秦皇岛高考英语阅读理解暑假训练12及答案.docx

秦皇岛高考英语阅读理解暑假训练12及答案.docx

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秦皇岛高考英语阅读理解暑假训练12及答案

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Feelingblueabouttheworld?

“Cheerup,”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.”Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”

Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe’scarefullyweighedtheevidence;optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe’ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.

Here’showheexplainshisviews.

1）Shoppingfuelsinvention

ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.

2）Brilliantadvances

Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.

3）Let’snotkillourselvesforclimatechange

Mitigating（减轻）climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel（化石燃烧）electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet（止血带）aroundournecks.

1.WhatisthethemeofRidley’smostrecentbook?

A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.

C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.

2.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?

A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.

C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.

3.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat　　　.　

A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles

B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife

C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles

D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?

A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.

B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.

C.People’shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.

D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.

【参考答案】1-4DADB　　

【2013界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】阅读理解

DearKind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,

HereIam!

Itraveledyesterdayforfourhoursinatrain.It’safunnyfeeling,isn’tit?

Ineverrodeinonebefore.

Collegeisthebiggest,mostpuzzlingplace—IgetlostwheneverIleavemyroom.IwillwriteyouadescriptionlaterwhenI’mfeelinglessconfused;alsoIwilltellyouaboutmylessons.Classesdon’tbeginuntilMondaymorning,andthisisSaturdaynight.ButIwantedtowritealetterfirstjusttogetacquainted.

Itseemsstrangetobewritingletterstosomebodyyoudon'tknow.Itseemsstrangeformetobewritinglettersatall—I'veneverwrittenmorethanthreeorfourinmylife,sopleaseoverlookitifthesearenotamodelkind.

Beforeleavingyesterdaymorning,Mrs.LippettandIhadaveryserioustalk.Shetoldmehowtobehavealltherestofmylife,andespeciallyhowtobehavetowardsthekindgentlemanwhoisdoingsomuchforme.Imusttakecaretobeveryrespectful.

ButhowcanonebeveryrespectfultoapersonwhowishestobecalledJohnSmith?

Whycouldn’tyouhavepickedoutanamewithalittlepersonality?

ImightaswellwriteletterstoDearFlagpoleorDearClothes-line.

Ihavebeenthinkingaboutyouagreatdealthissummer;havingsomebodytakeaninterestinmeafteralltheseyearsmakesmefeelasthoughIhadfoundasortoffamily.ItseemsasthoughIbelongedtosomebodynow,andit’saverycomfortablefeeling.Imustsay,however,thatwhenIthinkaboutyou,myimaginationhasverylittletoworkupon.TherearejustthreethingsthatIknow:

I,Youaretall.Ⅱ.Youarerich.Ⅲ.Youhategirls.

IsupposeImightcallyouDearMr.Girl-Hater.Onlythat'sratherrudetome.OrDearMr.Rich-Man,butthat'srudetoyou,asthoughmoneyweretheonlyimportantthingaboutyou.Besides,beingrichissuchaveryexternalquality.Maybeyouwon’tstayrichallyourlife;lotsofveryclevermengetbrokeinWallStreet.Butatleastyouwillstaytallallyourlife!

SoI'vedecidedtocallyouDearDaddy-Long-Legs.Ihopeyouwon’tmind.It’sjustaprivatepetnamewewon’ttellMrs.Lippett.

Theteno’clockbellisgoingtoringintwominutes.Ourdayisdividedintosectionsbybells.Weeatandsleepandstudybybells.It'sverylifeful.Thereitgoes!

Lightsout.Goodnight.

ObservehowpreciselyIobeyrules—duetomytrainingintheJohnGrierHome.

Yoursmostrespectfully,

JerushaAbbott

ToMr.Daddy-Long-LegsSmith

本文是一个受赞助上大学的女孩子给自己的赞助者写的一封信。

告诉对方自己刚到学校，但对学校还不熟悉。

写信人的主旨是想表达自己对赞助人的感谢，但由于根本不知道对方到底是个什么样的人，在信里作者做了几个猜测，最后决定称呼对方Daddy-Long-LegsSmith，以此拉近彼此的距离。

并表达了自己对现在有规律的生活感觉很好。

36.Jerushafelt“confused”because__________.

A.shehadneverwrittentothetrusteebefore

B.shewasnotfamiliarwiththecollegeyet

C.shecouldneverfindthewaytoherhome

D.shehadnevertraveledonatrainbefore

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

作者在第二段第二句说到等她lessconfused的时候，就会写一个详细的description，结合上一句的主题，这里的description是指对大学的描述。

问中还提到作者一出门就迷路，可见，是因为初到学校，对学校不熟悉，使作者感到confused，因此本题选B。

37.Jerushathoughtthatshecouldn’tbeveryrespectfulto“JohnSmith”because__________.

