BEC高级写作实用技巧以及真题范文.docx
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BEC高级写作实用技巧以及真题范文
图表作文写作要领
（1）注意总-分结构的使用。
中心句概括总趋势。
总增长：
典型数据/区间：
therearesomefluctuationstothisgeneraltrend;
Withinthisgeneraltrend,therearesomefluctuations,forexample…
（2）注意分水岭的描写,即把整个图表的变化趋势分成两个或三个变化阶段来整体描写。
（3）注意语言的多样化，多用同义词替代，避免重复用词。
（4）注意数据的内部逻辑关系，确定描写线索。
即确定以某个数据的变化来贯彻全文。
图表作文句型总结：
1.基本功:
叙述表格/图表（重点）
（1）组成：
consistof..,bemadeupof..,becomposedof..,
（2）比例：
accountfor%,represent%,make/takeup%..,或者直接说%of….
（3）上升（by..to…），增加，提高：
a.普通：
increase,grow,rise,expand
b.渐渐上升：
climb,edgeup,ascend,trendup.
c.猛增，激增：
jump,surge,soar,proliferate（数量）,leap,shotup
d.词组：
achieveanincreasein….by…to…
Continueitsupwardstrend;trendup
Ontherise,ontheincrease.
Onconsecutiverise:
保持连续增长
n.名词：
increase,rise,growth,expansion,
ascendance渐渐增加,
slightincrease,rise,growthin..
bump-up（突然增加）,proliferation（激增）,jump,leap,surge,boom
（4）减少，下降，减缓
a.普通：
decrease,fall,drop,reduce,shrink,（shrinkage）
b.逐渐变少：
slide,dwindle,decline,edgedown
c.骤减：
collapse,slump,plummet,plunge
d.经济衰退，停顿：
slump,collapse,stagnate,stagnant,stagnation,
sluggish,sluggishness,slack,
crisis,recession,slowdown,downturn,
e.词组：
falloff,dropoff,godown,continueitsdownwardtrend,trenddown,onthedecline,onthedownturn.
（5）保持平稳，不变：
Remainstable,/steady,/unchanged
Leveloffvi上升，或减退至平稳水平
Subsidevi减退至平稳水平standstilln/adj停滞不前
（6）起伏波动：
Riseandfall,
fluctuateslightly/dramatically,
fluctuatebetween….and…,aminorfluctuation,
smallrisesandfalls/fluctuations.
（7）形容趋势程度
a.剧烈，显著，明显
Dramatically,sharply,considerably,rapidly,suddenly,greatly,alarmingly,significantly,enormously,steeply,massively,incredibly,hugely,amazingly,substantially;atanalarmingrate;byawidemargin.
b.缓慢/逐渐
Gradually,steadily,slightly,gently,marginally,slowly,moderately,inamoderateway,bytheleastamount.
（8）表示倍数：
a.（使）增几倍于：
double,triple,quadruple【'kwɔdrupl】，
b.adv.adj几倍的，几倍地：
fivefold,sixfold,sevenfold….
c.ad.几倍：
twice,three/four/fivetimes….
e.几分之几：
2/3：
two-thirds,etc.（atafractionof…）
（9）比较数据as…as…
a.three/fourtimesasmany.做主语或定语成分
Eg.approx.20%morepeoplepreferredthedietcherryversionandnearlythreetimesasmanypreferredthedietstrawberryversion.
b.“A+be+XXtimes+as+adj+as+B”。
eg.Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.
Eg.Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe.
c.“A+be+XXtimes+计量形容词比较级+than+B”
eg.TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.
=TheYangtzeRiverisalmostthreetimesaslongasPearlRiver.
Eg.Thedictionaryisexactlyfivetimesmoreexpensivethanthatone.
d..“A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B”
eg.Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
e.“The+计量名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B”
eg.Thesizeofthenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthatofthepreviousone.
（10）从不同方面分析数据;inviewoftheturnover….,Intermsofgrowth,…就营业额方面来说。
。
。
，就增长方面来说；
2.描述时间点或时间段
（1）时期泛指:
overtheperiodXXXtoXXX,overtheyearsXXXtoXXX,fromXXtoxx;over/duringthepastXXyears;inthelastXXyears（最近X年），overthelast15to20years.inthenextXXyears,duringaXX-year/month/weekperiod,throughout..,allthewaythrough,fortheyear..XXX.
