山东省威海市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版.docx

1、山东省威海市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版高二英语本试卷共 10 页。满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考试号填写在答题卡上。2. 选择题，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。笔答题，用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节 （

2、共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where are the speakers at the moment?A. In a forest. B. In grasslands. C. On a mountaintop.2. How much longer will it take the speakers to find the orchestra?A. 5 minutes

3、. B. 8 minutes. C. 15 minutes.3. What problem may the woman be faced with?A. Being short of money.B. Spending money unwisely.C. Being uncertain of her property.4. Whats the reason for the man to refuse the election?A. He has no time for it. B. He considers it stressful. C. He lacks required abilitie

4、s.5. When will the treasure hunt start?A. At 12:00 a.m. B. At 1:00 p.m. C. At 1:30 p.m.第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 题。6. Why does the woman start the c

5、onversation?A. To do a survey for her project.B. To prepare for her life abroad.C. To solve problems for foreigners.7. How do people probably behave while communicating in the womans country?A. Touching each other a lot.B. Standing closer to each other.C. Keeping a distance from each other.听下面一段对话，回

6、答第 8 至第 10 题。8. Where will the girl work if she gets the job?A. At a magazine. B. In a natural park. C. In the southern wetlands.9. What does the job involve?A. Taking tourists on a boat tour.B. Looking after plants and animals.C. Collecting information about living things.10. What may help qualify

7、the girl for the job?A. Being an eco-volunteer. B. Taking a relevant course. C. Doing some research.听下面一段对话，回答第 11 至第 13 题。11. What might be the reason for the mans being late?A. Getting a wrong address. B. Taking a wrong turn. C. His car breaking down.12. What distracted the man while driving?A. Ma

8、king a phone call. B. Listening to music. C. Checking the directions.13. What suggestion did the woman offer for driving?A. Rely on APPs. B. Avoid multi-task. C. Use a hand-free kit.听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第 16 题。14. What are the speakers talking about?A. Improving memory. B. Singing. C. Teaching.15. What i

9、s the woman going to do next?A. Ask for more tips. B. Raise questions. C. Answer the calls.16. Who is the program intended for?A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Parents.听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 题。17. Whats the topic of the text?A. College life. B. Work efficiency. C. Time management.18. What should we do bef

10、ore we start work?A. Keep relaxed. B. Know our aims. C. List experts suggestions.19. Why must we have a start date according to the text?A. To act more effectively.B. To keep us more focused.C. To know the completing time.20. What is the purpose of a short walk?A. To refresh the brain. B. To control

11、 the results. C. To figure out vital points.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAll living organisms are uniquely adapted to the environment in which they live. Scientists are studying the design and the biological processes of these

12、 organisms to get ideas for products and technologies. This field of study is called biomimetics. Here are two examples.Toucan Bills and Car SafetyToucan usually has enormous bills. Scientists have found that the toucans beak is designed to be both strong and light. The surface is made of keratin, t

13、he same material in human fingernails and hair. But the inside of the bill has a foam-like structure and is made up of a network of light, thin pieces of bone. It contains a lot of air, and some areas are hollow, not solid. This design makes the bill hard but very light.The design of the toucan bill

14、 can be used to make cars and planes safer. Studies show that the beaks structure can absorb high energy impacts very well. Car body panels that mimic toucan bills may offer better protection to motorists involved in crashes.Shark Scales and SwimsuitsShark skin may look smooth, but its actually roug

15、h. Sharks are covered in scales made from the same material as their teeth. Viewed up close, the scales actually look like tiny teeth. These scales protect the shark and help to keep it clean. They are also flexible and can turn or bend in the water. This movement reduces the waters drag on the shar

16、k and helps it to swim quickly.Scientists discovered that the shortfin makos scales vary in size and flexibility over its body. For instance the scales on the sides of the body are tapered wide at one end and narrow at the other. They can turn up or flatten to adjust to the flow of water around the

17、shark and to reduce drag.Scientists believe that shark scales can inspire designs for machines that experience drag, such as airplanes. Designers are also getting ideas from shark scales for designing swimwear and coating ship bottoms.1. Why do car body panels copy the design of toucan bill?A. To be

18、tter protect passers-by. B. To reduce the injury to drivers.C. To decrease the chances of crashes. D. To make cars lighter and easier to control.2. What product or technology is inspired by shark scales?A. Coating for ship bottoms to run faster. B. Coating for airplanes to experience drag.C. The pan

19、el that makes the plane safer. D. Swimwear that is smooth to keep itself clean.3. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To present two innovative products. B. To introduce biomimetics by example.C. To show the unique adaptations of animals. D. To discuss the link between humans and animals.【答案】1. B 2. A

20、3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了仿生学的概念以及两个用到了仿生学的例子。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The design of the toucan bill can be used to make cars and planes safer. Studies show that the beaks structure can absorb high energy impacts very well. Car body panels that mimic toucan bills may offer better protection to motorists invol

21、ved in crashes.(巨嘴鸟喙的设计可以用来使汽车和飞机更安全。研究表明，喙的结构可以很好地吸收高能冲击。模仿巨嘴鸟喙的汽车车身面板可能会为驾驶者提供更好的撞车保护)”可知，汽车车身面板复制巨嘴鸟的设计是为了减少对司机的伤害。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists believe that shark scales can inspire designs for machines that experience drag, such as airplanes. Designers are also getting ideas from shark scal

22、es for designing swimwear and coating ship bottoms.(科学家们相信，鲨鱼鳞片可以启发设计那些经受阻力的机器，比如飞机。设计师们还从鲨鱼鳞片中汲取灵感，设计泳装和船底涂层)”可知，可以使船跑得更快的船底涂层是受到了鲨鱼鳞片的启发。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“All living organisms are uniquely adapted to the environment in which they live. Scientists are studying the design and the biological proc

23、esses of these organisms to get ideas for products and technologies. This field of study is called biomimetics. Here are two examples.(所有的生物都能独特地适应它们所生活的环境。科学家们正在研究这些生物体的设计和生物过程，为产品和技术提供思路。这个研究领域被称为仿生学。这里有两个例子)”结合文章主要介绍仿生学的概念以及两个用到了仿生学的例子。可推知，这篇文章的目的是举例介绍仿生学。故选B。BThe sun was rising as we drove acros

24、s the Minnesota state line to New York for my new Ph.D. program. The move was good for me professionally, but I worried about my husband and daughters. I also feared that I wouldnt be able to give my kids the childhood they deserved.Anne, our first daughter, came into the world when I was a junior m

25、ajoring in biology in college. It was challenging to balance classes, work schedules, and being a mom. But I got through it, finding moments of joy along the way. On the nights when I was home, Id read my class notes out loud with my daughter. Shed respond by asking questions, such as “Mom, what are

26、 bacteria?” It helped us both learn.After I graduated, I knew that I would need a Ph.D. to land the kind of job I wanted. I arrived in New York feeling more than the usual new-grad-student anxiety. I also suffered from a more personal fear that I was being selfishthat my decision to invigorate my ca

27、reer was going to have long-term negative impacts on my kids.Over the past year, though, Ive started to let go of some of this worry. Ive realized that we have not only adapted to our new situation, but things are getting better. My husband landed a job that he is happy with. Anne dreams of becoming

28、 a marine biologist. Recently, while driving past the cancer institute I work at, Anne said, “Thinking about people having cancer is so sad, but I feel better knowing that you are researching it to help.”Navigating academia as a young mother is hard, but its also rewarding. My kids are learning to l

29、ook at the world through the lens of science, and watching their mom succeed inspires them. I look forward to seeing them follow my footsteps, whatever path they choose.4. How did the writer feel about the move for her Ph.D. program?A. It was fruitful but exhausting. B. It was the last thing she wou

30、ld do.C. It was hopeful but challenging. D. It was promising for the whole family.5. Which can best replace the word “invigorate” in Paragraph 3?A. boost. B. change. C. create. D. choose.6. What could be inferred from Annes words in Paragraph 4?A. People are afraid of having cancer. B. Cancer is hea

31、lth enemy No.1.C. Her mother takes her job seriously. D. Anne is proud of her mother.7. What might be the best title of the text?A. Onwards and Upwards B. Double Gains of Mums PursuitC. Like Mother Like Daughter D. Generation Gap Narrowed by Love【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对学业和家庭的双重追

32、求和收获的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The move was good for me professionally, but I worried about my husband and daughters. I also feared that I wouldnt be able to give my kids the childhood they deserved.( 搬家对我的职业生涯有好处，但我担心我的丈夫和女儿。我也担心我不能给我的孩子应有的童年。)”可知，作者认为因她的博士项目而搬家既是充满希望的，也是具有挑战性的。故选C项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“After I graduated, I knew that I would need a Ph.D. to land the kind of job I wanted. (毕业后，我知道我需要一个博士学位才能得到我想要的工作。)”可知，作者决定读博士来获得自己想要