英语演讲稿The Four Freedomsby富兰克林罗斯福.docx

英语演讲稿The Four Freedomsby富兰克林罗斯福.docx

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英语演讲稿TheFourFreedomsby富兰克林罗斯福

英语演讲稿

TheFourFreedomsby富兰克林.罗斯福

美国名人100大演讲

 Mr.President,Mr.Speaker,membersofthe77thCongress:

Iaddressyou,themembersofthisnewCongress,atamomentunprecedentedinthehistoryoftheunion. Iusetheword“unprecedented”becauseatnoprevioustimehasAmericansecuritybeenasseriouslythreatenedfromwithoutasitistoday.

SincethepermanentformationofourgovernmentundertheConstitutionin1789,mostoftheperiodsofcrisisinourhistoryhaverelatedtoourdomesticaffairs. And,fortunately,onlyoneofthese--thefour-yearwarbetweentheStates--everthreatenedournationalunity. Today,thankGod,130,000,000Americansin48Stateshaveforgottenpointsofthecompassinournationalunity.

Itistruethatpriorto1914theUnitedStatesoftenhasbeendisturbedbyeventsinothercontinents. WehaveevenengagedintwowarswithEuropeannationsandinanumberofundeclaredwarsintheWestIndies,intheMediterraneanandinthePacific,forthemaintenanceofAmericanrightsandfortheprinciplesofpeacefulcommerce. Butinnocasehadaseriousthreatbeenraisedagainstournationalsafetyorourcontinuedindependence.

WhatIseektoconveyisthehistorictruththattheUnitedStatesasanationhasatalltimesmaintainedopposition--clear,definiteopposition--toanyattempttolockusinbehindanancientChinesewallwhiletheprocessionofcivilizationwentpast.Today,thinkingofourchildrenandoftheirchildren,weopposeenforcedisolationforourselvesorforanyotherpartoftheAmericas.

Thatdeterminationofours,extendingoveralltheseyears,wasproved,forexample,intheearlydaysduringthequartercenturyofwarsfollowingtheFrenchRevolution. WhiletheNapoleonicstrugglesdidthreateninterestsoftheUnitedStatesbecauseoftheFrenchfootholdintheWestIndiesandinLouisiana,andwhileweengagedintheWarof1812tovindicateourrighttopeacefultrade,itisneverthelessclearthatneitherFrancenorGreatBritainnoranyothernationwasaimingatdominationofthewholeworld.

Andinlikefashion,from1815to1914--ninety-nineyears--nosinglewarinEuropeorinAsiaconstitutedarealthreatagainstourfutureoragainstthefutureofanyotherAmericannation.

ExceptintheMaximilianinterludeinMexico,noforeignpowersoughttoestablishitselfinthishemisphere.AndthestrengthoftheBritishfleetintheAtlantichasbeenafriendlystrength;itisstillafriendlystrength.

EvenwhentheWorldWarbrokeoutin1914,itseemedtocontainonlysmallthreatofdangertoourownAmericanfuture. Butastimewenton,asweremember,theAmericanpeoplebegantovisualizewhatthedownfallofdemocraticnationsmightmeantoourowndemocracy.

WeneednotoveremphasizeimperfectionsinthepeaceofVersailles.Weneednotharponfailureofthedemocraciestodealwithproblemsofworldreconstruction.Weshouldrememberthatthepeaceof1919wasfarlessunjustthanthekindofpacificationwhichbeganevenbeforeMunich,andwhichisbeingcarriedonundertheneworderoftyrannythatseekstospreadovereverycontinenttoday.TheAmericanpeoplehaveunalterablysettheirfacesagainstthattyranny.

Isupposethateveryrealistknowsthatthedemocraticwayoflifeisatthismomentbeingdirectlyassailedineverypartoftheworld--assailedeitherbyarmsorbysecretspreadingofpoisonouspropagandabythosewhoseektodestroyunityandpromotediscordinnationsthatarestillatpeace.During16longmonthsthisassaulthasblottedoutthewholepatternofdemocraticlifeinanappallingnumberofindependentnations,greatandsmall. Andtheassailantsarestillonthemarch,threateningothernations,greatandsmall.

Therefore,asyourPresident,performingmyconstitutionaldutyto“givetotheCongressinformationofthestateoftheunion,”Ifinditunhappilynecessarytoreportthatthefutureandthesafetyofourcountryandofourdemocracyareoverwhelminglyinvolvedineventsfarbeyondourborders.

Armeddefenseofdemocraticexistenceisnowbeinggallantlywagedinfourcontinents. Ifthatdefensefails,allthepopulationandalltheresourcesofEuropeandAsia,andAfricaandAustral-Asiawillbedominatedbyconquerors. Andletusrememberthatthetotalofthosepopulationsinthosefourcontinents,thetotalofthosepopulationsandtheirresourcesgreatlyexceedthesumtotalofthepopulationandtheresourcesofthewholeoftheWesternHemisphere--yes,manytimesover.

Intimesliketheseitisimmature--and,incidentally,untrue--foranybodytobragthatanunpreparedAmerica,single-handedandwithonehandtiedbehinditsback,canholdoffthewholeworld.

