版高考英语全国用大一轮复习讲义文档Book 1 Unit.docx
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版高考英语全国用大一轮复习讲义文档Book1Unit
话题词汇
1.earthquaken.地震
2.firen.火灾
3.floodn.洪水
4.burnv.燃烧
5.destroyv.破坏
6.rescuev.援救
7.survivev.幸存
8.dieout灭绝
9.leadto/contributeto导致
10.inharmonywithnature与自然和谐相处
话题佳作
4月20日,你省某市发生了强烈地震,造成很大损失,学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。
请你拟一份发言稿,在学校捐款动员大会上使用。
发言稿主要内容应包括:
1.对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间、地点、造成的财产和人员损失等);
2.捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关、帮助灾区重建);
3.如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位,收齐后交到学校红十字会)。
佳作欣赏
Dearteachersandstudents,
Asweallknow,aterribleearthquakehappenedinacityofourprovinceonApril20,inwhichmanybuildingsweredestroyedandmanypeoplewereinjured.
Inordertohelptheearthquakevictimstogothroughthehardtimesandrebuildtheirhometown,theschoolhascalledoneveryoneinourschool,includingbothteachersandstudents,todonatemoneytotheearthquakestrikenarea.Thisdonationisvoluntary.Youcangiveawayhowevermuchyouwantto.ThemoneywillbecollectedbyeachclassbeforeitishandedtotheRedCrossSocietyofourschool.
Wehopethateveryonewillbekindenoughtodowhatyoucantohelpourfellowmenoutofthedifficulty.
Thankyou.
名师点睛
这篇发言稿思路清晰、语言准确。
在行文过程中较多地运用了高级句式,如第一段中含有两个定语从句;第二段中的however引导的宾语从句、before引导的时间状语从句等。
同时像gothrough,callonsb.todo...,giveaway,bekindenoughtodo,outofthedifficulty等高级词汇的运用也使文章添彩。
Ⅰ.写作必记单词
1.burstvi.爆裂;爆发;n.突然破裂;爆发
2.millionn.百万
3.eventn.事件;大事
4.ruinn.废墟;毁灭;vt.毁灭;使破产
5.injurevt.损害;伤害
injuryn.损害;伤害
injuredadj.受伤的
6.destroyvt.毁坏;破坏;消灭
7.shockn.休克;震惊;打击;vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动
8.trapvt.使陷入困境;n.陷阱;困境
9.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏
10.reportern.记者
11.congratulationn.祝贺;(pl.)贺词
congratulatevt.祝贺
12.judgen.裁判员;法官;vt.断定;判断;判决
Ⅱ.阅读识记单词
13.nationn.民族;国家;国民
14.sufferingn.苦难;痛苦
15.extremeadj.极度的
16.uselessadj.无用的;无效的;无益的
usefuladj.有用的
17.rescuevt.&n.援救;营救
18.electricityn.电;电流;电学
19.disastern.灾难;灾祸
20.sheltern.遮蔽处;避身处;掩蔽
21.damagen.&vt.损失;损害
22.frightenvt.使惊吓;吓唬
frightenedadj.受惊的;受恐吓的
frighteningadj.令人恐惧的
23.sincerelyadv.真诚地;真挚地
24.expressvt.表达;表示;n.快车;速递
语境活用
[用所给词的正确形式填空]
1.Soscientistshavecomeupwithashocking(shock)idea.(2016·北京)
2.Natalie’sschoolwassodamaged(damage)thatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.(2016·北京)
3.Isincerely(sincere)hopeyoucanacceptmyapologiesandunderstandmysituation.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
4.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.(2016·浙江)
5.Collectinformationabouttheperson’sexpressions(express)andfindhisintention.
6.Handshakesareonlyexchangedonafirstintroduction,specialoccasions,orasatoken(象征)ofagreementorcongratulation(congratulate).
1.rightaway立刻;马上
2.thinklittleof不重视
3.atanend结束;终结
4.inruins严重受损;破败不堪
5.digout掘出;发现
6.a(great)numberof许多;大量的
7.judgefrom根据……判断
语境活用
[运用上述短语完成片段]
Onenight,everythingbegantoshake,withthepipesburstandtheelectricitycutoff.Anearthquakestruckthecityanditseemedasiftheworldwas1.atanend(结束).
