山东省威海市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版.docx
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山东省威海市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版
高二英语
本试卷共10页。
满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考试号填写在答题卡上。
2.选择题,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
笔答题,用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意:
回答听力部分时,请先将答案标在试卷上。
听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Wherearethespeakersatthemoment?
A.Inaforest.B.Ingrasslands.C.Onamountaintop.
2.Howmuchlongerwillittakethespeakerstofindtheorchestra?
A.5minutes.B.8minutes.C.15minutes.
3.Whatproblemmaythewomanbefacedwith?
A.Beingshortofmoney.
B.Spendingmoneyunwisely.
C.Beinguncertainofherproperty.
4.What’sthereasonforthemantorefusetheelection?
A.Hehasnotimeforit.B.Heconsidersitstressful.C.Helacksrequiredabilities.
5.Whenwillthetreasurehuntstart?
A.At12:
00a.m.B.At1:
00p.m.C.At1:
30p.m.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7题。
6.Whydoesthewomanstarttheconversation?
A.Todoasurveyforherproject.
B.Toprepareforherlifeabroad.
C.Tosolveproblemsforforeigners.
7.Howdopeopleprobablybehavewhilecommunicatinginthewoman’scountry?
A.Touchingeachotheralot.
B.Standingclosertoeachother.
C.Keepingadistancefromeachother.
听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10题。
8.Wherewillthegirlworkifshegetsthejob?
A.Atamagazine.B.Inanaturalpark.C.Inthesouthernwetlands.
9.Whatdoesthejobinvolve?
A.Takingtouristsonaboattour.
B.Lookingafterplantsandanimals.
C.Collectinginformationaboutlivingthings.
10.Whatmayhelpqualifythegirlforthejob?
A.Beinganeco-volunteer.B.Takingarelevantcourse.C.Doingsomeresearch.
听下面一段对话,回答第11至第13题。
11.Whatmightbethereasonfortheman’sbeinglate?
A.Gettingawrongaddress.B.Takingawrongturn.C.Hiscarbreakingdown.
12.Whatdistractedthemanwhiledriving?
A.Makingaphonecall.B.Listeningtomusic.C.Checkingthedirections.
13.Whatsuggestiondidthewomanofferfordriving?
A.RelyonAPPs.B.Avoidmulti-task.C.Useahand-freekit.
听下面一段对话,回答第14至第16题。
14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Improvingmemory.B.Singing.C.Teaching.
15.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?
A.Askformoretips.B.Raisequestions.C.Answerthecalls.
16.Whoistheprogramintendedfor?
A.Teachers.B.Students.C.Parents.
听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20题。
17.What’sthetopicofthetext?
A.Collegelife.B.Workefficiency.C.Timemanagement.
18.Whatshouldwedobeforewestartwork?
A.Keeprelaxed.B.Knowouraims.C.Listexperts’suggestions.
19.Whymustwehaveastartdateaccordingtothetext?
A.Toactmoreeffectively.
B.Tokeepusmorefocused.
C.Toknowthecompletingtime.
20.Whatisthepurposeofashortwalk?
A.Torefreshthebrain.B.Tocontroltheresults.C.Tofigureoutvitalpoints.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Alllivingorganismsareuniquelyadaptedtotheenvironmentinwhichtheylive.Scientistsarestudyingthedesignandthebiologicalprocessesoftheseorganismstogetideasforproductsandtechnologies.Thisfieldofstudyiscalledbiomimetics.Herearetwoexamples.
ToucanBillsandCarSafety
Toucanusuallyhasenormousbills.Scientistshavefoundthatthetoucan'sbeakisdesignedtobebothstrongandlight.Thesurfaceismadeofkeratin,thesamematerialinhumanfingernailsandhair.Buttheinsideofthebillhasafoam-likestructureandismadeupofanetworkoflight,thinpiecesofbone.Itcontainsalotofair,andsomeareasarehollow,notsolid.Thisdesignmakesthebillhardbutverylight.
Thedesignofthetoucanbillcanbeusedtomakecarsandplanessafer.Studiesshowthatthebeak'sstructurecanabsorbhighenergyimpactsverywell.Carbodypanelsthatmimictoucanbillsmayofferbetterprotectiontomotoristsinvolvedincrashes.
SharkScalesandSwimsuits
Sharkskinmaylooksmooth,butit'sactuallyrough.Sharksarecoveredinscalesmadefromthesamematerialastheirteeth.Viewedupclose,thescalesactuallylookliketinyteeth.Thesescalesprotectthesharkandhelptokeepitclean.Theyarealsoflexibleandcanturnorbendinthewater.Thismovementreducesthewatersdragonthesharkandhelpsittoswimquickly.
Scientistsdiscoveredthattheshortfinmako'sscalesvaryinsizeandflexibilityoveritsbody.Forinstancethescalesonthesidesofthebodyaretapered—wideatoneendandnarrowattheother.Theycanturnuporflattentoadjusttotheflowofwateraroundthesharkandtoreducedrag.
Scientistsbelievethatsharkscalescaninspiredesignsformachinesthatexperiencedrag,suchasairplanes.Designersarealsogettingideasfromsharkscalesfordesigningswimwearandcoatingshipbottoms.
1.Whydocarbodypanelscopythedesignoftoucanbill?
A.Tobetterprotectpassers-by.B.Toreducetheinjurytodrivers.
C.Todecreasethechancesofcrashes.D.Tomakecarslighterandeasiertocontrol.
2.Whatproductortechnologyisinspiredbysharkscales?
A.Coatingforshipbottomstorunfaster.B.Coatingforairplanestoexperiencedrag.
