高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题12.docx

高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题12.docx

《高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题12.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题12.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题12

高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（12）

（201*·江苏卷，C）

AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.Unfortunately，thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhetallestwindmills（seepicture）totouchbottom.AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway，however，couldhelpputthemanywhere.

Theproject,calledHywind，istheworld'sfirstlargescaledeepwaterwindturbine（涡轮发电机）．Althoughitusesafairlystandard152ton,2.3megawattturbine，Hywindrepresentstotallynewtechnology.Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar（seepicture），atechnologyHywind'screator，theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro，hasdevelopedrecently.Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowtheseasurface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables（缆索）；thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.Hywind'sstability（稳定性）inthecoldandroughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwindpower.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthecoastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.

Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebiggerturbinesthanHywinddoes,butit'sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighonafloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar'scentreofgravitymustbemovedmuchclosertotheocean'ssurface.Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesignanewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox（变速箱）sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades（seepicture）．

Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwindfarmtechnologycouldbeextremelylarge.Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereallexistingoffshorewindmillsareplanted.Deepseafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelpsovercomethewindmillaseyesoreobjection.Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlowcarbonpowersourcesavailable.

本文为科普短文，讲述世界上第一个深海风力发电机——涡轮发电机以及它的发电原理及好处。

9．TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof________.

A.thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloor

B.thesparwhichisfloatingindeepseawater

C.thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawind

D.thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface

答案：

B。

细节理解题。

由文章第二段特别是“thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves”可知B项正确。

10．Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesignedwithitsgearboxsitting________.

A.ontheseafloorB.onthespartop

C.atsealevelD.behindtheblades

答案：

C。

细节理解题。

由文章第三段最后一句“...onewhosegearboxsitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades.”可知C项正确。

11．Wideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycan________.

A.solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmills

B.makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbines

C.settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblems

D.explorelowcarbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea

答案：

D。

细节理解题。

由文章最后一句“...itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlowcarbonpowersourcesavailable.”可知D项正确。

说明文A

（201*·江西八校联考）

Hightechmachineshavemadelifeeasierformillionsaroundtheworld.However,somepeoplestillpreferlowtechwaysofdoingthings.Here'sanexampleofwhythisishappening.Youcanmicrowaveafrozenhamburgerin60seconds.However,itwon'ttasteasgoodastheoneyoucookonthestove.Andifyou'reinthatmuchofahurry,youprobablywon'ttaketimetotoastthebun.Hightechcookingsavestime,butitdoesn'tmakebettertastingmeals.

MostpeoplegettheirnewsfromhightechsourcesliketelevisionortheInternet.Thishasmanyadvantages.Forexample,electronicnewsismoreuptodatethannewspapersormagazines.It'salsomoreexcitingtoseeliveandvideotapednewseventsthanphotographs.However,newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadthepartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.

Otherhightechtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Forexamples,mostpeopleusethephoneoremailtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymemberswholiveinotherplaces.ButwhenyouusetheInternetorthephone,youdon'talwaysthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouaresaying,andsometimesyouforgettheimportantthingsyouwanttocommunicate.Similarly,whenyouwordprocessahomeworkassignmentinsteadofhandwritingit,youcancheckyourspellingelectronicallyandputinfancyheadings.However,somestudentsaresobusywiththecomputerthattheydon'tpayenoughattentiontotheactualwordstheyarewriting.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thewriterlikeshightechcooking.

B.Lowtechcookingproducesbettertastingmeals.

C.Hightechnewsprogramsalwayskeepyoureadingwhatisimportanttoyou.

D.Handwrittenhomeworkisbetterthanwordprocessedhomework.

2.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthightechtool?

A.Betterlatethannever.

B.Easycome,easygo.

C.Everycoinhastwosides.

D.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.

3.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?

A.Hightechvslowtech.

B.Advantagesvsdisadvantages.

C.NewspapersandmagazinesvstelevisionandtheInternet.

D.Wordprocessingvshandwriting.

4.Howisthetextorganized?

A.Mainidea—Argument—Explanation.

B.Opinion—Discussion—Description.

C.Topic—Comparison—Supportingexamples.

D.Introduction—Supportingexamples—Discussion.