Somepeoplewereinjured,someburiedintheruinsandsomemissing.2.Judgingfrom(根据……判断)thesituation,therewere3.agreat/largenumberof(许多)trappedpeoplewaitingforrescue.Butallhopewasnotlost,becausesoldiersweresenttohelpthem4.rightaway(立刻).
1.too...to...
Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.
在农家大院里,鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。
仿写
我不能和你一起去书店是因为我身体太虚弱了以至于我无法走出卧室。
(2016·全国Ⅲ)
ThereasonwhyIcan’tgotothebookstorewithyouisthatI’mtooweaktowalkoutofmybedroom.
2.Itseems/seemedasif...
Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!
仿佛到了世界末日!
仿写
看起来好像除了我每个人都交到了朋友并玩得很开心。
Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.
3.everywhere引导地点状语从句
Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.
人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切几乎都被毁了。
仿写
那年夏天,我想攒钱买属于自己的车,所以我四处求职。
Iwantedtosaveupmoneyandbuymyowncar,soIappliedeverywhereIcouldthatsummer.
4.部分否定
Allhopewasnotlost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
仿写
但是,并非所有的孩子都认为父母以他们为荣。
(2016·上海)
However,notallchildrenconsiderthattheirparentsareproudofthem.
burstv.爆裂;爆发
n.突然破裂;爆发
(1)Theriverburstitsbanksandfloodedthetown.
河水决堤,淹没了城镇。
(牛津词典)
(2)Thepoliceburstinandarrestedthethief.
警察突然闯进来,逮捕了小偷。
(3)Muchtomysurprise,sheburstintotearstheinstantshereadtheletter.
让我吃惊的是,她一读到这封信,就突然大哭起来。
burstin/into突然闯进;破门而入
burstout突然迸发;爆发;突然激动地喊叫
burstoutdoing...=burstinto+n.突然做某事
burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支
基础知识训练——[完成句子]
(1)他恼羞成怒,都要气炸了。
Hefelthewouldburstwithangerandshame.
(2)当校车抵达动物园时,汽车的门突然打开,孩子们冲了出去。
Whentheschoolbusarrivedatthezoo,thebusdoorburstopenandallthechildrenrushedout.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(3)Hearingtheinterestingstory,allthepeoplepresentburstintolaughter.
Hearingtheinterestingstory,allthepeoplepresentburstoutlaughing.
ruinv.毁坏;使破产
n.毁坏;破产;废墟
(1)Mynewwhitedresswastotallyruined!
我那件白色的新裙子全给毁了。
(朗文词典)
(2)Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeuslyingawakeallnight.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟,这使我们彻夜未眠。
(3)Alargenumberofchurchesfellintoruin/werebroughttoruinafterthebigflood.
洪水过后,大批的教堂毁掉了。
ruinoneself毁掉自己
inruins严重受损;破败不堪;崩溃,垮掉
come/fallintoruin毁灭;成为废墟
bring...toruin使……失败;使……毁坏
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Thiscountrywasonceproudofitseducationsystem.Nowitseemstobeinruins.
(2)Thecastlehasfallenintoruin.
(3)Ifyouwastetimedoingnothing,youwillruinyourself(you).
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(4)Itrainedfortwoweeks,whichcompletelyruinedourholiday.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Itrainedfortwoweeks,completelyruiningourholiday.
buryv.埋葬;埋藏;使陷入;沉浸;覆盖;掩藏
(1)TheUKisrunningoutofareasforburyingthisunnecessarywaste.
英国为了掩埋这些不必要的废弃物占用了许多土地。
(2)Shesatthere,buriedinthought.
她坐在那儿,陷入了沉思。
burysth.in...把某物埋在……
buryoneselfin埋头于,专心于
beburiedin专心于
基础知识训练——[用bury的正确形式填空]
(1)Hewalkedslowly,hishandburiedinhispocket.
(2)Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,buryingherheadinthebookinherhands.
(3)Theythinkshewasburiedinthedesert,alongwithafewothers.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(4)Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.
①Buryingherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②Buriedinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
congratulationn.祝贺;(复数)贺词
(1)Hesentheranoteofcongratulationonherelectionvictory.