NorealisticAmericancanexpectfromadictator’speaceinternationalgenerosity,orreturnoftrueindependence,orworlddisarmament,orfreedomofexpression,orfreedomofreligion--orevengoodbusiness. Suchapeacewouldbringnosecurityforusorforourneighbors. Thosewhowouldgiveupessentiallibertytopurchasealittletemporarysafetydeserveneitherlibertynorsafety.

Asanationwemaytakeprideinthefactthatwearesoft-hearted;butwecannotaffordtobesoft-headed. Wemustalwaysbewaryofthosewhowithsoundingbrassandatinklingcymbalpreachthe“ism”ofappeasement. WemustespeciallybewareofthatsmallgroupofselfishmenwhowouldclipthewingsoftheAmericaneagleinordertofeathertheirownnests.

Ihaverecentlypointedouthowquicklythetempoofmodernwarfarecouldbringintoourverymidstthephysicalattackwhichwemusteventuallyexpectifthedictatornationswinthiswar.

Thereismuchloosetalkofourimmunityfromimmediateanddirectinvasionfromacrosstheseas. Obviously,aslongastheBritishNavyretainsitspower,nosuchdangerexists. EveniftherewerenoBritishNavy,itisnotprobablethatanyenemywouldbestupidenoughtoattackusbylandingtroopsintheUnitedStatesfromacrossthousandsofmilesofocean,untilithadacquiredstrategicbasesfromwhichtooperate.

ButwelearnmuchfromthelessonsofthepastyearsinEurope--particularlythelessonofNorway,whoseessentialseaportswerecapturedbytreacheryandsurprisebuiltupoveraseriesofyears.Thefirstphaseoftheinvasionofthishemispherewouldnotbethelandingofregulartroops. Thenecessarystrategicpointswouldbeoccupiedbysecretagentsandbytheirdupes--andgreatnumbersofthemarealreadyhereandinLatinAmerica.Aslongastheaggressornationsmaintaintheoffensivethey,notwe,willchoosethetimeandtheplaceandthemethodoftheirattack.

AndthatiswhythefutureofalltheAmericanRepublicsistodayinseriousdanger. ThatiswhythisannualmessagetotheCongressisuniqueinourhistory. ThatiswhyeverymemberoftheexecutivebranchofthegovernmentandeverymemberoftheCongressfacegreatresponsibility,greataccountability.Theneedofthemomentisthatouractionsandourpolicyshouldbedevotedprimarily--almostexclusively--tomeetingthisforeignperil. Forallourdomesticproblemsarenowapartofthegreatemergency.

Justasournationalpolicyininternalaffairshasbeenbaseduponadecentrespectfortherightsandthedignityofallourfellowmenwithinourgates,soournationalpolicyinforeignaffairshasbeenbasedonadecentrespectfortherightsandthedignityofallnations,largeandsmall. Andthejusticeofmoralitymustandwillwinintheend.

Ournationalpolicyisthis:

First,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwillandwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedtoall-inclusivenationaldefense.

Secondly,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwillandwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedtofullsupportofallthoseresolutepeopleeverywherewhoareresistingaggressionandaretherebykeepingwarawayfromourhemisphere.Bythissupportweexpressourdeterminationthatthedemocraticcauseshallprevail,andwestrengthenthedefenseandthesecurityofourownnation.

Third,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwillandwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedtothepropositionthatprinciplesofmoralityandconsiderationsforourownsecuritywillneverpermitustoacquiesceinapeacedictatedbyaggressorsandsponsoredbyappeasers.Weknowthatenduringpeacecannotbeboughtatthecostofotherpeople’sfreedom.

Intherecentnationalelectiontherewasnosubstantialdifferencebetweenthetwogreatpartiesinrespecttothatnationalpolicy.NoissuewasfoughtoutonthislinebeforetheAmericanelectorate. AndtodayitisabundantlyevidentthatAmericancitizenseverywherearedemandingandsupportingspeedyandcompleteactioninrecognitionofobviousdanger.

Therefore,theimmediateneedisaswiftanddrivingincreaseinourarmamentproduction.Leadersofindustryandlaborhaverespondedtooursummons.Goalsofspeedhavebeenset.Insomecasesthesegoalsarebeingreachedaheadoftime.Insomecasesweareonschedule;inothercasesthereareslightbutnotseriousdelays.Andinsomecases--and,Iamsorrytosay,veryimportantcases--weareallconcernedbytheslownessoftheaccomplishmentofourplans.

TheArmyandNavy,however,havemadesubstantialprogressduringthepastyear.Actualexperienceisimprovingandspeedingupourmethodsofproductionwitheverypassingday.Andtoday’sbestisnotgoodenoughfortomorrow.

Iamnotsatisfiedwiththeprogressthusfarmade.Themeninchargeoftheprogramrepresentthebestintraining,inability,andinpatriotism.Theyarenotsatisfiedwiththeprogressthusfarmade. Noneofuswillbesatisfieduntilthejobisdone.

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