上海秋季牛津新世纪英语高一上册高一上被动语态专题含词汇语法练习.docx

上海秋季牛津新世纪英语高一上册高一上被动语态专题含词汇语法练习.docx

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上海秋季牛津新世纪英语高一上册高一上被动语态专题含上海秋季牛津新世纪英语高一上册高一上被动语态专题含词汇语法练习词汇语法练习学员姓名：

学科教师：

年级：

高一辅导科目：

授课日期时间主题被动语态常考点及易错点教学内容1、上次课后巩固作业复习；2、互动探索此环节教案预期时间15分钟教学建议：

1.老师根据图片内容问学生问题，先让孩子比较讨论，再进行讲解2.掌握被动语态与主动语态的区别。

被动语态常考点及易错点【知识梳理1】

（一）被动语态的构成方式：

be+过去分词，口语只也有用get/become+过去分词表示。

被动语态的基本用法：

不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。

强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。

（二）使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。

1.主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。

看下列例句。

Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.Aninterestingbookwasgiventome（bymyfriend）onmybirthday.Iwasgivenaninterestingbook（bymyfriend）onmybirthday.2.主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。

Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong（bytheboss）3.短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。

Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof（byher）.Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.4.情态动词和begoingto，beto，besureto，usedto，haveto，hadbetter等结构变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be+过去分词。

5.当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式：

（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。

（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。

如：

Peoplesayheisasmartboy.Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.Heissaidtobeasmartboy.PeopleknowpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.ItisknownthatpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.PaperwasknowntobemadeinChinafirst.类似句型有：

Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat【例题精讲】例1.WhenIgottohishome,I_thathe_toBeijing.A.told;hadgoneB.wastold;wentC.wastold;hadgoneD.told;hadbeen【参考答案】C【思路解析】本题根据题意，当我到他家的时候，我被告知，他已经去北京了，一次选C。

例2.-WhydoesMarylooktobesosorry?

-Becauseshe_byherclassmates.A.hasbeenlaughedB.haslaughedatC.waslaughedD.hasbeenlaughedat【参考答案】D【思路解析】本题注意，固定搭配介词变被动语态时，介词不可以省略。

例3.We_tobecarefulofratssincethewholestreetwasfullofrubbish.A.warnedB.havewarnedC.havebeenwarnedD.werewarning【参考答案】C【思路解析】根据时间状语及理解，选C。

【巩固练习】1.Wedidnotappreciateourteachersfortheirhardwork.Weonly_（know）thatwegotalotofhomework.2.Whentheygotourcard,they_（touch）becausetheirstudentsfinallyknewtheteacherseffort.3.Themantookoff,butinsteadofrunningoutofthebackdoorwherehecamein,heaccidentallyranintothegarageand_（seize）there.4.We_（neverhave）asadpersonwinsofar,”headded.5.WhenIwasyoungIwantedtobeamodel,soIconvincedmyparentstotakemeforanaudition（试演）I（25）_（select）andtoldIhadpotential6.Formonths,anyboredomordisappointmentIfacedwaspushedasidebecauseIknewI（27）（have）_thechancetobearealmodelsoon7.Makesurethatyoursubject_（be）definiteandnottoobroad.8.Sofar,alotofresearch（do）inAmericaontheeffectof24-hourworking,andthereisgrowingconcernaboutthelong-termdangersofasocietythatdoesntsleep.9.“But,”repliedKim,“Ihavealwayscompletedeveryassignmentyou_（give）me,Mr.Williams.”10.Ihadthelonelychildshabitofmakingupstories,andIthinkfromtheverystartmyliteraryambitions_（mix）upwiththefeelingofbeingisolated.Keys:

1-5:

knew,weretouched,wasseized,haveneverhad,wasselected6-10:

wouldhave,is,hasbeendone,gave/havegiven,weremixed【知识梳理2】

（二）被动语态易错点1.不能用被动语态的几种情况:

所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。

表示状态的谓语动词，如：

last，hold，benefit，contain，equal，fit，join，mean，last，looklike，consistto等。

表示归属的动词，如have，own，belongto等。

表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：

wish，want，hope，like，love，hate等。

宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。

宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。

有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell，write，wash，open，lock等。

【例题精讲】例1.Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime,butallthetickets_out.A.wouldsellB.hadsoldC.havesoldD.wasselling【参考答案】B【思路解析】本题考查卖光的表达，主动表示被动，结合时态，因此选B。

主动形式表被动意义。

当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。

Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布易洗。

Thesenovelswontsellwell.这些小说不畅销。

Mypenwritessmoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。

Thedoorwontlock.门锁不上。

Thefishsmellsgood.鱼闻起来香。

当breakout，takeplace，shutoff，turnoff，workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。

Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.want,require,need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。

beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动含义。

在“be+形容词+todo”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。

Thiskindofwaterisntfittodrink.Thegirlisnteasytogetalongwith.另外：

betoblame（受谴责），betorent（出租）也用主动形式表被动【巩固练习】1.-Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.-Iamtired.Ithelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted2.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympicsby2006.A.hasbeencompletedB.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted3.hewillreturntohisnativeland.A.ItislongbeforethatB.ItisbeforelongthatC.ItwontbelongbeforeD.Itwillbebeforelongthat4.Hiswifetocatchthefirsttrainbutshewastoolate.A.hopingB.hadhopedC.hashopedD.wouldhope5.Tomsaidhetoher,butheyet.A.willwrite;didntB.haswritten;hasntC.wasgoingtowrite;wasntD.wouldwrite;hasnt6.MillionsofpoundsworthofdamagebyastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused7.-Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?

-Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilmquiteearly,sowetothebookstoreafterthat.A.finished;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;go8.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartheachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway9.-Whatswrongwithyourleg?

-Igotinjuredinacaraccident.-Isupposeyoutoofast.A.weredrivingB.haddrivenC.hadbeendrivingD.havedriven10.-Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?

-I,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did11.-Hello!

Fancymeetingyouhere!

-Hi,Elizabeth.IhowtospendthemorninguntilIsawyou.A.wasjustwonderingB.havewanderedC.amjustwonderingD.hadbeenwondered12.-DoesLiuHuaserveinthearmy?

-No,butheinthearmyforthreeyears.A.servedB.hasservedC.isservingD.wouldserve13.-ThisreturnedChinesescholarhasbecomeoneofthetopexpertsinthisfield.-Yes,Iknowhimverywell.HeinAfricawithanimalsforeightyears.A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.workedD.hasbeenworking14.-Whatswrongwithyourcoat?

-JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttomeonit.A.satB.hadsatC.hadbeensittingD.wassitting15.Thecountrylifehewasusedtogreatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged16.Idontreallyworkhere;Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout17.Expertsthinkwewonthavecleanwatertodrinkunlesssomethingsoon,butmuchremainsaboutenvironmentprotection.A.wouldbedone;doingB.isdone;tobedoneC.willbedone;todoD.isdone;todo18.Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,heusmuchimpression.A.hadntleftB.didntleaveC.doesntleaveD.hasntleft19.-Doyouknowourtownatall?

-No.ThisisthefirsttimeIhere.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming20.-IsupposeJackislateagain.-Youit!

A.areguessingB.willguessC.guessD.haveguessedKeys:

1-5.CCBBD6-10ACDAC11-15.AACDB16-20.CBCBD【知识梳理3】3.被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。

beseated坐着Heisseatedonabench.（Heseatshimselfonabench.）坐在凳子上。

behidden躲藏Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.（Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.）他藏在门后。

belost迷路bedrunk喝醉bedressed穿着Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.4.被动语态与系表结构的区别被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。

如：

Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.（被动语态）Thebookiswellsold.（系表结构）【巩固练习】1.Thewaytheguests_inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheserviceA.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated2.-WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?

-Becauselargequantitiesofwater.A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted3.Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespearehischaritieslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.A.willmakeB.hadmadeC.wasmakingD.makes4.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?

Theweatherreport_andIwanttolisten.A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast5.Thefoodhereisniceenough.Myfriend_mearightplace.A.introducesB.introducedC.hadintroducedD.wasintroducing6.Atpresent,oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewairport_thatitwillgoingalotjobstothearea.A.isB.areC.willbeD.were7.-Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays-Oh,it_sharplysincelastmonth.A.israisedB.hasrisenC.hasarisenD.isincreased8.-Doyouwantalifthome?

-Itsverykindofyou,butIhaveamuchlateintheoffice.Ioversleptthismorningbecausemymorningclock_.A.doesntgooffB.wontgoneC.wasntgoingoffD.didntgoon9.Hissisterlefthomein1998,andsince.A.hadnotbeenheardofB.hasnotbeenheardofC.hadnotheardofD.hasnotheardof10.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen11.Thisisthefirsttimewentafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen12.Whydontwechoosethatroadtosavetime?

Thebridgetoit_.A.hasrepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.willberepaired13.Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?

Itsfantastic.TheonlypityisthatI_thebeginningofit.A.MissedB.hadmissedC.missD.wouldmiss14.Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwhereshe_it.A.sawB.hasseenC.seesD.hadseen15.Ivegottogonow.Mustyou?

I_youcouldstayfordinnerwithus.A.thinkB.thoughtC.havethoughtD.amthinkingKEYS:

1-5:

DDDBB6-10:

ABDAC11-15:

DCADB（此部分测试时间为20分钟左右，讲评时间为15分钟左右。

对本次所学内容进行检测）教学建议：

1规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；2相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；3做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；4让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。

一语法新题型。

1.AfterpilotJamesSlocumjumpedoutoftheplaneat2,500ft,thejet_（guide）intothegroundbyapilotinafollowingCessnaviaaremote-controldevice,thereportersreported.2.Awomaninanightdressandaborrowedmanscoatscreamedasshesawmeand_（come）runningmadly.3.OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledinto