearth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plainconcrete钢筋混凝土Reinforcedconcrete（R.C）细石混凝土Fineaggregateconcrete轻质混凝土Lightweightconcrete加气混凝土Aerocrete;Aerocreteconcrete陶粒混凝土Ceramsiteconcrete水泥膨胀珍珠岩Cement&expendedpearlite岩棉Mineralwool;minewool沥青Saphalt卷材Felt玛蹄脂Asphaltmastic粘土砖Claybrick釉面砖Porcelainenamelbrick空心砖Hollowbrick砌块Block缸砖guarrybrick锦砖mosac地面砖pavingbrick防滑地砖non-slipbrick耐酸砖（板）acidbrick（acidtile）胶泥mastic粘土瓦Cloytile玻璃瓦enamelledtile波形镀锌钢板galvanijedcorrugatesteelsheet玻璃钢瓦glass-fiberreinforcedplastictile彩色压型钢（铅）板colouredcorrugatesteel（aluminium）plat;profiuingcolouredstccl（aluminium）plat石棉水泥瓦ashestos-cementsheet水磨石terrajjo水刷石graniteplaster花岗石granite磨光花岗石polishedgranite剁斧石artificialstone大理石marble水泥砂浆抹面cementplaster石灰砂浆抹面lineplaster水泥石灰砂浆抹面cement-limeplaster刀灰打底hemp-cutandlineasbase原木Log方木sguaretimber板材plank胶合板plywood三夹板3plywood五夹板5plywood平板玻璃plateglass浮法玻璃float-processglass磨砂玻璃groundglass;frostedglass起玻璃pnismglass夹丝玻璃Wireglass夹层玻璃sandwichglass中空玻璃hollowglass钢化玻璃reinforcedglass镀膜玻璃coatingglass有机玻璃organicglass4.4建筑构造及配件Buildingconstruction&component铺砌psving地坪gradc基层bedding素土夯实rammedearth垫层base结合层bondingcourse面层Covering隔离层Mnsulationcourse活动地板raisingfloor;movablefloor;accessfloor篦子板grating地面提示块groundprompt遮阳板sunshade窗套Windowmoulding护角curbguard防水层water-proofcourse找平层Levelingcourse隔热层heatinsulationcourse保温层rhermalinsulationcourse柃条purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊顶suspendingceiling吊顶花骨ceilingjoist雨水口draingulley水斗Leadhead雨水管Leader;downspout天沟Valley挑檐overhangingeawe檐口eave泛水flashing分水线water-sted檐沟eavegutter汇水面积catchmentarea雨罩canopy散水apron坡道ramp台阶entrancesteps保温门thermalinsulationdoor隔声门（窗）soundinsulationdoor（window）;acousticoldoor（window）防火门（窗）firedoor（window）冷藏门freejerdoor安全门exitdoor防护门（窗）protectiondoor（window）屏蔽门（窗）Shielddoor（window）防风砂门radiationresistingdooe（window）密闭门（窗）weathertightdoor泄压门（窗）pressurereleasedoor（window）壁柜门closetdoor变压器间门transformerroomdoor围墙门gate车库门garagedoor保险门safedoor引风门ventilationdoor检修门accessdoor平开门（窗）side-hungedoor推拉门（窗）slidingdoor弹簧门swingdoor折迭门foldingdoor卷帘门rallingdoor转门revolvingdoor夹板门palywooddoor拼板门FLBdoor（framed,Ledgedandbatteneddoor）;matchboarddoor实拼门soliddoor镶板门paneldoor镶玻璃门glajeddoor玻璃门glassdoor钢木门steel&woodendoor百页门shutterdoor连窗门doorwithsidewindow传递窗deliverywindow观察窗observationwindow换气窗ventsast上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗bottom-hungwindow立转窗verticallypivotedwindow固定窗fixedwindow单层窗singlewindow双层窗doublewindow百页窗shutter带形窗continuouswindow子母扇窗attachedsashwindow组合窗compositewindow落地窗frenchwindow玻璃幕墙glajedcurtainwall门（窗）框door（window）fram拼樘料transon（横），mullin（竖）门（窗）扇door（window）leaf（平开窗扇casementsash）纱扇sereensash亮子transom,fanlight门心板pancl披水板weatherboard贴脸板trim筒子板Lining窗台板sillplate防护铁栅barricade;irongrille;grating合页butts;hinges;butthinges执手knob撑档catch滑道slidingtrack插销bolt拉手pull推板pushplate门锁morticelork;doorlock执手锁morticelockwithknob4.5建筑结构Buildingstructure4.5.1荷载Load活荷载Liveload静荷载，恒载Deadload静力荷载Staticload移动荷载Mouingload动力荷载Dynamicload冲击荷载impactload附加荷载Superimposed规定荷载（又称标准荷载）SpecifiedLoad集中荷载ConcentratedLoad分布荷载DistributedLoad设计荷载DesignLoad轴向荷载AxialLoad偏心荷载EccentricLoad风荷载WindLoad风力、风压Windforce、WindPressure雪荷载SnowLoad屋面积灰荷载RoofashLoad（吊车）最大轮压MaximunWheelLoad吊车荷载CraneLoad安装荷载ErectionLoad施工荷载ConstructionLoad不对称荷载UnsymmetricalLoading重