基础英语试题与答案.docx
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基础英语试题与答案
2001年
PartIVocabulary找近意词
1.Ravage------toenrage;toplunder;todevour;towearaway
ravage:
1）Tobringheavydestructionon;devastate毁灭：
产生巨大的灾难；彻底毁坏
2）Topillage;sack:
劫掠；抢劫
Enrage:
Toputintoarage;infuriate.激怒；使狂怒
2.Edify-------toscold;topraise;toimproveandenlighten;tohaveexceptionalpleasurefrom
Edify:
启发Toinstructespeciallysoastoencourageintellectual,moral,orspiritualimprovement.
3.Haggle------towrangle;toscold;tolie;tobeg
Haggle:
1）Tobargain,asoverthepriceofsomething
2）Toargueinanattempttocometoterms为达成协议而进行争论
4.Curtail------tocurlorintertwine;todepriveof;toconfuse;tocutshort
5.Supplicate-------tostrangle;togrowweak;tobeghumble,toentreat,adjure;tocurse
6.Extol------toannounce;tocollect;toscoldorharass;topraise
Extol:
Topraisehighly;exalt
7.Facilitate-------totease;tomakeeasy;topretend;tocongratulate
tease取笑,逗恼
8.Cavort------toprancearound;tofling;tofindfaultwith;toenjoyinacarefreemanner
1）Toboundorpranceaboutinasprightlymanner;caper.跳跃：
以活泼的姿态跳跃或腾跃；蹦跳
2）Tohavelivelyorboisterousfun;romp:
嬉闹：
愉快或吵闹地嬉戏；嬉闹：
9.Sully-玷污,弄脏---tokeephidden,makesecret;tohinder;todefile;soil;toputtheblameonsomeone
10.Usurp----tochargehighinterestrates;tointrudeupon;todisturb;toseizepowerorposition
usury高利贷
11.Goad-----toannoy;toinciteorspur;toargue;tobeg
用刺棒驱赶,驱策,激励,唆使
12.Augment-----tourge;todispute;topromise;toincrease,addto
13.Inundate------toflood;deluge;tobreakdown;toretreat;toenterintoanagreement
14.Waive放弃------toforgo;todemand;tolookfor;tobeirresolute
15.Confound使混淆,把...搞混,挫败,讨厌-----toimpress;tobringtogether;tofrustrate;toconfuse,perplex
confoundfictionandfact.把事实与假设混为一谈
PartIIVocabulary选词填空
1.A
adjudicate判决,宣判
2.B
[常用于否定句]容许
Thesituationdoesnotpermitofanydelay.情况不允许有任何耽搁。
perpetrateacrime犯罪
3.A,B?
impulsion冲动;impulse推动,刺激,冲动,推动力
Sheboughtthedressonimpulse.她一时冲动买了这件衣服。
amanofimpulse易冲动的人
4.D
Compulsive强迫的；难以抑制的
Compulsivedrinkingisbadforone'shealth.不加节制的饮酒有害健康。
5.B
Emit:
发射，发出声音
6.D
genial亲切的
7.A
tantalizing非常着急的
tantalize逗弄,使干着急
tenable可维持的
tendentious有倾向的,有偏见的
8.C
toretainone'sbalance保持平衡;aleveetoretainthelake挡住湖水的堤坝
9.A
Obtrude:
1）Toimpose（oneselforone'sideas）on/uponotherswithundueinsistenceorwithoutinvitation.：
以不合适的坚持或在没有被邀请时将自己或某人的观点强加于别人
2）Tothrustout;pushforward.挤出：
挤出；推向前
10.C
Nonchalant冷淡的=phlegmatic,impassive,indifferent
11.A
impertinent无关的,鲁莽的,不相干的
smalltalk闲聊
breakinto:
打断，闯入
Pertinent=relevant,Havinglogical,preciserelevancetothematterathand
pertinacious固执的
12.C
reside（与in连用）存在于，属于
resit<英>vt.（尤指考试不及格后）再参加（考试）
13.A
Depositsilt沉积淤泥
deprave堕落Todebase,especiallymorally
deport举止,驱逐
demote使降级,使降职Toreduceingrade,rank,orstatus.