（2）时期特指：
duringthesameperiod,overtheperiodinquestion,over/duringtheperiodstudied,fortherestoftheperiodsstudied,inthetwosubsequentperiods,inthefollowingperiod,allthewaythrough,
（3）连续下降/上升的某个时期：
itisthesecond/third/fourthconsecutivequarter/year/month/weekthatXXXhasfallen
（4）时间点:
until,bytheyearXXX,since,fromtheyearXXX,uptonow,atagivenmoment,overtheperiodendedonxx/endedinXX
（5）年代：
duringthe1980s;duringthe70sand80s.,
3.开头：
thisgraph/reportdescribes/outlines/shows/compare…with…/suggests,
4.总趋势句型
（1）Ifwelookatthegrowthin…,wecanseethereisasteadyincreaseinXXfrom..to…/ariseinXXofXXX…
（2）fromthegraph,wecanseethereis…./ifwetakingtheXXfirst,wecanseethatthereis…
（3）XXwasonconsecutivegrowthonthewholeovertheperiodinquestion（except…）
（4）XXshowsarelativelysteady/upward/downwardtrendinthelastXXyears.
（5）XXshowsatrajectoryofgrowth/fall….
（6）xx,ontheotherhand,showsadifferenttrend.
（7）XXXhasbeengrowingconsistentlywithXXinthepastXXyears.
（8）XXXwitnessed/sawsomeriseandfall/fluctuationsovertheperiod…
（9）duringthesameperiod,XXalsorose,butfluctuatedgreatly.
（10）XXdidn’tvarymuchandremainedjustover/belowxxOrbetween..and..
（11）XXshowsthesameperformance/trendalthoughatlevel4bnhigherthanimports.
5.增长幅度、增长额
（1）..,thereisariseinXXofXX/byxx%/from..to…
（2）ThefigureshowsariseofXXwithinthewholeperiodandnofluctuationsaretoberemarked.
（3）XXrosefrom…to…,sufferingminorfluctuationsallthewaythrough.
（4）XXincreasedslightly/rosesteadily.etc,endingtheperiodaroundXXovertheirstartinglevel.
6.最大涨/跌幅，最高点，最低点
（1）XXXwiththebiggestincrease/decreasecomingbetween…and…,
（2）Itwentuptothe（7-yearetc.）peakat….in…./
（3）TheXXXpeakedat..in…./reached/hitapeakin…./peakingat…
（4）TheXXrosetothehighest,climbedtoaseven-monthhigh,（priceetc.）advancedtoarecord$1000on….,
（5）theXXrose/surge/climbtoXXX,thehighestsince….
（6）骤升shot-up,surge,rocket,upsurge,uplift,proliferationsoar,boom骤降：
slump,plunge,plummet（vi）,nose-divevi
5.起始点
（1）startingoffat…./from,saleswillincreaseto..during…,andremainstableatduring…,onlytodecreaseto…during.
（2）DuringXXX,itstartedaroundXXinthefirstquarter…
6.典型数据/区间
（1）Profitswillshopupdramaticallyto2,000in2004,fromwhichitwillgoupsteadilyfromyeartoyear…
（2）Itwillgodowntothelowestat…in…whereitwillbegintopickup/rebound/
（3）From1985to1997,XXXwerebetweenXXandXXX.
（4）After…theXXincreased/decreasedsignificantly.
（5）thexxxroseupsteadilyuntil….
（6）however,therearesomefluctuationstothisgeneral/withinthisgeneraltrend,forexample….
7.描写fluctuations
（1）from/startingoffat…,XXXincreasedto..during..andremainstableat..during..,onlytodecreaseto..during…
（2）XXXincreased/soaredfromxxtoXXXin…followedbyasharpdropto…in…
（3）soaragain,fallbackto,dropbackto…andthenmaintainedthispositionthroughout….
（4）itstartedaroundXXinxx,increasedslowlytoXXin..,andthenfelltoXXattheendoftheyear.