答案与解析：

高科技的机器设备使世界上很多人受益，使生活更轻松。

但是高科技和低科技各有长处和不足。

1．B　细节理解题。

文章说明高科技和低科技各有长处和不足，作者并没有表明自己的态度，A项错误；由第一段最后一句话可知B项正确；根据第二段作者举的例子可知C项错误；根据第三段最后两句话可知D项错误。

2．C　观点判断题。

作者从优势和不足两个方面谈论了hightechtool，因此选C项。

任何事物都有两面性。

3．A　主旨大意题。

整篇文章自始至终作者都在对hightech和lowtech进行比较，故选A项。

4．C　结构分析题。

文章首先提出问题，然后进行比较分析，接下来举例说明。

************************************************************结束

（2010·郑州质检）

IntheirbookTimetoEattheDog:

TheRealGuidetoSustainableLiving,RobertandBrendaValesaykeepingamediumsizeddoghasthesameecologicalimpactasdriving10,000kmayearina4.6literLandCruiser.

“We'renotactuallysayingitistimetoeatthedog.We'rejustsayingthatweneedtothinkaboutandknowtheecologicalimpactofsomeofthethingswedoandthatwetakeforgranted.”

Constructinganddrivingthejeepforayearrequires0.41hectaresofland,whilegrowingandmanufacturingadog'sfoodtakesabout0.84hectares—or1.1hectaresinthecaseofalargedogsuchasaGermanshepherd.

Convincingflesheatingcatsanddogstogovegetarianforthesakeoftheplanetisanonstarter,theValessay.Insteadtheyrecommendkeeping“greener”，smaller,andmoresustainablepets,suchasgoldfish,chickensorrabbits.

Thebook'splayfultitle,andserioussuggestionthatpetanimalsmaybeusefully“recycled”，bybeingeatenbytheirownersorturnedintopetfoodwhentheydie,maynotappealtoanimalfans.

Annoyingastheideamaybe,thequestionisvalidgiventheplanet'sgrowingpopulationandlimitedresources,RobertValesaid.

“Issuesaboutsustainabilityareincreasinglybecomingthingsthataregoingtorequireustomakechoiceswhichareasdifficultaseatingyourdog.It'snotjustaboutchangingyourlightbulbsortakingaclothbagtothesupermarket，”hesaid.

“It'saboutmuchmorechallenginganddifficultissues，”headded.“Onceyouseewherecatsanddogsfitinyouroverallbalanceofthings,youmightdecidetohavethecatbutnotalsotohavethetwocarsandthethreebathroomsandbeameateateryourself.”

1.Theauthorsgavetheirbooktheplayfultitleto________.

A.makeitamusing

B.createavividimage

C.showwritingskills

D.arousepeople'sconcern

2.InParagraph3thewritermainlywantstotellus________.

A.theamountofconsumedland

B.theneglectedecologicalimpact

C.somefamiliarexamples

D.someactualfigures

3.Whomaynotliketheideaof“recycling”petanimals?

A.Manufacturers.B.Drivers.

C.Animalfans.D.Theauthorities.

4.Whatdotheauthorsthinkoflivingasustainablelife?

A.Challenging.B.Inspiring.

C.Inviting.D.Touching.

答案与解析：

RobertVale和BrendaVale写了一本名为TimetoEattheDog:

TheRealGuidetoSustainableLiving（《该吃狗了：

永续生活》）的书，书中提到了一种绝对新鲜的观点——吃掉宠物，或者“回收”宠物。

1．D　推理判断题。

RobertVale和BrendaVale写的书名非常有趣，从全文可知，他们这样写的目的在于吸引读者的眼球，引起人们环保的意识，所以答案选D项。

2．B　推理判断题。

通过第三段建造和驾驶吉普车一年需要的土地的量和种植、生产一条狗的食物所需要土地的量的对比，我们不难发现第三段承接第二段第二句而写的，主要告诉我们“被忽视的生态影响”，所以答案选B项。

3．C　细节理解题。

从第五段的maynotappealtoanimalfans可知，“回收”宠物的观点不受那些宠物爱好者的欢迎，所以答案选C项。

4．A　推理判断题。

从最后一段中的It'saboutmuchmorechallenginganddifficultissues可以知道，书的两位作者认为过环保的生活是非常有挑战性的，而且也是很困难的事情，所以答案选A项。

D

（2011·天津卷，C）

AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple：

helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.

Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit（追求）tobeenjoyedbyall，theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus，aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched（发起）the“IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook”projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities，andeventoHongKong.

InChicago，themayor（市长）appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe