英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析.docx

英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析.docx

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英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析

【英语】高中英语阅读理解技巧（很有用）及练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?

Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.

   Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?

Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.

   Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople（10-20yearsold）areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.

（1）Whatmakesoneright-handed?

A. Theenvironment.                                             

B. Mildbraindamageduringbirth.

C. Thereasonisuncertain.                                   D. Otherpeople.

（2）Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?

A. Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.         

B. Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.

C. Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.         

D. Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.

（3）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A. Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.         

B. Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.

C. Somefamousleft-handedpeople.                 

D. Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。

第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople（10-20yearsold）areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。

故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Oilisessentialformodernlife.About64percentoftheworld'soilislocatedintheMiddleEast,buttheheaviestconsumersofoilareEurope,America,andJapan.Theproblemliesingettingtheoilfromthecountriesthatproduceittothecountriesthatconsumeit.Thisismainlydoneusingoiltankers.Usuallytheoilisshippedsafelyandwithnoproblems,butoccasionallythereisadisaster.

   Everyyearmillionsoftonsofoilarespilledintotheocean.Althoughthisisonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalamountshippedaroundtheworldeachyear,thisspilledoilcanhaveterribleeffectsonoceanlife,includingthecoastlineswheretheoilwashesupontoshore.

   OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989,whentheExxonValdeztankerranagroundoffthecoastofAlaska,spilling42millionlitersofoil.Althoughitwasn'tthelargestoilspill,thedisasterwasterriblebecauseitoccurredinsuchasensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,thetanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegavecontroloftheshiptoanothersailor,whowasunfamiliarwiththeroute.TheshipranontoBlighReef.Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewereaffectedbytheoilspill.Manybirdsandottersdiedasaresultoftheoilcoveringtheirskin,andmanyotherseacreaturesandtheanimalsthatfedonthemwerealsoseverelyaffected.

（1）WhichcountryisNOTamongthelargestconsumersofoil?

A. Japan                               

B. Iraq                               

C. America                               

D. Germany

（2）Whatdoestheunderlined“them”referto?

A. Thebirds.           

B. Theotters.           

C. Theseacreatures.           

D. Thebirdsandtheotters.

（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A. TheoilleakofAlaskaisbecausethecaptainwasunfamiliarwiththeroute.         

B. Manybirdsandottersdiedfromeatingthespilledoil.

C. Alaskaspillwasthemostseriousspillofalltime.         

D. Althoughsomeoilleakisnotserious,itwillaffectoceanlife.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家，美国和日本。

Iraq“伊拉克”不属于其中之一，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段可知，A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了，另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。

B选项不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。

C选项Alaska漏油事件并非史上最严重的。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   DaniellaWridewasbrushingherdaughter'slongbrownhairwhenshenoticedthatwitheachcomb,massesofthehairwerecomingout.ThatwasJanuary1,2017.Within20days,seven-year-oldGianessaWride'shairwascompletelygone,andherdoctorsaidthehairwouldnevergrowback.Gianessahadbecomeoneofthe6.8millionAmericanswithalopecia,anauto-immunediseasethatcauseshairloss.

   Alopeciaisn'tpainful,butforkidswhosufferfromit,theseverepaincomesfromstandingoutfromthecrowd.Forthemostpart,thestudentsinGianessa'sfirst-gradeclassinSalem,Utah,wereunderstanding.Buttheoccasionaljokesof"Baldy"（秃子）madeherfeellikeanabandonedchild."Ididn'twanthertofeelthatshewasn'tliketheotherkids,"hermothersaid."Itriedcoveringherbaldness,buttheartificialhairwasuncomfortable."

   Thencomestheschool'straditional"CrazyHairDay"inApril,agreatjust-for-funcelebrationwhereallthekidsandtheirparentscanexpresstheirwildsidesabit.DaniellaandGianessadecidedthatratherthanhideGianessa'sbaldnessundertheartificialhair,theywouldcelebrateit.Daniellaboughtscrapbook-sticker（贴纸）jewelsanddecoratedherheadwithflowereddesignsandevenadeer."Theyjustfitherpersonality,"Daniellasmiled."She'ssolovely."

   Onthemorningofthecompetition,Gianessawasnervous.Wouldherfriendsthinkitwasfunny?

However,withhermother'sencouragement,shehadnothingtofear.ImpressiveGianessawasahitandawinnerofthecrazy-haircompetition.Gianessaisnowgladthatshedaredtogobare."IwassadatfirstwhenIlostallmyhair,"shetoldpeople."ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers."

（1）WhywasGianessadifferentfromotherkids?

A.Shewasbornbald.

B.Shesufferedfromhairloss.

C.Shewastalentedinhairdesigning.

D.Shehadherheadfullyshaved.

（2）HowdidothersreacttoGianessa'sdisease?

A.Herdoctorwasquiteoptimistic.

B.Hermothergaveherartificialhair.

C.Herclassmateswereallconsiderate.

D.Herschoolofferedherspecialhelp.

（3）WhatcouldGianessadoonthe"CrazyHairDay"?

A.Shecouldteaseothers.

B.Shecoulddecorateherhair.

C.Shecouldshopscrapbook-stickers.

D.Shecouldshowherpersonality.

（4）Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Thegirlfacedherdiseaseinamostbeautifulway.

B.Theartificialhairbuiltupthegirl'sconfidence.

C.Thecompetitionservedasawaytomakeachange.

D.Thediseasewascuredwithmother'sloveandcare.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个七岁的女孩GianessaWride得了一种疾病，掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下，勇敢地展现她的个性，愉快地生活。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Within20days,seven-year-oldGianessaWride'shairwascompletelygone,andherdoctorsaidthehairwouldnevergrowback.”不到20天，7岁的GianessaWride的头发就完全脱落了，医生说她的头发再也长不出来了，可知，GianessaWride和其他孩子不一样，因为她遭受脱发之苦。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Itriedcoveringherbaldness,buttheartificialhairwasuncomfortable.”我试着盖住她的秃顶，但人造的头发不舒服）可知，她妈妈给Gianessa戴了假发。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。

我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。

我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，可知，Gianessa在“疯狂发型日”能够正视自己，展现她的个性。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。

我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。

我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，结合主要内容为记叙一个七岁的女孩得了一种疾病，掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下，展现她的个性，愉快地生活。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

   EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesclaimingthatitiseasyandquicktolearnEnglish.ThereisevenareferencetoWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragelearnersevenmore.WhenIseeadvertisementslikethis,Idon'tknowwhethertolaughorcry.Butmanypeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousclaims,orelsetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.

   Ofcourseiti