届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Great scientists单元学案30页word版.docx
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届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案30页word版
2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案
一单元基础词汇语法回顾
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Anurse________________(照料)tohisneedscontantly.
答案:
attended
2.MrSmithisa________________(内科医师)inthehospital.
答案:
physician
3.Ascientifictheoryistheresultofthe________________(科学的)method.
答案:
scientific
4.Shedoesn'twantto________________(暴露)herselftothepublic,becausetheisashygirl.
答案:
expose
5.Destructionoftheenvironmentisoneofthemostserious_____________(挑战)weface.
答案:
challenges
6.Hedrewac________________afteralotofexperiments.
答案:
conclusion
7.Whoistob________________forstartingthefire?
答案:
blame
8.A________________fromyourspelling,yourcompositionisrathergood.
答案:
Apart
9.Havetheya________________whentheplanewilltakeoff?
答案:
announced
10.Youmustbec________________whencrossingthestreet.
答案:
cautious/careful
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.________________(总而言之),IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.
答案:
Inconclusion
2.Eatingtoomuchfatcan________________(导致心脏病)andcausehighbloodpressure.
答案:
contributeto/leadtoheartdisease
3.Forthenexttwohoursshe________________(专心于看电影),soshedidn'tnoticewhathadhappenedaroundher.
答案:
wasabsorbedinthefilm
4.Themoreone________________(暴露于)theEnglishspeakingenvironment,thebetterheorshewilllearnthelanguage.
答案:
isexposedto
5.Whois________________(为……负责)settingthehouseonfire?
答案:
toblamefor
6.ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayIsawthings,expressedideas,and________________(理解世界).
答案:
madesenseoftheworld
7.—Whyishefeelingdowntoday?
—Becausethesuggestionhe________________(提出)hasbeenturneddown.
答案:
putforward
8.We'dbetterdiscusstheissueindetailbeforewe________________(得出结论).
答案:
drawaconclusion
9.________________(除了有几个缺点外),heisafaithfulfriend.
答案:
Apartfromafewfaults
10.Neitherthefathernorthechildren________________(对这部电影都不感兴).
答案:
areinterestedinthefilm
11.OnlyifIgetaparttimejob________________(才有足够的钱)togotoschool.
答案:
willIhaveenoughmoney
12.Ithinkofthehappyhourswespenttogether________________(每次看到这些照片).
答案:
everytimeIseethesephotos
单项填空
1.Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople________tocholera.
A.exposeB.exposed
C.exposingD.toexpose
解析 expose“使暴露于;显露;使接触”,在此处作后置定语修饰people,二者存在动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。
答案 B
2.Whenhecamebackthreehourslater,theywerestillsittingonthesofa,________inconversation.
A.absorbingB.absorbed
C.toabsorbD.tobeabsorbed
解析 考查非谓语动词。
句意:
当他三个小时后回来时,他们仍坐在沙发上,聚精会神地交谈。
beabsorbedin为固定搭配,意为“专心于”,所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式,作伴随状语。
答案 B
3.—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.
—I______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.
A.attended B.hadattended
C.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended
解析考查虚拟语气。
句意:
——很可惜你错过了这次有关核污染的演讲。
——我本来要参加,但忙于准备工作面试。
根据but后面的内容可知,设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,所以正确答案为D项。
答案D
4.Ithinkyouneedsomeoutdoorexercise.Plentyoffreshairwill________goodhealth.
A.contributetoB.devoteto
C.applytoD.adjustto
解析 考查带to的动词短语辨析。
句意:
我认为你需要户外锻炼,足够的新鲜空气会有利于健康。
contributeto有助于,导致;devoteto奉献;applyto运用;adjustto调节以适应。
答案 A
5.Thedoctor________youforyourcoughissureto________it.
A.curing;treatB.cures;treating
C.treating;cureD.treats;cure
解析 考查动词词义辨析。
句意:
给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。
treat治疗;cure治愈;treatingyouforyourcough现在分词短语作定语。
答案 C
6.The________,Ithink,hedrewfromhissimpleexperimentisnotscientific.