14.B
afusionofinterests利益的熔合fission裂开,分裂
Afusionofreligionandpoliticsemerged.出现了政教合一的局面
infusion灌输
confusion迷惑
induction感应,引发,归纳
15.A
Fragment片段
fraction小部分,分数
PartIIIVocabulary词意辨析
1.Theweatherforecastsaysitisliabletoraintoday.
Thisshoeisapttoslip.这种鞋容易滑倒。
Thetrainislikelytobelate.这趟火车很可能晚点。
2.
alumnus男校友
alumni男校友的复数形（有时候作为男女毕业生统称）
alumna女校友
alumnae女校友的复数形
3.Thewordredhasanunpleasantconnotationformanypeople.
Denotation（directnote）直接意思，字面意义。
Themostspecificordirectmeaningofaword,incontrasttoitsfigurativeorassociatedmeanings.
直接意义：
一个词最特定的或最直接的意义，与它的喻意或相关意相对
Connotation:
言外之意，内涵
Anideaormeaningsuggestedbyorassociatedwithawordorthing:
含意：
用一个词或一件事表示出的思想或意义：
Hollywoodholdsconnotationsofromanceandglitteringsuccess.
好莱坞一词包含了浪漫与耀眼的成就的含意
4.Duetothebadweather,wearrivedlate.
5.Onecouldsaythatallcatsare?
?
egoist自我主义者
altruist利他主义者,爱他主义者altruism（anothertrue）
egotism自我中心,自尊自大
egotist
1）Aconceited,boastfulperson.自大的人：
自负，吹牛的人
2）Aselfish,self-centeredperson.自私的人：
自私，自我中心的人
6.Theaudienceyawnedandseemeduninterestedinthespeech.
Disinterested（弟弟无利益）:
Freeofbiasandself-interest;impartial:
无偏见和私欲的，公正不阿的：
Uninterested（uncle无兴趣）不感兴趣的,无利害关系的
7.MylittlesoniseagerlylookingforwardtoChristmas.
eagerly热心地,急切地
anxiously忧虑地,不安地
8.Hehasacontemptuousattitudetowardsloppy（肮脏的，潮湿的）work.
contemplable沉思的,能够被构思的contemplate凝视,沉思
contemptuous:
manifestingorfeelingcontempt;scornful.鄙视的：
表示轻蔑的或感觉不屑的；鄙视的
9.TheGrandCanyon（大峡谷）isofincomparable（=unparallel）beauty举世无双的美.
10.ophthalmologist眼科专家,眼科医师
optometrist验光师,视力测定者
11.Golfisthevocationofaprofessionalgolfer.
12.Yourworkforthecommitteehasbeenmostcreditable.
credible可信的,可靠的worthyofconfidence,reliable
acreditableeffort值得赞扬的成就
13.Thisisthemosthistoricbuildinginthetown.
Historic:
havingimportanceinorinfluenceonhistory.在历史上重要的，有历史影响的
ahistoricmeetingbetweenthetwoleaders两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见
historical历史（上）的,有关历史的relatingtohistory
14.Ican’tstandyourcontinual/continuousinterruption.
15.Ifyouhaveacoughaccompaniedwithafever,seeadoctor.
ShewenttoEuropeaccompaniedbyhercolleague.
PartIIIFillinginthemissingwords
One
TakeforinstancetheeveningofDecember31,1994,whenIbeganmyassignment_as_theforeignaffairscolumnistforTheNewYorkTimes.Istatedthecolumn_serial__writingfromTokyo,andwhenIarrivedattheOkuraHotel_after_alongtranspacific（横渡太平洋的）flight,Icalledroomservice__on_onesimplerequest:
“Couldyoupleasesendme_only__fouroranges”Iamaddicted_to__citrus（柑橘类）andIneededafix.Itseemedtomeasimple___orderwhenItelephoneditin,andthepersonontheotherend_quicklycame__tounderstand.Abouttwentyminutes_later__therewasaknockatmydoor.Aroomservicewaiterwasstandingthere_in__hisperfectlycreased（起皱褶的）uniform.Infrontofhimwasacart_covered_byastarched浆硬的whitetablecloth.__On____thetableclothwerefourtall_glasses___offresh-squeezedorangejuice,__beside__glasssetregally（为王,象帝王地）__was_asmallsilverbowlofice.