A.hewasatotalstrangertoherB.shewassureitwasafalseidentity

C.thenamewastoocommonD.nobodywouldliketobecalledthattime

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

第五段第二句中的pickout表明Jerushar认为JohnSmith这个名字是收信人自己随便挑的，也就是说，她认为这个名字是假的，因此本题应选B。

第五段中，关键词是pickout。

38.AccordingtoJerusha,beingrichmaybe__________.

A.tentativeB.unimaginableC.traditionalD.rude

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。

A.实验性的，暂停的，踌躇的；B.不可思议的，难以想象的；C.传统的，惯例的；D.粗鲁的，狂暴的。

Jerusha讲了即使在华尔街的很多聪明人都会遇到破产（getbroke）,所以在她看来，富有不一定会是一辈子的事情，可能会遇到变故而变得不富有，因此本题选A。

其它三个选项都不是Jerusha的想法。

39.Thefactthatherdayis“dividedintosectionsbybells”makesJerushafeel__________.

A.busyB.restrictedbyrulesC.pressedfortimeD.fullofenergy

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。

倒数第二段中的“It'sverylifeful.”表明Jerusha认为听着铃声来安排生活使她觉得“充满活力”，由此可见，本题选D。

40.JerushadecidedtocallthetrusteeDearDaddy-Long-legs__________.

A.inordertoshowherrespectforhim

B.becauseitwasoneofhisinnerquality

C.inordertomakethemfeelclosertoeachother

D.becauseshehadalwayswantedafather

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。

倒数第三段中的“It’sjustaprivatepetname”表明Jerusha认为DearDaddy-Long-legs这个名字表示一种“爱”，“爱称”只有关系亲密的人之间使用，由此可见，Jerusha使用这个称呼是为了拉近距离，因此，本题选C。

【2014高考英语湖北省八校联考】

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ManyyearsagoinasmallGermantown,aJewishbusinessmanhadthemisfortuneofowingalargesumofmoneytothemoneylender.Themoneylender,whowasoldandugly,fanciedthebusinessman’sbeautifuldaughter.Soheproposedabargain.

Themoneylendertoldthemthathewouldputablackpebbleandawhitepebbleintoanemptybag.Thegirlwouldthenhavetopickonepebblefromthebag.Ifshepickedtheblackpebble,shewouldbecomethemoneylender’swifeandhewouldforgoherfather’sdebt.Ifshepickedthewhitepebble,sheneednotmarryhimandherfather’sdebtwouldstillbeforgiven.Butifsherefusedtopickapebble,herfatherwouldbethrownintojail.

Theywerestandingonapebble-strewnpath.Astheytalked,themoneylenderbentovertopickuptwopebbles.Thesharp-eyedgirlnoticedthathehadpickeduptwoblackpebblesandputthemintothebag.Hethenaskedthegirltopickapebblefromthebag.Nodoubtshewascaughtinadilemma.

Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyouwerethegirl?

Carefulanalysiswouldproducethreepossibilities:

1.Thegirlshouldrefusetotakeapebble.

2.Thegirlshouldknowthatthereweretwoblackpebblesinthebagandexposethemoney-lenderasacheat.

3.Thegirlshouldpickablackpebbleandsacrificeherselfinordertosaveherfatherfromhisdebtandimprisonment.

Theabovestoryisusedwiththehopethatitwillmakeusappreciatethedifferencebetweenlateral（横向的）andlogicalthinking.

Readon…

Thegirlputherhandintothemoneybaganddrewoutapebble.Withoutlookingatit,shefumbledandletitfallontothepebble-strewnpath whereitimmediatelybecamelostamongalltheotherpebbles.“Oh,howclumsyofme!

”shesaid.“Butnevermind,ifyoulookintothebagfortheonethatisleft,youwillbeabletotellwhichpebbleIpicked.”Sincetheremainingpebbleisblack,itmustbeassumedthatshehadpickedthewhiteone.Andsincethemoneylenderdarednotadmithisdishonesty,thegirlchangedwhatseemedanimpossiblesituationintoanextremelyadvantageousone.

55.Theunderlinedword“forgo”inparagraph2maymean____________.

A.payoffB.runoutC.takeoverD.giveup

56.Whichofthefollowingindicateslateralthinking?

A.