英语初二下仁爱湘教版语法知识点总结.docx
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英语初二下仁爱湘教版语法知识点总结
英语初二下仁爱湘教版语法知识点总结
Unit5Feelinghappy
Topic1Whyallthesmilingfaces?
SectionA
1、prepare:
预备〔for〕
eg:
Mymotherispreparingfoodfortheguests.
2、saythanksto向…道谢
Eg:
Remembertosaythankstoyourmother.
Sayhelloto向…打招呼
3、Begoingto打算做…
Eg:
HeisgoingtoBeijing.
Will侧重及时的想法eg:
I’mthirsty,Iwillgetsomethingtodrink.
SectionB
1、Becausehecan’tgetatickettoTheSoundofMusic.因为他没有买到《音乐之声》的票.
to表“的”,常见的搭配如下:
atickettoTheSoundofMusic一张《音乐之声》的票
theanswertothequestion问题的答案
thekeytothedoor门的钥匙
thewayto…去…..的路
2、beproudof以…自豪
Eg:
Weareproudofourlonghistory.
3、setthetable摆桌子
4、beableto能…〔后接动词原形〕=can
Eg:
I’mabletoswim.
can与beableto二者都表“能;会”,在指“一般能力”时,常互换。
如:
Hecan/isabletoworkouttheproblem.他能算出这道难题.
区别:
can只有现在式和过去式(could),没有数的变化;而beableto有时态及数的变化.如:
I/Shecouldn’tswimthreeyearsago,butnowI/Shecan.
三年前,我/她可不能游泳,但现在我/她能.
Iwillbeabletoseehimnextweek.下周,我将会看到他.
Theywere/Hewasabletoclimbthemountain,butnowtheyaren’t/Hewasn’t.They’re/Hewastooold.他们/他过去能爬得上这座山,但现在不能.他们/他太老了.
5、Everythinggoeswell.一切顺利
由every,no,some,any和thing,one,body构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数
Eg:
Everythingisready.
Anyonecansucceedifheworkhard.
SectionC
1、I’llringupMichaellater.稍后我打电话给迈克.
ringupsb.=call/ring/phonesb.=givesb.aring/call/telephone=makeatelephonetosb.
当宾语为代词时,只能放中间.如:
ringme/him/herup
SectionD
1、IthinkMr.Leelikesitverymuchandreallywishestowatchit.我认为李老师特别喜爱它而且的确想去看.wish/hopetodosth.盼望做某事
与wish相关的结构还有:
wish/hope+that引导的从句;如:
Iwish/hope(that)wewillwin.
我们能够说wishsb.todosth.而不能说hopesb.todosth.;
2、Thelonelyfatheroftenbecameangrybecauseofthenoisychildren.孤独的父亲经常由于吵吵闹闹的的孩子们而发怒了。
becauseof“由于”,是介词短语,后常跟名词或短语。
如:
Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecauseofhisillness./becausehewasill.
由于他的病,他没来上学。
Wedidn’tgotherebecauseoftheheavyrain./becauseitrainedheavily.
由于大雨,我们没去那儿。
alone和lonely
Eg:
Theoldmanlivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.
(alone强调独自、个体;lonely强调感情的寂寞)
3、Mariawasabletocheerupthefamilybyteachingthemtosinglivelysongs…
玛丽亚有能力通过教他们唱轻快的歌曲使整个家庭振作起来。
by是介词,指“通过〔某种方式〕”,后面跟名词、代词、形容词或动名词。
4、WhatdidMariagototheVonTrappfamilyfor?
=WhydidMariagototheVonTrapp?
玛丽亚为了什么目的去冯特拉普家庭?
5、…andthemotherwassoworriedthatshelookedforhimeverywhere,…
这位母亲是如此焦急,以致于他四处查找他。
so+adj/adv.+that+句子指“如此…以致于”
eg:
Theboyissoyangthathecan’tlookafterhimselfwell.
=Theboyistooyangtolookafterhimselfwell.
SectionD
1、comeintobeing形成
eg:
BeijingOperacameintobeingmorethan200yearsago.
2、befullof充满
eg:
Theglassisfullofwater.=Theglassisfilledwithwater.