她选举获胜,他就寄去了祝贺信。
(剑桥词典)
(2)Congratulationsonyourhappymarriage!
祝贺你喜结良缘!
(3)Youcancongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneagoodjob.你的工作做得很出色,你应该感到自豪。
(1)congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就……(向某人)祝贺
Congratulations!
祝贺你!
(口语)
(2)congratulatevt.祝贺,向……道喜
congratulatesb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺
(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时,通常用复数形式;作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。
(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。
[单句语法填空]
(1)—Ihavepassedtheexam.
—Congratulations(congratulate)!
(2)Icongratulatemyself(I)onhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.
[单句改错]
(3)Icongratulatedhim
hissuccesssincerely.
(4)Thankyouforyourletterconveying
onmyappointment.
atanend结束;终结
(1)Thislatestinjurymustsurelymeanthathertenniscareerisnowatanend.
毫无疑问,最近这次受伤意味着她的网球运动生涯已到了尽头。
(剑桥词典)
(2)Theprojectisduetobefinishedbytheendofthisweek.这个项目将在本周末完成。
attheendof在……尽头;在……末端
bytheendof到……结束时;到……时候为止
intheend最后;终于,cometoanend结束
put/bring...toanend结束……
putanendto结束……;终结……
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Youshouldaddyournameattheendofthereport.
(2)Bytheendofthisweek,Iwillhavefinishedmostofthework.
(3)Hedebatedbuyinganewcar,butdidn’tintheend.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(4)Themeetingwasatanend.
①Themeetingcametoanend.(come)
②Webroughtthemeetingtoanend.(bring)
③Weputanendtothemeeting./Weputthemeetingtoanend.(put)
a(great)numberof许多;大量的
(1)Asidefromthewebcameras,anumberofotherhightechmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.
除了网络摄像机,其他一些高技术方法也越来越受欢迎。
(2)Amongmammalsalone,thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.
仅在哺乳动物中,夜间活动的物种的数量就很惊人。
(2015·浙江)
表示“许多;大量”的词语可分为以下几类:
+可数名词复数
+不可数名词
+可数名词复数或不可数名词
+单数可数名词+单数谓语动词
(1)anumberof+名词作主语,谓语动词用复数,表示“许多……;大量……”。
(2)thenumberof+名词作主语,谓语动词用单数,表示“……的数量”。
(3)largequantitiesof+名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
(4)largeamountsof+不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
[单句语法填空]
(1)Largequantitiesoflandintheareahavebeenreserved(reserve)fornationalparkstheseyears,whichare(be)nowhometobears,wolves,andotherwildanimals.
(2)Thenumberofbooksstolenfromthelibraryis(be)large.
(3)Alargenumberofbookshavebeenstolen(steal)fromthelibrarysofar.
[单句改错]
(4)Morethanonedoctor
involvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.
(5)Onesurveyshowsthatlargeamountsofwater
wastedeveryyearinChina,andthatonethirdisavailabletobesaved.
injurev.损害;伤害;损坏(名誉);伤害(感情)
[单句语法填空]
(1)Thedriverofthecarreceivedseriousinjuries(injure)tothelegsandarms.
(2)Theyoungwomanenteredthepoolwhereaninjured(injure)dolphinwasswimming.
(3)Sheinjured(injure)herselfwhileskatinglastweek.
(4)Theinjuredwere(be)senttothehospitalatonceaftertheaccident.
(1)injuredadj.受伤的
theinjured受伤者;伤员
(2)injuryn.伤口;伤害
shockv.(使)震惊;震动
n.休克;打击;震惊
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Itwasquiteashocktoseemyfaceonthatscreen!
(2)Aftertheshockingnewsspreadthroughoutthewholecity,everyonefeltshocked.(shock)
(3)Wewereshocked(shock)toseesmokepouringoutoftheroof.
(4)Iwasshockedat/bythenewsofhissuddendeath.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(5)Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用shockn.改写)
Itwasashocktoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.
(1)shockedadj.感到震惊的
beshockedby/at...对……感到震惊
beshockedtodo...因做……而震惊
(2)shockingadj.令人震惊的
trapn.夹子;陷阱;困境;圈套
v.使困住,使陷于;使落网
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Wereyoujusttrying