Two
Ibelievethat__if_youwanttounderstandthepost-ColdWarworldyou_ought__tostartbyunderstandingthatanewinternationalsystem__has_succeeded（followed）it-------globalization._It__is“TheOneBigThing”peopleshouldfocuson.Globalizationisnottheonlything_making_eventsintheworldtoday,buttothe_broadsense_thatthereisaNorthStarandaworldwideshaping__network___,itisthissystem.Whatisnewisthe_systemitself__;whatis__old__ispowerpolitics,chaos,clashingcivilizations__and__liberalism.__Suppose___whatisthedramaofthepost-ColdWarworldistheinteraction__in__thisnewsystem__among__alltheseoldpassionsandaspirations.Itisacomplexdrama,_with_thefinalactstillnotwritten.
Three
Electionsalonewillneverbeenoughtoensure__effective__governance;RussiaandPakistanareproof_sample（样本）__ofthat.Atthesame_time_,justinstallingmodernoperating_system_andsoftwareinacountry,__or__holdingregularelectionsthatcan_prevent__corruptleaders,willneverbe__efficacious_either.Thatiswhythewisest_leaders_indevelopingcountrieswillbeno_politicians__,andwithoutbettersoftwareand__operating_systemstherewillbenoherd（兽群,民众）
PartIVRedingandAnsweringQuestions
Gab饶舌,多嘴
Crave:
Tohaveanintensedesirefor.
Obscurity身份低微
Evocatively唤起的
assertiveness断定的,过分自信的
disambiguate[语]消除…的歧义
cybernetic控制论的
1.Wheniscommunicationdifferentfromconversation?
Communicationdefersfromconversationforthereasonthattheformercanbebothverbalandwritten,anditincludestelephonelinks,telecommunicationexchanges,E-mail,theInternetorWritingreports.However,conversationismerelywordsexchangebetweentwoormoreindividuals;ofcourseitcanalsobenon-verbal.
2.Whatdoes“effectivecommunication”mean?
Theabilityforeffectivecommunicationcanbeconsideredassoftskill.Effectivecommunicationreferstoaprocessofsuccessfulcommunicationthroughuseofvarietyofresourcesbothverbal,non-verbalandwritten.
3.Whatcouldbeconsiderednon-verbalcommunication?
Non-verbalcommunicationincludesnotonlybodymovements,gestures,smell,butalsoextra-linguisticfeaturesofspeechlikeintonation,speed,pauseetc.
4.Whatfunctionscouldnon-verbalcommunicationserve?
Non-verbalcommunicationcanprovidethecontextofverbalcommunicationandalsohasthepowertomakeitclearorinvalidthecontentoflinguisticexpressions.
5.Howcanyouimproveyoursoftskills?
Wemaydevelopoutsoftskillsfrombasicallythreeways:
tobeginwith,seekateacheroraseniorleader,moreexperiencedcolleaguestohelpyou,sinceyoumaylearnmuchquicklyfromtheirwaysofcommunicationwithotherpeople.Moreover,theabilitytomakeafluentspeechisalsoimportant.Youcanimprovetheabilitybysigningupforwritingandspeakingcoursethroughuniversitydistanceeducation.Youmakefinditmuchbeneficialtotalkwithacounselor.Finally,self-imageissignificantasthecompetitionforwinningajobheatsup.Appearanceandbodylanguageindicateyoureducation,personalityandsoon.
PartVChineseSummary
Doom-and-gloomstory
Findesiecleeschatologist世界末日的来世论学者
RipplethroughoutEastAsia波及整个东亚地区。
Creep---crept
Emanating
Prognoses预测，先知
Dreary
August
Jeopardy
Blip
Firswhiff
Flunk=failtheexam
Weskippedscienceclassagain.我们又一次逃了自然科学课
补考resitfortheexam==dothemakeupexam
2002年
PartI
1.Andy’sjocularmannermadehimlovedbyallhiscompanions.
jocular诙谐的jesting笑话,滑稽=ludicrous
2.Theartstudentsareenthralledbythesheerbeautyoftheportraitwhichhungbeforeth
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