复荷载RepeatedLoad刚性荷载RigidLoad柔性荷载FlecxibleLoad临界荷载CriticalLoad容许荷载AdmissibleLoad,AllowableLoadsafeLoad极限荷载UltimatrLoad条形荷载StripLoad破坏荷载FailureLoad,Loadotfailure地震荷载SeismicLoad;Earthquakeload荷载组合Conbinationofload4.5.2地基和基础Soilandfoundation地基（Bed）soil天然地基Natulalground人工地基Artigicialground混凝土基础Concretefoundation;Concretefooting毛石基础Rubblemasonryfooting;（Rubble）stonefooting砖基础Brickwolkfooting桩基础Pilefoundation设备基础Egiuipmentfoundation机器基础Machinefoundation独立基础Indioidualfooting,IsolatrdfoundationPadfoundation联合基础Combinedfooting大块式基础Massiuefoundation条形基础Stripfoundation;StripfootingStrapfooting;CBntinuousfooting方形基础Sgualefooting杯形基础Footingsocket板式基础Slab-foundation;Matfooting阶梯形基础Steppedfoundation;Benchedfoundation（Steppedfooting）扩展基础spreadfooting扩底基础Under-reamedfoundation浮伐基地Raftfoundation;BuoyantfoandationFloatingfoundation沉箱（井）基础Caissonfoundation构架式基础Framefoundalion深基础Decpfoundation基础FootingFoundation基槽Foundationditch;Foundationtrench基坑Foundationpit基础板Foundationslab基础梁FoundationbeamFootingbeam基础底面Foundalionbaic基础底板Foundationmat基础垫层Foundation-bed基础埋置深度Depthofembedmentfoundation地下连续墙Undelgroundcontinuouswall打桩Piledriving打桩机Pileengine;Piledriver;Rammactuine钢桩Steelpile水桩Woodpile;Timberpilc钢筋混凝土桩Reinforcedconceretepile砂桩Sandpile石灰桩Linlepile;Limecolumn;Quickimepile单桩Singlepile群桩Pilegronp;Pilecluster斜桩Batterpile预制桩precaltpile灌注桩In-situpile;Cast-in-plalepileCast-in-situpile;Fiuingpile板桩shectpile拆密桩Compactionpile挤密砂桩Sandcompactionpile灰土挤密桩Line-soilcompactionpile钻孔桩Boredpile打入桩Driuenpile摩擦桩Frictionpile;Buoyantpile端承桩Endbearingpile;Pointpearingpile;Columnpile（柱桩）支承桩Bearingpile抗拔桩Tensionpile;Upliftpile;抗滑桩Anti-sliclepile桩承台Pilecap桩帽Pilecap;ilecouel桩头Pilecyown;pileheat桩端Piletip桩身Pileshaft桩距Pilespacing桩钢筋笼Pilecape试桩Testpile桩荷载试验Pilecoadteet桩的动荷载试验Dynamicloadteltofpile桩的侧向荷载试验Lateralpileloadtelt桩的极限荷载Ultimatlpleload桩承载能力Pilecapacity;BearingcapacityofapileCarryingcapacityofapile土压力Earthpressure主动土压力Actiueearthpressure被动土压力Passiueearthpressune静止土压力Earthpressuleotreat容许地耐力Allouablebearingstrength冰冻深度Frozendepth;Frostdepth;Frostpenetrationdepthoffrostpenetralion防冻深度Frost-prdofdepth粘土类土Clayeysoil轻亚粘土Sandyloam亚粘土Sandyclay;Loam砂质土Sandysoil砂砾石Sandygrauelstratum膨胀土Expansiuesoil硬质土，硬盘岩，硬土层Hardpan液限Liguidlimit塑限Plasticlimit塑料指数Indexofplasticity松软土Mellowsoil;spongysoil回填土BalkfillRefilling杂填土Mislellaneousfill地表水Surfalewater;地下水Groundwatcr地下水位Groundwatereltualion;Groundwaterlevel;Groundwatertable容重Unitweight干容重Dryunitweight湿容重Wetunitwelght饱和容重Saturatedunitweight不均匀沉降Unegualsettelment;Differentialsettlement地基处理Groundtreatment地基加固Groundstabilization;soilimprouement土质查勘Soilexploration地质勘察Geologicalexploration沉陷Settlement倾斜obliguity;Inclination滑移Sliding夯实土Compactedsoil夯实填土Compactedfill夯实回填土Tampedbackfill夯实分层厚度Compactedlift持力层Bearingstratum;Supporting;Course管道与基础相碰Pipelingeinterfereswithfoundation4.5.3一般结构用语Termsforgeneralstructures建筑结构Builclingstructure建筑物Building结构形式Struduraltype混凝土（砼）结构Concretestructure砌体结构Masonrystructure砖砌结构Brickconstructure石砌结构Stonestructure砖砼结构Brickandconcretestructure钢结构Strrlstructure结构型钢Shapesteel木结构Timberstructure组合结构Compositestructure框架结构Framestructure梁板结构Beamandslabstructure构件Member承重构件Load-braringmember结构构件Struvturemember肋形屋盖Ribbedroof肋形楼板Ribbedfloorslab无梁楼板Flatplate;Flafslab桁架；屋架Truss;Rooftruss三角形屋（桁）架Triangulartruss梯