基础英语3期末复习材料培训课件.docx
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基础英语3期末复习材料培训课件
基础英语3期末复习材料
Unit5
Ⅰ.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.
1.whatatangledwebweweave,whenfirstwepracticetodeceive.
Whenwestarttotellthefirstlie,wearelikelytotellmoretocoverthefirstone.Oneliewillleadtoanother,thenwewillgetourselvesinacomplicatedsituation.
2."Psychologicalbarriersweardown;theabilitytomakemoredistinctionscancoarsen;theliar`sperceptionofhischancesofbeingcaughtmaywarp."
Psychologicalbarriersbecomesmallerandsmaller.Wetelllieswithouthesitationevenifthedeceitwasuncovered.Theliarwouldn`ttakeitseriously.
3.Themostunderstandableandforgivableliesareanexchangeofwhatethicistsrefertoastheprincipleoftrustfortheprincipleofcaring.
Accordingtoethicizes,themostforgivableandacceptableliesarebasedonprincipleofcaringandloveinsteadoftrust.
Ⅱ.Explaintheunderlinepartineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1.Theliesweremostoftennotwhatmostofuswouldcallearth-shattering.
veryimportanttotheworld
2.AccordingtoDePaulo,womenintheirinteractionswithotherwomenliedmostlytosparetheother`sfeeling.
avoidhurtingother`sfeeling
3.Andthenthereareprofessions—lawyers,pundits,PRconsultant—whosemembersspecializeinshapingorspinningthetruthtosuitclient`sneeds.
modifyingthefact
4.PhilosopherSisselaBokwarnsusthattheycanputusonslipperyslope.
somethingthatcanleadtoseriousconsequence
5.Areallwhiteliestobeavoidedatallcasts?
underanycircumstances
Ⅲ.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofgivenwords.
1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunethicalforphysicianstoadvertize.(ethics)
2.Theyoungactorwasrequestedtospeakinafeignedvoice.(feign)
3.Wemustbeunsparinginourcriticismofarmstrade.(spare)
4.Herhardexperiencehasnotcoarsenedherormadehercynical.(cynicism)
5.Mostshopsareshutdownduringthisconfoundedlyhotspell.(confound)
6.Theavailabilityofcreditlubricatedthechannelsoftrade.(lubricant)
7.TheropeswereentangledsoJohnnywasnotabletountietheparcel.(tangle)
8.Willfulpeoplecannottoleratetheslightestfrustrationoftheirwishes.(will)
Ⅳ.Explaintheunderlinedphrasalverbsinyourownwords.
1.Theoutdoorconcertwascalledoffduetotheweather.
canceled
2.Theexpandedvocabulary,aswellastheimprovedreadingspeedandaccuracy,willbearecordthatcanencourageyoutogetovertheboredom.
overcome
3.Theyknewthatanyfailuretoabidebythetermsofthetreatywouldbringinternationalcondemnation.
follow
4.HewasreducedtobegginginthestreetsofManhattan.
fellinto
5.Theplainfactisthattheyaregivingmethesake,howevertheytrytodressitup.
makeitmoreacceptable
6.Thesecretisnottobroodoveryourfailures,buttaacceptthemasinevitable.
careabout
7.Theoptionofincreasinginvestmenthasbeenruledout.
givenup
8.Itiswisetosetfoodandmoneybyincaseofafutureemergency.
reserveforfutureuse
Ⅴ.TranslateEnglishtoChinese.
1.Moststrikingly,thesetellers-of-a-thousand-liesreportedthattheirdeceptionscausedthem"littlepreoccupationorregret."
十分惊人的是,这些无数次说谎的人称,说谎并没有是他们十分纠结或者后悔。
2.Despitetheseadmission,91percentofallrespondentssaidtheywere"satisfiedwithmyownethicsandcharacter."
尽管承认说谎,91%的反馈者称“对自己的道德和性格还是感到满意。
”
3.Surely,these"nicelies"areharmlessandwell-intended,anecessarysociallubricant.