（5）ItstayedstableataroundXXduringxxxandxxx,thendecreasedtoXXXin…,beforerecoveringat/toXXXattheendof…
8.对比，比例的描写
（1）倍数关系描写（见1）;
（2）分数关系：
one/afifthof,8outof10,atafractionof…
（3）组成：
consistof,bemadeupof…,becomposedof…
（4）比例：
accountfor..,represent,takeup..,
（5）对比：
comparedto,incomparisonwith…,relativeto…,theratiois….
Eg.Femaleexecutivesdominateintheagegroupbetween24and39,wheretheratiois42to10.（Thefirstrepresentingthenumberofwomenandlatter,men）.
Eg.Itdecreaseshalfingroup60to69where10womenholdtoppositionincomparisonto/with21men.
Eg.Thegraphsshowsthenumberofcarsper100peopleovertheperiod1980to2020relativetothegrowthoftheworld’spopulation.
9.大小的比较
（1）差：
spread（差价）,margin,split,difference,
差额为正/负：
xxxremainedpositive/negative
（2）占多数，a.XXXdominateintheXXgroup/amongst….
b.Intheagerangeabove…,XXXarein/sliding/majority.
（3）超过:
a.XXXexceeded/outstrippedXXXbutnotbythesamemargin,
b.XXXexceededXXbyXXpercent,outnumberxxxbyXXX.
c.exceedXX-level.WiththeearningsexceedingXXX.
（4）比例相等：
a.anequalnumberofboth…and…
b.XXXtakeanequalproportionin….
（5）从小到大描述数据：
followedby
Eg.44%ofoursalesincomecamefromUS,followedbyEurope（26%）,andsouthAmerica（19%）
（6）排序的描写：
rankedNo.1/2;Thesecond/thirdlargest…;beinthefirst/second/thirdplace.
10.表示预测的句子;belikelyto…/isexpectedto…./issupposedto…/isestimatedto../isprojectedto…/will/willbe
11.叙述受访者态度
（1）XXXreceivedXXpositiveresponsesandXXnegativeresponses..
（2）XXpeoplegaveapositiveresponse/commenton..
（3）Askedabout….,XXpeoplerespondedpositively/negativelywhereasXXpeoplesaysthnegativeaboutit.
（4）XXofxxrespondentscomplainedabout….whileXXthoughitpositively,/thoughtittobesatisfactory
12.Distribution
（1）xx%,morethanhalfXX,XXoutofXX…
（2）therespondentsarealmostequallydividedbetweenXXXandXX（differentstances）
（3）XXandxxxtakeasimilarproportioninXXgroup/range
13.dataandcompare的中心句
（1）Thecompanyemploysalmostanequalnumberofexecutivesofbothsexes.However,thereareremarkabledifferencesdependingontheagerangeconsidered.
（2）TheoverallresultofthisinternationalsurveyonplannedITexpenditureforthenextyearshowssignificantdifferencesbetweenEuropeandAisa.
（3）ThesituationinXX,however,isquitedifferent.
（4）however,theXXvarygreatlyontheXX…
IDataandChange
1.此类报告有两个目的，呈现数据，描写变化趋势，自己的主观发挥较少或者没有发挥。
不要发挥图表里不存在的内容。
一般会要求呈现多个item的变化情况，可以用小标题分段。
重点如下：
一、首先把握图表的大趋势；
二、描述重要变化点，例如suddengrowth,abruptdrop,drasticshrinkage…,proliferationetc.
三、起始点和衔接点的描述【turningpoint】
四、需重点掌握的有：
描写变化的句型，及以上一、二、三。
五、条形图和线性图都一般都涉及到这种类型。
Samples
1.销售预测：
BarChart,趋势，最大值，最小值，变化值
ReportonSalesForecastfornextyear
Introduction
Thisreportsetsouttooutlineandcomparethesalesforecastsforfridges,TVs,andcookersofTollerElectricalLtdfornextyear.
Findings
Theunitsalesoffridgesis/AREexpectedtostay/remainsteadilyat5,000throughoutthefourquartersofnextyear.
ThesalesofTVs,ontheotherhand,willbeonconsecutiver
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