3、bepopularwith受到…欢迎
eg:
TheBeijingOperaispopularwithpeoplefromhomeandabroad.
4、重点语法
1、系表结构:
Linkingverb.+adj.常见的连系动词如下:
1〕be动词:
Heishelpful.Theyaretired.
2)表“…起来”:
look看起来;sound听起来;taste尝起来;feel摸起来等等.如:
3〕表状态变化的连系动词有:
get变得;turn转变;go变;become变成等等.如:
Insummer,thedaysgetlonger,theweathergetswarmer.
Infall,theleavesturnyellow.Themotherwentmad.
Hebecameangry.
2、because引导的缘故状语从句:
because用来回答why提问的问句,表示的缘故语气特别强,一般用在主句后面,强调因果关系.
Mr.Wanglookstiredbecauseheworkedlatelastnightanddidn’tgetenoughsleep.
Kangkangisdisappointedbecausehisbestfriendisnotabletocome.
----Whydotheyfeelproud?
----Becauseaplayerfromtheircountrywonamedal.
Topic2I’mreallyworriedaboutBeth.
SectionA
1、Anythingwrong?
=Isthereanythingwrong?
有什么麻烦吗?
形容词修饰不定代词要后置.如:
somethingbad不好的情况everythingnew一切新的事物
1、Whatseemstobetheproblem?
大概有什么问题?
seemtodosth.“大概做某事”常与“Itseemsthat+句子”转换,如:
Heseemstoknowhername.=Itseemsthatheknowshername.大概他明白她的名字.
seem+adj“大概(怎么样)”,构成系表结构.如:
Youseemsad.=Youseem(tobe)sad.=Itseemsthatyouaresad.你大概特别难过.
2、bestrictwith对…要求严格
Eg:
Ourteachersarealwaysstrictwithus.
3、beworriedabout…担心…
eg:
Heissick,soIamworriedabouthishealth.
5、cheerup使…振作
Eg:
Annisill,hisclassholdapartytocheerherup.
SectionB
1、Wh+动词不定式作宾语
Eg:
Idon’tknowhowtotalkwithothers.
Weshoulddecidewheretomeetfirst.
2、attheage〔在那个年龄〕和attheageof〔在几岁时〕
Eg:
Attheageofsix,hecanwriteshortstories.
3、…,butIdon’tknowhowtogetotherstudentstotalkwithme.然而我不明白怎么样使他们和我交谈.
使役动词:
make,get,let
getsb.todosth.“使(让/叫)某人做某事”,相当于ask/tellsb.todosth.或者说let/makesb.dosth.〔不带to〕
Eg:
Thecruel〔残忍的〕bossmadetheworkersworkdayandnight.
=Thecruel〔残忍的〕bossgettheworkerstoworkdayandnight.
4、inone’s+数词〔整十复数〕在…多大时
eg:
Inhisthirties,hebecameadoctor.在他三十多岁时,他成为了一名医生。
5、callsbat+电话号码
eg:
Ifyouwantmoreinformation,pleasecallmeat88888888.
6、toomuch太多〔后接不可数名词〕
eg:
Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.
Toomany太多〔后接可数名词〕
Eg:
Therearetoomanypeopleinthisroom.
Muchtoo特别
Eg:
Thisboxismuchtooheavy,Ican’tmoveit.
SectionC
1、Itisimportanttotalktosomeoneelse.跟其它人交流特别重要.
句型“Itis+adj.+todo”中,“It”是形式主语,真正主语是后面的动词不定式.如:
Itisnormaltofeeltiredafteralongtrip.长途旅行后,感到疲劳是正常的.
Itisdangeroustoswiminthesea.在大海里游泳是特别危险的.
句型“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”花了某人某时做某事.如:
Ittookmethreedaystofinishthiswork.花了我三天时间完成这项工作.
2、Itissaidthat…据说……
3、...whensomethingbadhappenstous.当不好的情况发生在我们身上时.
“sth.happenstosb.”,指“某事发生在某人身上”.是一种惯用句型.如:
Aseriousaccidenthappenedtohisbrotheryesterday.
昨天,一个重大事故发生在他的兄弟身上.
happentodosth.指“碰巧做某事”,如:
IhappenedtoseemyfriendJiminthestreetyesterday.