C.Thepanelthatmakestheplanesafer.D.Swimwearthatissmoothtokeepitselfclean.
3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Topresenttwoinnovativeproducts.B.Tointroducebiomimeticsbyexample.
C.Toshowtheuniqueadaptationsofanimals.D.Todiscussthelinkbetweenhumansandanimals.
【答案】1.B2.A3.B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了仿生学的概念以及两个用到了仿生学的例子。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第三段“Thedesignofthetoucanbillcanbeusedtomakecarsandplanessafer.Studiesshowthatthebeak'sstructurecanabsorbhighenergyimpactsverywell.Carbodypanelsthatmimictoucanbillsmayofferbetterprotectiontomotoristsinvolvedincrashes.(巨嘴鸟喙的设计可以用来使汽车和飞机更安全。
研究表明,喙的结构可以很好地吸收高能冲击。
模仿巨嘴鸟喙的汽车车身面板可能会为驾驶者提供更好的撞车保护)”可知,汽车车身面板复制巨嘴鸟的设计是为了减少对司机的伤害。
故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段“Scientistsbelievethatsharkscalescaninspiredesignsformachinesthatexperiencedrag,suchasairplanes.Designersarealsogettingideasfromsharkscalesfordesigningswimwearandcoatingshipbottoms.(科学家们相信,鲨鱼鳞片可以启发设计那些经受阻力的机器,比如飞机。
设计师们还从鲨鱼鳞片中汲取灵感,设计泳装和船底涂层)”可知,可以使船跑得更快的船底涂层是受到了鲨鱼鳞片的启发。
故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第一段“Alllivingorganismsareuniquelyadaptedtotheenvironmentinwhichtheylive.Scientistsarestudyingthedesignandthebiologicalprocessesoftheseorganismstogetideasforproductsandtechnologies.Thisfieldofstudyiscalledbiomimetics.Herearetwoexamples.(所有的生物都能独特地适应它们所生活的环境。
科学家们正在研究这些生物体的设计和生物过程,为产品和技术提供思路。
这个研究领域被称为仿生学。
这里有两个例子)”结合文章主要介绍仿生学的概念以及两个用到了仿生学的例子。
可推知,这篇文章的目的是举例介绍仿生学。
故选B。
B
ThesunwasrisingaswedroveacrosstheMinnesotastatelinetoNewYorkformynewPh.D.program.Themovewasgoodformeprofessionally,butIworriedaboutmyhusbandanddaughters.IalsofearedthatIwouldn’tbeabletogivemykidsthechildhoodtheydeserved.
Anne,ourfirstdaughter,cameintotheworldwhenIwasajuniormajoringinbiologyincollege.Itwaschallengingtobalanceclasses,workschedules,andbeingamom.ButIgotthroughit,findingmomentsofjoyalongtheway.OnthenightswhenIwashome,I’dreadmyclassnotesoutloudwithmydaughter.She’drespondbyaskingquestions,suchas“Mom,whatarebacteria?
”Ithelpedusbothlearn.
AfterIgraduated,IknewthatIwouldneedaPh.D.tolandthekindofjobIwanted.IarrivedinNewYorkfeelingmorethantheusualnew-grad-studentanxiety.IalsosufferedfromamorepersonalfearthatIwasbeingselfish—thatmydecisiontoinvigoratemycareerwasgoingtohavelong-termnegativeimpactsonmykids.
Overthepastyear,though,I’vestartedtoletgoofsomeofthisworry.I’verealizedthatwehavenotonlyadaptedtoournewsituation,butthingsaregettingbetter.Myhusbandlandedajobthatheishappywith.Annedreamsofbecomingamarinebiologist.Recently,whiledrivingpastthecancerinstituteIworkat,Annesaid,“Thinkingaboutpeoplehavingcancerissosad,butIfeelbetterknowingthatyouareresearchingittohelp.”
Navigatingacademiaasayoungmotherishard,butit’salsorewarding.Mykidsarelearningtolookattheworldthroughthelensofscience,andwatchingtheirmomsucceedinspiresthem.Ilookforwardtoseeingthemfollowmyfootsteps,whateverpaththeychoose.
4.HowdidthewriterfeelaboutthemoveforherPh.D.program?
A.Itwasfruitfulbutexhausting.B.Itwasthelastthingshewoulddo.
C.Itwashopefulbutchallenging.D.Itwaspromisingforthewholefamily.
5.Whichcanbestreplacetheword“invigorate”inParagraph3?
A.boost.B.change.C.create.D.choose.
6.WhatcouldbeinferredfromAnne’swordsinParagraph4?
A.Peopleareafraidofhavingcancer.B.CancerishealthenemyNo.1.
C.Hermothertakesherjobseriously.D.Anneisproudofhermother.
7.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?
A.OnwardsandUpwardsB.DoubleGainsofMum’sPursuit
C.LikeMotherLikeDaughterD.GenerationGapNarrowedbyLove
【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。
文章主要讲述了作者对学业和家庭的双重追求和收获的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一段中“Themovewasgoodformeprofessionally,butIworriedaboutmyhusbandanddaughters.IalsofearedthatIwouldn’tbeabletogivemykidsthechildhoodtheydeserved.(搬家对我的职业生涯有好处,但我担心我的丈夫和女儿。
我也担心我不能给我的孩子应有的童年。
)”可知,作者认为因她的博士项目而搬家既是充满希望的,也是具有挑战性的。
故选C项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。
根据第三段中“AfterIgraduated,IknewthatIwouldneedaPh.D.tolandthekindofjobIwanted.(毕业后,我知道我需要一个博士学位才能得到我想要的工作。
)”可知,作者决定读博士来获得自己想要