英语专业八级真题.docx
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英语专业八级真题
QUESTIONBOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。
严禁保留、出版或复印。
TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS（2018）
-GRADEEIGHT-
TIMELIMIIT：
150MIN
PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]
SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.
Nowlistentothemini-lecture.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTHREEminutes
tocheckyourwork.
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
InthissectionyouwillhearONEinterview.Theinterviewwillbedividedinto
TWOparts.Attheendofeachpart,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.
BoththeinterviewandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestion
therewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoices
ofA）,B）,C）andD）,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEET
TWO.
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.
Now,listentothefirstinterview.Questions1to5arebasedonPartOneofthe
interview.
Nowlistentotheinterview.
A.Announcementofresults.
B.Lackofatimeschedule.
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C.Slownessinballotscounting.
D.Directionoftheelectoralevents.
A.OthervoiceswithinAfghanistanwantedso.
B.Thedatehadbeensetpreviously.
C.Alltheballotshadbeencounted.
D.TheUNadvisedthemtodoso.
A.Tocalmthevoters.
B.Tospeeduptheprocess.
C.Tosticktotheelectionrules.
A.Unacceptable.
B.Unreasonable.
C.Insensible.
D.Illconsidered.
A.Supportive.
B.Ambivalent.
C.Opposed.
D.Neutral.
NowlisteningtoPartTwooftheinterview.Questions6to10arebasedonPart
Twooftheinterview.
A.Ensurethegovernmentincludesallparties.
B.Discusswhoisgoingtobethewinner.
C.Supervisethecountingofvotes.
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D.Seeksupportfromimportantsectors.
A.36%-24%.
B.46%-34%.
C.56%-44%.
D.66%-54%.
A.Bothcandidates.
B.Electoralinstitutions.
C.TheUnitedNations.
D.Notspecified.
A.Itwasunheardof.
B.Itwasonasmallscale.
C.Itwasinsignificant.
D.Itoccurredelsewhere.
A.Problemsintheelectoralprocess.
B.Formationofanewgovernment.
C.Prematureannouncementofresults.
D.DemocracyinAfghanistan.
PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]
SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiplechoice
questions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswers
markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmark
youransweronANSWERSHEETTWO.
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PASSAGEONE
（1）“Britain'sbestexport,”IwastoldbytheDepartmentofImmigrationin
Canberra,“ispeople.”Closeon100,000peoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesin
thefirstfivemonthsoftheyear,andhalfoftheseareeventuallyexpectedtomigrate
toAustralia.
（2）TheAustralianaredelighted.Theyarekeenlywarethatwithoutastrongflow
ofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyis
unlikelytoproceedattheambitiouspacecurrentlyenvisaged.Thenewmineral
discoveriespromiseasplendidfuture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsof
AmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoensurethattheyareproperlyexploited,
butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthan1.3percent,thegovernment
isunderstandablyanxioustoattractmoreskilledlabor.
（3）AustraliaisroughlythesamesizeasthecontinentalUnitedStates,buthas
onlytwelvemillioninhabitants.Migrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulation
increaseinthelastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountry's
impressiveeconomicdevelopment.Britainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource–
ninetypercentofAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedone
millionmigrantssincetheSecondWorldWar.
（4）Australiahasalsogivengreatattentiontorecruitingpeopleelsewhere.
Australiansdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicantsamongthe
so-called“guestworkers”whohavecrossedtheirownfrontierstoworkinotherarts
ofEurope.Therewereestimatedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalarge
numberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedjobsinAustralia.Italyhas
forsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustralianshave
alsomanagedtoattractalargenumberofGreeksandGermans.
（9）MostBritishmigrantsmisscouncilhousingtheNationalHealthscheme,and
theirrelativesandformerneighbor.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especiallyamong
housewives.Themensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuch
hardertogetusedtoadifferentwayoflife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseof
inadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcorrespondence
withtheiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheirdiscontent.One
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housewifewasquotedrecentlyassaying:
“IevenfindImissthepeopleIusedtohate
athome.”
（10）Rentarehigh,andtherearelongwaitinglistsforHousingCommission
homes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeunexpectedly
rough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,and
peoplearegenerallyexpectedtoworkharderherethantheydoathome.
Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfindingadecentjob.Aboveall,
perhaps,skilledimmigrantsoftenfindsaconsiderablereluctancetoaccepttheir
qualifications.
（11）AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theattitudeofmany
employersandfellowworkersisanythingbutfriendly.“WeAustralians,”itstatedina
recentissue,“arejusttoofondofpaintingtherosypictureofthebig,warm-hearted
Aussie.Asamatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehave
notnottimetobewarm-heartedandconsiderate.Godown“heart-breakalley”
amongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohis
immigrants.”
TheAustralianswantastrongflowofimmigrantsbecause.
Immigrantsspeedupeconomicexpansion
unemploymentisdowntoalowfigure
immigrantsattractforeigncapital
AustraliaisaslargeastheUnitedStates
AustraliaprefersimmigrantsfromBritainbecause.
theyareselectedcarefullybeforeentry
theyarelikelytoformnationalgroups
theyarefondoflivinginsmalltowns
InexplainingwhysomemigrantsreturntoEuropetheauthor.
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stressestheireconomicmotives
emphasizesthevarietyoftheirmotives
stresseslonelinessandhomesickness
emphasizesthedifficultiesofmenoverforty
whichofthefollowingwordsisusedliterally,notmetaphorically?
“flow”（Para.2）.
“injection”（Para.2）.
“gravitate”（Para.5）.
“selective”（Para.6）.
Para.11picturestheAustraliansas.
unsympathetic
ungenerous
undemonstrative
unreliable
PASSAGETWO
（1）Someoftheadvantagesofbilingualismincludebetterperformanceattasks
involving“executivefunction”（whichinvolvesthebrain'sabilitytoplanand
prioritize）,betterdefenseagainstdementiainoldageand—theobvious—theability
tospeakasecondlanguage.Onepurportedadvantagewasnotmentioned,though.
Manymultilingualsreportdifferentpersonalities,orevendifferentworldviews,when
theyspeaktheirdifferentlanguages.
（2）It'sanexcitingnotion,theideathatone'sveryselfcouldbebroadenedby
themasteryoftwoormorelanguages.Inobviousways（exposuretonewfriends,
literatureandsoforth）theselfreallyisbroadened.Yetitisdifferenttoclaim—as
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manypeopledo—tohaveadifferentpersonalitywhenusingadifferentlanguage.A
formerEconomistcolleague,forexample,reportedbeingruderinHebrewthanin
English.Sowhatisgoingonhere?
（3）BenjaminLeeWhorf,anAmericanlinguistwhodiedin1941,heldthateach
languageencodesaworldviewthatsignificantlyinfluencesitsspeakers.Oftencalled
“Whorfianism”,thisideahasitssceptics,buttherearestillgoodreasonstobelieve
languageshapesthought.
（4）Thisinfluenceisnotnecessarilylinkedtothevocabularyorgrammarofa
secondlanguage.Significantly,mostpeoplearenotsymmetricallybilingual.Many
havelearnedonelanguageathomefromparents,andanotherlaterinlife,usuallyat
school.Sobilingualsusuallyhavedifferentstrengthsandweaknessesintheir
differentlanguages—andtheyarenotalwaysbestintheirfirstlanguage.For
example,whentestedinaforeignlanguage,peoplearelesslikelytofallintoa
cognitivetrap（answeringatestquestionwithanobvious-seemingbutwronganswer）
thanwhentestedintheirnativelanguage.Inpartthisisbecauseworkinginasecond
languageslowsdownthethinking.Nowonderpeoplefeeldifferentwhenspeaking
them.Andnowondertheyfeellooser,morespontaneous,perhapsmoreassertiveor
funnierorblunter,inthelanguagetheywererearedinfromchildhood.
（6）Manybilingualsarenotbicultural.Butsomeare.Andofthosebicultural
bilinguals,weshouldbelittlesurprisedthattheyfeeldifferentintheirtwolanguages.
Experimentsinpsychologyhaveshownthepowerof“priming”—smallunnoticed
factorsthatcanaffectbehaviorinbigways.Askingpeopletotellahappystory,for
example,willputtheminabettermood.Thechoicebetweentwolanguagesisa
hugeprime.SpeakingSpanishratherthanEnglish,forabilingualandbicultural
PuertoRicaninNewYork,mightconjurefeelingsoffamilyandhome.Switchingto
Englishmightprimethesamepersontothinkofschoolandwork.
（7）Sotherearetwoverygoodreasons（asymmetricalability,andpriming）that
makepeoplefeeldifferentspeakingtheirdifferentlanguages.Wearestillleftwitha
thirdkind
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