昨天,我碰巧在街上看到我的朋友吉姆.
4、Howtimeflies!
“光阴似箭!
”是Howquicklythetimeflies!
简略句.
5、Itrytojoininactivitiesofmanykinds.我尽量参加各式各样的活动.
joininsth.指“参加……活动”,相当于takepartin或bein.
join指“参加某个组织或团体”
6、HowdoesJeffdealwithhissadness?
杰夫怎么样处理他的忧伤的?
How…dealwith?
“怎么样处理?
”相当于“What….dowith?
”
Eg:
Hedoesn’tknowhowtodealwiththeproblems.
=Hedoesn’tknowwhattodowiththeproblems.
SectionD
1、notanylonger不再=nolonger
Eg:
Hedoesn’twanttosinganylonger.
=Henolongerwantstosing.
not…anymore=nomore表“不再……”,指次数上不再.
not…anylonger=nolonger表“不再……”,指时间上不再.如:
Youaren’tachildanylonger.=Youarenolongerachild.你不再是个小孩了.
Wedidn’tvisithimanymore.=Wevisitedhimnomore.我们再也不去拜访他了.
Topic3Michaelisfeelingbetter.
SectionA
1、make+宾语+形容词“使某人怎么样”
Weshoulddosomethingtomakehimhappyagain.
1.makesb,dosth.使(让)某人做某事
SomeprogramsonTVmakemewanttosleep.
1、I’mfeelingevenworse.我甚至觉得更糟了.
much,alittle与even常用来修饰比较级.如:
eg:
Heismucholderthanme.他比我大得多。
JimisalittletallerthanTom.吉姆比汤姆高一点。
2、I’mafraidofcatchingSARS.我可怕患上非典.
beafraidof(doing)sth.表”可怕(做)某事/物”如
eg:
I’mafraidofgettinginjections.我可怕打针.
Iamafraidofsnakes.我可怕蛇.
Heisafraidofswimming.他可怕游泳.
3、takemedicine服药
Eg:
Takethesepillsthreetimesaday.
4、Ifwehavetime,we’llcomeovertoseeyouagain.假如我们有时间,我们将会顺便再来看你.
if引导条件状语从句.从句用一般现在时,主句用一般今后时.
Eg:
Ifwearealwayssadandworried,we’llbecomeangryeasily.假如我们老是难过,焦虑的话,我们就会容易生气.
Ifwestayangryfortoolong,we’llbeill.假如我们长时间生气的话,我们就会生病.
5、taketurns轮流
Eg:
WewilltaketurnstohelpwithyourEnglish.
6、learn…byoneself自学
Eg:
Helearnedtodancebyhimselfwhenhewasyoung.
7、getwell康复
well是副词,修饰动词。
作为形容词来用时,是“身体健康”的意思。
Eg:
Shedanceswell.(well是副词)
Takecareofyou,you’llbewellsoon.(well是形容词)
good是形容词,“好的”eg:
Heisagoodboy.
SectionB
1、getalong/on〔well〕withsb和…(友好)相处
Eg:
Weshouldgetalong/on〔well〕witheachother.
2、inagood/badmood情绪特别好/差
3、begood/badfor对…有好/坏处
Eg:
Drinkingsomemilkisgoodforyourhealth.
Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes.
SectionC:
1、fill…with…用…装满=fullof
eg:
Pleasefilltheglasswithbeer.
Theglassisfullofwater.
SectionD
1、thinkover认真考虑相关的短语:
~of想起~about考虑
UNIT?
6
topic1Wearegoingonaspringfieldtrip
Section
1、atwo-dayvisit两天的旅程
数词-名词〔单数〕作定语,修饰名词
Eg:
aten-year-oldboy一个十岁的男孩
aneight-year-oldgirl或an8-year-oldgirl
〔类似的8、18、80、八十几等以八开头的数词要用an〕
2、decide决定〔+todosth;onsth〕
eg:
Wedecidetogoonatripbybike.
Wewillmeettogethertodecideonabestplantomorrow.
