高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练31 阅读填空1.docx

高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练31 阅读填空1.docx

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高考英语二轮复习限时专题训练31阅读填空1

专题限时训练（三十一）　[阅读填空

（一）]

（限时：

每篇15分钟）

A

Whilethedebateoverschooluniformsiscomplicated,theprosofwearingschooluniformsareobvious.

Mostteachersandschoolofficialsfeelthatschooluniformsmakeabetterstudent.Theybelievethattheuniformsreducedistractions（分心）anddisciplineproblems.Somestudentshaveturnedschoolintoanunendingfashionshow.Thisdistractsfromlearningassomekidsspendmoretimefocusingontheirclothesthanonhomework.Somesaythatachildinaschooluniformismorelikelytotakeschoolseriously.Puttingontheschooluniformsignalsheorsheisgoingtoschooljustlikedaddressesuptogotowork.Schoolsreportthatwhenstudentsdressin“workclothes”ratherthan“playclothes”theytakeamoreseriousapproachtotheirstudies.Someteachersfeelwearingaschooluniformhelpsbuildschoolspirit.Schoolsreportanincreaseinschoolprideafterintroducingauniformpolicy.

theyaredresseduniformly.Theysuggeststhatifstudentsworeuniforms,theirself-imagewouldbebasedonacademicachievements.Theyalsosayschooluniformslast

B

Allofus,atsomepoint,experiencenightswherewehavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.TheNationalInstituteofHealthestimatesthatoneinthreeadultshavebitsofmildsleeplessnessorinsomnia（失眠）,whileoneintensufferfromchronic（长期的）insomnia.

Sleeplessnesscanbecausedbymanydifferentthings.Mostpeopleexperiencesleeplessnessforanoutsidestimulus（刺激）suchasstress,improperdietorapoorsleepingenvironment.Oncethestimuluspasses,theabilitytosleepwillusuallyreturn.Chronicsleeplessnessmaybecausedbyongoinghealthconcernssuchasthephysicalpainofarthritis（关节炎）ortheemotionalpainofanxietyanddepression.

Thosethatsufferfromsleeplessnightsmayfindthemselvesfeelingsleepyortiredduringtheday.Theabilitytoconcentrateorfocusonataskreducesandtheyarelessmentallyalert.Becausethebodyneedssleeptosupportahealthyimmunesystem,thosewhohavelittlesleepmaybemoreaffectedbybothacuteandchronicillnesseslikehighbloodpressureanddiabetes.

Sleeplessnessnotonlyhaseffectsonyourphysicalselfbutalsoyouremotionalwellbeing.Beingunabletosleepwellforafewnightsmayonlyproduceanger.However,ifsleeplessnessbecomeschronic,thepricecouldbemuchhigherintheformofanxiety,depressionandpossiblysubstanceabuse.Thosewithchronicsleeplessnessmayturntocontrolledsubstanceslikesleepingpillsandalcoholtohelpthemhaveagoodnight’ssleep.

Therearenumerouswaysformildsleeplessnessathome.Prepareyourbodyforsleepbyavoidingdrinkssuchasteaorcoffeebeforebed.Don’texercisetoomuchbeforebedtime;instead,dosomethingtorelaxyourself.Finally,createafavorablesleepingenvironmentbyremovingstimulantsfromyourbedroomlikeextralightingoratelevision.Ifyoustillcannotfindrelief,itmaybetimetovisityourphysicianforhelp.

C

Airpollutionreferstotheintroductionofsomeharmfulgasesandparticulatematter（颗粒物质）intheEarth’satmospherewhichinturnresultsinpollutionofairthatthevariousformsofliferequireforvariouslifeprocesses.Thereexistnaturalcausesofairpollutionsuchasvolcaniceruptions,wildfires,etc.aswellashumancausessuchasvehicleemissions,industrialsmoke,etc.Overthelastfewdecades,theairpollutioncausedbyhumanshasbecomealotmoreseriousandcommonthannaturalairpollution.

Airpollutionaffectsallformsoflifeincludinghumans,plantsandanimalsontheplanet.Alongwithhumans,animalsaredependentonoxygenintheair.Whenpollutedairisinhaled（吸入）forbreathingoxygen,severalharmfulgasesarealsoinhaledalongwiththislifesavinggas.Theseharmfulgasesarebelievedtoaffectanimalsinthesamemannerinwhichtheyaffecthumans.Expertsalsosuggestthattheparticulatemattertheanimalsinhaleoveralongperiodcangatherintheirtissuesandcausedamagetotheirorgansinthelongrun.Inadditiontoinhalingtheharmfulcontaminants（污染物）directly,animalscanalsocomeincontactwiththesecontaminantsfromthefoodtheyeatandabsorbthemthroughtheirskin.Somestudiesdoshowthattheeffectsofairpollutiononanimalspeciesaremuchmoreseriousthantheyareonushumans.

Therapidrateatwhichairpollutionisoccurringisnotevengivingtheanimalsachancetoadapttothechangesintheenvironment.Inthelongterm,theseeffectsarelikelytoresultinextinction（灭绝）ofspecies,whichwillindirectlyaddtoourdangerbecausewealongwithalltheseanimalsformtheecologicalenvironmentwhereallspeciesdependoneachother.Therefore,allofusaresupposedtomakeanefforttoreduceairpollution.

D

Hairisoneofthecommonestpartsofthebodyandsomethingthatisgivenalotofattention.You’vehaditsincebirthandyoutakecareofiteveryday.Buthowmuchdoyouknowaboutyourhair?

Theaverageheadofhairismadeupof120,000strands（根）,eachofwhichhasalifeexpectancyofaboutthreeyears.Whilesomehairsaregrowing,othersareresting,andothersarefallingout.

Ahairismadeupoftwoparts:

theshaft（发丝）andtheroot.Theshaftisavisible（or:

seen）part.Ithasacomplexstructure.Therootisthelivingpartofthehair.Itisherethatcellsdevelopandformtheshaft.Italsohasaverycomplexstructure.

Everydayanormalheadofabout120,000hairswilllosebetween50and100hairs—or30,000hairsperyear.Hairdies,fallsout,andgrowsagain.Thelifecycleismadeupofthreestages.First,alongandactivegrowthperiodthatlastsaboutthreeyears—thehairgrows.Second,averyshorttransition（过渡）periodthatlastsaboutthreeweeks,duringwhichtimethehairisinactive—thehairfollicleshrinks.Third,arestingperiodofaboutthreemonths—attheendofthisperiodthehairispushedoutandlost.Thiscyclerunsconstantlythroughoutlife.

Ahairgrowsfrom1to1.5cmeachmonthanditsusuallifeexpectancyisaboutthreeyears.Soverylonghairisrarelyseen.However,therearesomepeoplewhodogrowlonghair.

Themostcommonformofhairlossdoesnotcomefromdisease.Infactwecanalmostsayitisasecondarysexualcharacteristic.Itiscalledandrogeneticalopecia（alsoknownaspatternbaldness）andresultsfromacombinationofgeneticandhormonal（荷尔蒙的）factors.

Therearetwosortsofmelanin（黑色素）presentinalltypesofhair,indifferentproportions.Thesemakeitpossibletoobtainallthedifferentshadesofcolor—blonde（orgolden）,brownorred.

专题限时训练（三十二）　◄　主干专题讲练　

作

专题限时训练（三十一）

A

1．SchoolUniform　综合全文内容可判断。

2．Opinions　综合右栏内容可判断。

3．Reducing　根据第二段Theybelievethattheuniformsreducedistractions（分心）anddisciplineproblems.可判断。

4．theirstudies　根据第二段Schoolsreportthatwhenstudentsdressin“workclothes”ratherthan“playclothes”theytakeamoreseriousapproachtotheirstudies.可判断。

5．buildschoolspirit　根据第二段Someteachersfeelwearingaschooluniformhelpsbuildschoolspirit.可判断。

6．parents　根据第三段Tomanyparents,uniformsarealessexpensivealternativetoshoppingatspecialtyanddepartmentstores.可判断。

7．economical　根据第三段Theyarguethatschooluniformsareeconomical,especiallycomparedtodesignerclothing.可判断。

8．fightingandviolence　根据第三段What’smore,schooluniformsdecreasefightingandviolencethatariseoutofargumentsoverfashionableclothes.可判断。

9．easetensions　根据第三段Schoolsstrugglingwithgang（一帮）problemsreportthatschooluniformshelpeasetensions.可判断。

10．Conclusion　根据全文最后一句可判断。

B

11．different　根据第一段TheNationalInstituteofHealthestimatesthatoneinthreeadultshavebitsofmildsleeplessnessorinsomnia（失眠）,whileoneintensufferfromchronic（长期的）insomnia.可判断。

12．Causes　根据第二段Sleeplessnesscanbecausedbymanydifferentthings.可判断。

13．Anoutsidestimulus　根据第二段Mostpeopleexperiencesleeplessnessforanoutsidestimulus（刺激）suchasstress,improperdietorapoorsleepingenvironment.可判断。

14．Physical　根据第四段Sleeplessnessnotonlyhaseffectsonyourphysicalselfbutalsoyouremotionalwellbeing.可判断。

15．illnesses　根据第三段…thosewhohavelittlesleepmaybemoreaffectedbybothacuteandchronicillnesseslikehighbloodpressureanddiabetes.可判断。

16．Producinganger　根据第四段Beingunabletosleepwellforafewnightsmayonlyproduceanger.可判断。

17．depression　根据第四段However,ifsleeplessnessbecomeschronic,thepricecouldbemuchhigherintheformofanxiety,depressionandpossiblysubstanceabuse.可判断。

18．Solutions　根据第五段Therearenumerouswaysformildsleeplessnessathome.可判断。

19．teaorcoffee　根据第五段Prepareyourbodyforsleepbyavoidingdrinkssuchasteaorcoffeebeforebed.可判断。

20．relaxingexercises　根据第五段Don’texercisetoomuchbeforebedtime;instead,dosomethingtorelaxyourself.可判断。

C

21．Definition/Meaning/Concept　根据第一段Airpollutionreferstotheintroductionofsomeharmfulgasesandparticulatematter（颗粒物质）intheEarth’satmospherewhichinturnresultsinpollutionofair…可判断。

22．pollutesair　根据第一段Airpollutionreferstotheintroductionofsomeharmfulgasesandparticulatematter（颗粒物质）intheEarth’satmospherewhichinturnresultsinpollutionofair…可判断。

23．Causes　根据第一段Thereexistnaturalcausesofairpollution可判断。

24．Natural　根据第一段Thereexistnaturalcausesofairpollution可判断。

25．withoxygen　根据第二段Whenpollutedairisinhaled（吸入）forbreathingoxygen,severalharmfulgasesarealsoinhaledalongwiththislifesavinggas.Theseharmfulgasesarebelievedtoaffectanimalsinthesamemannerinwhichtheyaffecthumans.可判断。

26．damagingtheirorgans　根据第二段Expertsalsosuggestthattheparticulatemattertheanimalsinhaleoveralongperiodcangatherintheirtissuesandcausedamagetotheirorga