这些善意的谎言无疑是好意的,也是社会必要的润滑剂。
4.Andifyou`renotsure,MarkTwainhasgivenusagoodruleofthumb."Whenindoubt,tellthetruth.Itwillconfoundyourenemiesandastoundyourfriends."
如果你没有把握,马克吐温给了我们一条经验法则“拿不准的时候就说实话,这会使迷惑敌人,震惊朋友。
”
Ⅵ.TranslateChineseintoEnglish.
1、当哈姆雷特拿不定主意该采取什么行动时,他就装疯(feign)
Hamletfeignedmadnesswhenhewashesitatingaboutwhattodo.
2、搪塞推诿是这生意人的惯用伎俩(prevarication)
Prevaricationisoneofthetechniquesthisbusinessmanlikestoemploy.
3、真理之光有时太刺目,于是善意的谎言随处可见(ubiquitous)
Sometimesthelightofthetruthisjusttoodazzling,sowhiteliesareubiquitous.
4、美国许多妇女声称他们对自己二等公民的地位感到不满(profess)
ManywomeninAmericaprofessthattheyareunhappywiththeirstatusassecond-classcitizens.
5、一时冲动之下,他失言抖出了秘密(blurtout)
Ontheimpulseofthemoment,heblurtedoutthesecret.
6、你应该摆脱偏见,抵制诱惑,不让任何东西扭曲你的判断(warp)
Youshouldgetridofanyprejudice,resisttemptationsandletnothingwarpyourjudgment.
7、他是一个过于敏感和富于想象的人,经常在头脑里编织一张复杂的网络(atangledweb)
Beingover-sensitiveandimaginative,heoftenweavesatangledwebinhismind.
8、他在伙伴中很受欢迎,因为他尽量不给别人添麻烦(spare)
Heisverypopularamonghispeersashealwaystriestospareothersanytrouble.
Unit8
Ⅰ.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.
1.Evenanendwhichitwouldbenobletopursueifitwereattainablemaybepursuedunwiselyifitisinherentlyimpossibleofachievement.
Itwouldbeunwisetopursueanimpossiblegoalevenifitismagnificent/great.
2.Ithinktheessenceofwisdomisemancipation,asfaraspossible,fromthetyrannyofthehereandnow.
Ithinktheessenceofwisdomistogetone'shorizonfreefromtheconfinementoftimeandspace.
Ⅱ.Explaintheunderlinepartineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1.OftheseIshouldputfirstasenseofproportion:
thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight.
takeintoconsideration;
attachadequateimportancetoeachfact
2.Nodoubt,iftheycouldhavefoundthem,theywouldhaveconferredgreatbenefitsuponmankind,butasitwastheirliveswerewasted.
Surely;
broughtagoodandhelpfuleffecttomankind;
actually
3.Todescendtolessheroicmatters,considerthecaseoftwomen,Mr.AandMr.B,whohateeachotherand,throughmutualhatred,bringeachothertodestruction.
talkaboutsomethinglessworthyorlessimportant;
destroyorruineachother
4.Sightandsoundandtouchareboundupwithourownbodiesandcannotbeimpersonal.
connectwith
5.Graduallywiththeyears,hishorizonwidens,and,inproportionashisthoughtsandfeelingsbecomelesspersonalandlessconcernedwithhisownphysicalstates,heachievesgrowingwisdom.
accordingly
Ⅲ.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofgivenwords.
1.ThemainbeneficiariesoftheHopeProjectarepoverty-strickenchildrenlivinginremoteareas,(benefit)
2.Traditionalherbalmedicineissaidtohavelessundesirablesaideffects.(desire)
3.Thecoldwinddrovethesnowalmosthorizontallyatthesoldiersmarchinginthewilderness.(horizon)
4.AmericanIndiansarenowproudtobethedescendantsofNorthAmerica`sfirstinhabitants.(descend)
5.Thesouthernregionshaveincreasinglyreliedonforeigninvestment(increase)
6.Thisphilosophicalessayisbeyondmydaughter`scapacity.(philosophy)
7.Calmdown!