A.attentionB.conclusionC.promiseD.relation
解析 句意:
我认为他从简单的实验中得出的结论是不科学的。
drawaconclusion“得出结论”;drawone'sattention“引起某人注意”。
答案 B
7.______goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.
A.FarfromB.Apartfrom
C.InsteadofD.Regardlessof
解析考查介词短语的辨析。
句意:
除了良好的服务,饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。
apartfrom除了;farfrom完全不;insteadof代替,而不是;regardlessof不管,不顾。
根据句意可知,正确答案为B项。
答案B
8.—IwassurprisedtoseewildflowersinAlaska.
—Manypeoplethinkthereisnothingthere________iceandsnow.
A.exceptforB.ratherthan
C.apartfromD.regardlessof
解析 此处表示“除了冰雪以外没有别的东西”,可以使用except,因为iceandsnow和nothing属于同类,而exceptfor后的名词和前面的名词不属同类。
apartfrom相当于except或besides。
答案 C
9.Tobehonest,mycarelessness______alottomyfailure.
A.contributedB.donated
C.providedD.offered
解析句意:
说实话,我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。
contributeto导致。
donate捐献;provide提供;offer(主动)提供。
答案A
10.Thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight.Thepolicearenow________thematter.
A.seeingthroughB.workingout
C.lookingintoD.watchingover
解析 考查动词词组辨析。
此处lookinto表示“调查”。
A项表示“看穿;识破”;B项表示“制定出;算出”;D项表示“看守;监视”。
答案 C
11.—Stayabitlonger,please.It'sbeensuch________funhavingyouhere.
—Thankyou,butI'vegot________earlystarttomorrowmorning.
A./;theB.a;anC./;anD.the;an
解析 考查冠词。
此题中fun为不可数名词,前面不用冠词。
anearlystart此处指“早起”。
句意为“请再待一会儿吧。
有你在这里太有趣了。
”“谢谢你,但明天早上我还要早起呢”。
答案 C
12.______forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.
A.BlamingB.Blamed
C.ToblameD.Tobeblamed
解析考查非谓语动词作状语。
句意:
由于被指责要对学校计算机网络的故障负责,艾丽丝情绪低落。
本题是状语从句的省略。
Alice与blame之间是被动关系,即Becauseshewasblamed的省略。
答案B
13.________hiseyes,Tomfoundhimself________ontheroadside.
A.Opened;liedB.Opened;laid
C.Opening;lyingD.Opening;lain
解析 本题考查的是非谓语动词。
现在分词表示主动,所以用Opening。
第二个空的意思是“躺”,表示主动进行。
答案 C
14.TheDeadSeaissosalty________it'shardforanythingtoliveinit________iswhyit'scalledtheDeadSea.
A.that;whichB.that;that
C./;thatD./;what
解析 so...that为固定结构,第二个空用which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的整句话。
答案 A
15.—Howdidhecatchsomanyfish?
—Byusinga________.
A.bamboolongfishingline
B.longbamboofishingline
C.fishinglongbambooline
D.bamboofishinglongline
解析 本题考查的是名词前面修饰语的先后顺序。
该次序如下:
冠词+品质(好,坏等)+大小/长短+新旧+形状式样+颜色+产地+材料+用途+动名词+名词,所以选B。
答案 B
单元综合知识运用
阅读理解
A
(2018·兰州高三第一次诊断)
HereissomegeneralinformationaboutEdisonElementarySchool.Formoreinformation,youcanvisitourwebsitewhichisprintedonthecover.
Attendance:
Pleasecontacttheofficeat480-472-5282ifyourchildisgoingtobeabsent.
RenaissanceReading:
TheAcceleratedReader(AR)Programisacomputerizedreadingenrichmentprogramthatcombinesgreatchildren'sliteraturewithcomputerskills.Asanindividualizedreadingprogram,itisdesignedtomotivatestudentstoreadmoreandtoreadgoodliterature.Studentsofdifferentabilitiescanusethisprogram.Itisnotacornpetitiveprogrambutonethatimprovesanystudent'sreadingability.