3、复习动词不定式用法。
SectionB
1、to…的
eg:
keystothequestionsadoortothehouse
wayto…通往…的路someticketstoBeijing
2、arrive到达〔at/in+地点〕=getto=reach
Eg:
TheyarrivedinBeijinginarainyday.〔in+大地方〕
Theyarrivedatthebusstopinarainyday.〔at+小地方〕
Theygetto/reachthebusstopinarainyday.
SectionC
1、afford负担的起
eg:
Manyfamiliescan’taffordtheeducationoftheirchildreninChinainthepast.
2、comeupwith想出
eg:
Wediscussedforalongtime,atlast,wecameupwithagoodidea.
catchupwith赶上
Eg:
Hestudiedhardtocatchupwithothers.
4、lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事(to是介词,后接V-ing)
Eg:
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.
SectionD
1、assoonas一…就…
eg:
Assoonaswegottothestop,webegantohelpothers.
2、aplaceofinterest名胜
Eg:
TherearemanyplacesofinterestinChina.
Topic2HowaboutexpliringtheMingTombs?
SectionA
1、bebusydoing忙于做某事
eg:
Allthestudentsarebusyrecitingthetext.
2、beonvacation在度假
eg:
MrLeeisonvacationinBeijing
SectionB
1、liesin/to/on位于…
表示地点的介词
表示方位的in,to,on
in表示在某一地区之内的某方位〔属于该范围〕;to表示在某一地区之外的某方位〔不属于该范围〕;on表示与某地的毗邻关系。
Eg:
FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.=FujianliesinthesoutheastofChina.
JapanistotheeastofChina.=JapanliestotheeastofChina.
KoreaisontheeastofChina.=KorealiesontheeastofChina.
SectionC
1、largerandlarger越来越大
形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级越来越…
eg:
Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.
2、through和across穿过
Eg:
Theywentthroughaforestandfindtheirlosthorses.(从事物的内部穿过)
Thearmywentacrossthebridgeinaline.(从事物的表面穿过)
3、outofsight脱离了视线
SectionD
1、standfor代表=isasymbolof
Eg:
?
The?
Tang?
costume?
stands?
for?
Chinese?
fashion?
culture?
and?
the?
long?
history?
of?
China.
The?
Tang?
costumeisasymbolofChinese?
fashion?
culture?
and?
the?
long?
history?
of?
China.
2、shoutat对…大喊
eg:
Don’tshoutatothers.
Topic3Bicyclesarepopular
SectionB
1、befamousfor/as以/作为…出名
Eg:
Chinaisfamousforchinaandsilk.
YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.
2、goondoingsth接着做某事
eg:
Afterhavingarest,hewentonworking.(做同一件事)
3、复习if引导的条件状语从句
Unit7FoodFestival
Topic1.Wearepreparingforafoodfestival
SectionA
1、DoyouknowaboutDanielIgali?
你明白丹尼尔·艾格雷吗?
knowabout“了解”,knowalotabout…“对某事了解特别深”,knowalittleabout…“对某事或某人了解一些”,而know是“明白”,“认识”之意,如:
Iknowher.我认识她。
Iknowabouther.我了解她。
二者意思不同。
2.Ihaveheardofhim.我从未听说过他。
hearofsb./sth“听说过某人或某事”
hear+that从句“听说,得知”
hearfromsb.“收到某人的来信”
hear“听见”〔强调结果〕listen“注意听”〔强调动作〕
3、I’llthinkoverhowweshouldorganizethefoodfestival.我将认真考虑我们应该怎么样组织这次美食节。
thinkover“认真考虑”
thinkof/about“考虑,思考”〔thinkof还有“想起”之意〕
4、Let’stryourbesttomakeitsuccessful.让我们尽力成功举办这次美食节活动。
①tryone’sbest=doone’sbest尽力,努力
②makesb./sth.successful使……获得成功
SectionB
1、What’smore,I’msurethatsellingriceanddumplingdishescanmakealotofmoney.
而且,我相信出售米饭和饺子会赚特别多钱。
①What’smore(口语)而且,更有甚者
Sheisabeautifulgirl.What’smore,sheisfriendlytous.
她是一个漂亮的女孩,而且对人也友好
②sellingriceanddumplingdishes是v-ing分词短语做主语。
2、It’sapleasure.
用于感谢的答语还有:
That’sOk./That