Let`snotbeundulyworried.(due)
8.Intesttheory,standardizationreferstomeasurementsorassessmentsconductedunderexactspecified,andrepeatablecondition.(standard)
Ⅳ.Explaintheunderlinedphrasalverbsinyourownwords.
1.Paul`spickedupathroatinfectionthatprovesverydifficulttogetridof.
sufferedfrom
2.Hewouldnotstandbyandwatchherimpulsivelythrowherlifeaway.
lookonunconcerned
3.Thecommitteewassetupprimarilytoinquireintostandardsofpubliclife,
investigate
4.Thenursewillattendtoyourwoundsassoonasshe`sfree.
treat
5.WedecidedtoabandonfishingandheadforhomebeforeIfrozetodeath.
go
6.Imusthaveblackedout;thenextthingIrememberedwastwomenpullingmefromthecar.
lostconsciousness
7.Theserviceprovidedbythiscanteenisfarfrombeingsatisfactory,butweshalljusthavetoputupwithit.
bear
8.Thecommunitycommitteeofferedtheresidentsalectureonhowtodisposeofthehouseholdgarbageandtherecyclableresources.
dealwith
Ⅴ.TranslateEnglishtoChinese.
1.Mostpeoplewouldagreethat,althoughouragefarsurpassesallpreviousagesinknowledge,therehasbeennocorrelativeinwisdom.
大多数人或许都会同意,虽然我们所处的时代在知识积累方面远远超过以往任何时代,但在智慧方面却没有相应的增长.
2.Thishastheentirelyunintendedresultofmakingthefoodsupplyinadequateandloweringthestandardoflifeinthemostpopulouspartsoftheworld.
它产生了完全出人意料的后果,即在世界上人口最为稠密的地区,食品供应短缺,生活水平下降.
3.Itisbynomeansuncommontofindmenwhoseknowledgeiswidebutwhosefeelingarenarrow.
有些人知识渊博而情感狭隘,这绝不少见.
4.Noonecanviewtheworldwithcompleteimpartiality;andifanyonecould,hewouldhardlybeabletoremainalive.
没有人能够毫无偏见地看待世界,若有的话,他将难以活下去.
Ⅵ.TranslateChineseintoEnglish.
1.实验结果远远超出了他们的预料(surpass)
Theresultoftheexperimentfarsurpassedtheirexpectations.
2.我们应该充分考虑这个项目的费用和可能遇到的问题(takeaccountof)
Weshouldtakefullaccountofthecostoftheprojectandthedifficultieswemaymeet.
3.好天气是这次远征科学考察成功的原因之一(contributeto)
Thefineweathercontributedtothesuccessofthescientificexpedition.
4.巴西球员球星罗纳尔多(Ronaldo)在2002年世界杯足球赛中射进好几个精彩的球(spectacular)
Ronaldo,oneofthefootballstarsfromBrail,scoredseveralspectaculargoalsinthe2002WorldCup.
5.罗伯特•弗罗斯特(RobertFrost)由于对诗歌的杰出贡献被美国许多大学授予名誉学位(confer…upon)
ManyhonorarydegreesfromdifferentcollegesanduniversitiesinAmericawereconferreduponRobertFrostforhisgreatcontributionstopoetry.
6.摆脱坏习惯需要耐心和毅力(emancipationfrom…)
Patienceandperseverancearerequiredinemancipationfrombadhabits.
7.他们努力将这些新观念灌输到学生的头脑中去(instill)
Theytriedtoinstillsuchnewideasintostudents’minds.
8.你对员工进行评估时应该做到公正(impartiality)
Youshouldshowimpartialityinyourassessmentoftheemployees.
Unit11
Ⅰ.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.
1.Childrenenterschoolasquestionmarksandleaveasperiods.
Whentheystartschool,childrenarecuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.Butafterseveralyearsschooleducation,theyendup