Hereishowitworks.StudentsselectbooksintheirreadingrangefromourAcceleratedReaderSelectionandreaditattheirownpace.Oncethestudenthascompletedthebook,he/sheisreadytotakeanARquiz.Eachquizconsistsof5,10,or20multiplechoicecomprehensivequestionsaboutthebook.
Aftertakingthequiz,thecomputershowsthestudenthowmanyquestionshe/sheansweredcorrectly,showsthecorrectanswersformissedquestions,andpraisesthestudents'effortswithanonscreenpersonalizedmessage.Passingthequizassurestheteacherandtheparentthatthechildactuallyreadandunderstoodthebook.Eachstudenttestsindependently——readingthequizquestionshimself/herself.
Thecomputerkeepstrackofrehdingpoints,books,andaveragetestscores,aswellasotherdata.Astudentmaytestonabookonlyonceandshould,therefore,havethoroughlyreadandunderstoodthecontentsbeforetakingthequiz.Eachstudentisresponsibleforreadingthescreentobesurethequiz,bytitleandauthor,isthecorrectonehe/shewishestotake.
Studentsarerecognizedfortheiraccomplishmentswithpraisefromtheteachersandspecialrecognitionattheclassroomlevelwhenindividualand/orclassroomgoalsaremet.
P.T.O.
WehaveanactiveParentTeacherOrganization.Theyhavemonthlymeetings,checkthecalendarforthemeetingtimesandplaces.
【文章大意】 本文为说明文,主要介绍有关EdisonElementarySchool的一些信息。
1.Thepassagemaybeselectedfrom________.
A.amagazine B.anewspaper
C.awebsiteD.anovel
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第一段第二句“Formoreinformation,youcanvisitourwebsitewhichisprintedonthecover.”可知,这篇文章是出自一本杂志。
答案:
A
2.Thepassageiswrittenfor________.
A.generalreadersB.parents
C.teachersD.primarystudents
解析:
推理判断题。
根据文中“Pleasecontacttheofficeat480-472-5282ifyourchildisgoingtobeabsent.”可知,这篇文章是推荐给学生父母的。
答案:
B
3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouthowRenaissanceReadingworks?
A.Studentsselectbooksbasedontheinstructionofthecomputer.
B.Studentstakethequizwithoutothers'arrangements.
C.Theresultofthequizwillbekeptbyteachers.
D.Thesummaryofthebooktobeselectedisshownonthescreen.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据文章倒数第四段最后一句“Eachstudenttestsindependently——readingthequizquestionshimself/herself.”可知,学生是独立地参加测验,故选B项。
答案:
B
4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.
A.studentswon'tbepunishediftheydon'tpassthequiz
B.studentsonlyhaveonechancetotestonabook
C.studentswon'tbepraisediftheyreachtheirgoals
D.parentsmeettheteachersonceaterm
解析:
推理判断题。
根据文章倒数第三段第二句“Astudentmaytestonabookonlyonceandshould,therefore,havethoroughlyreadandunderstoodthecontentsbeforetakingthequiz.”可知,学生们只有一次机会参加测验。
答案:
B
B
(2018·福州高三上学期期末检测)
Pupilsremembermoreandbehavebetterwhen3Dimagesareusedinlessons,researchsuggests.Theyarequickertolearnandabsorbnewconcepts,anddisplayhigherlevelsofconcentration.
ProfessorAnneBamfordoftheUniversityoftheArts,London,studiedtheeffectivenessof3Dcontentin15schoolsacrosssevencountries,includingtheUK.Pupilsin3Dclassescanremembermorethanthoseinthe2Dclassesafterfourweeks,improvingtestscoresbyanaverageof17percentcomparedwitheightpercentfor2Dlessons.Theygavemoredeta