跨文化交际课程论文模版007.docx

跨文化交际课程论文模版007.docx

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跨文化交际课程论文模版007

ThesisTitle

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中国·珠海

二○一七年五月

Obama’sSpeechMakingStrategies

Abstract

OneofthereasonsBarackHusseinObamawonhispresidentialelectionoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthatheknowshowtodeliverapowerfulspeech.In2004,whenalittle-knownsenatorfromIllinoisgavethekeynotespeechattheDemocraticNationalConventionhestarteditall.ThatsenatorwasObama.Itwasaremarkablespeech-poetic,andinspiring.Thepeoplewhohearditwouldrememberitforalongtime.

Thispaperattemptstoanalyzethesignificantrolesthatethicalappeal,languageappealandgesturalappealplayinEnglishspeeches.…

Keywords:

Obama,appeal,speech,publicspeaking,bodylanguage

中文题目

摘要

巴拉克•奥巴马能成为当今美国总统,其中一个重要因素是他卓越的演讲策略。

在2004年美国民主党全国代表大会上,一位鲜为人知的伊利诺斯州的参议员发表了一篇富有激情、振奋人心的演讲，为他铺垫了成功的道路,他就是巴拉克奥巴马。

当场所有的人无不为之鼓舞、喝彩。

这篇论文主要借助美国现任总统巴拉克奥巴马的演讲案例来分析人格魅力，语言魅力和手势这三种魅力在英语演讲中所扮演的重要角色。

……

关键词：

奥巴马；魅力；演讲稿；公共演讲；肢体语言

CONTENTS

AbstractⅠ

摘要Ⅱ

Introduction1

1ThePowerofEnglishPublicSpeaking2

2BiographyofPresidentBarackObamax

2.1TheEducationalExperienceThatLedtoObama’sSuccessx

2.2TheLifeExperienceThatEstablishedObama’sPersonalAppealx

3KeynoteAddressatthe2004DemocraticNationalConventionx

4Obama’sSpeechMakingStrategiesx

4.1VerbalStrategiesx

4.1.1TheWordsThatMatterx

4.1.2ThePowerofRhetoricalLinguisticsinSpeakingx

4.2Non-VerbalStrategiesx

4.2.1Obama’sWaysofDeliveringx

4.2.2GesturesThatGowiththeMeaningoftheWordsx

4.2.3VoiceandIntonationx

Conclusionx

Bibliographyx

Introduction

ItisneverinappropriatetosaythatoneofthereasonsObamabeathisrivalsandwonhispresidentialelection,wasgivingwonderfulspeechestohisaudience.Ithaslongbeenawell-knownconceptthatpublicspeakingisoneofthemostimportantskillsthatleadstosuccessinaperson’scareer.Thatiswhythewesterncountriesadoptspeechmakingastheelectoralsystemofleadersofthegovernment;considerthechanceofanAfricanAmericanbecomingthepresidentoftheUnitedStates.

…

1ThePowerofEnglishPublicSpeaking

Nomatterwhatcareerpeoplechoosehavingapowerfulcommandofthepublicspeakingwillgreatlyincreasetheiroddsofsuccess.

Herelet’stakealookatacurrentsurveyreleasedonOctober2,2006,byTheConferenceBoard,CorporateVoicesforWorkingFamilies,Partnershipfor21stCenturySkills,andtheSocietyforHumanResourceManagementgroups.

“Whatappliedskillsandbasicknowledgearemostessentialskillforthoseyouwillhirewithafour-yearcollegediploma?

”

OralCommunication

95.4%

Collaboration

94.4%

Professional/WorkEthic

93.8%

WrittenCommunication

93.1%

CriticalThinking/ProblemSolving

93.1%

Ninetyfivepointfourpercentofthegrouplistedoralcommunicationasthemostvitalabilityforthemtohireafour-yearcollegegraduate.Whatcanbelearnedhereisthatcommunicationabilityplaysamoresignificantrolethananyoftheotherimportantabilitiesforpeopletogainajob.

…

2BiographyofPresidentBarackObama

2.1TheEducationalExperienceThatledtoObama’sSuccess

Obama’seducationalexperienceduringhisschoolingyearscontributedtohisspeakingskillforming.Alawyerisoneofthemosteloquentpeopleintheworld.ObamawenttolawschoolandhewastheprofessorwhotaughtlawinUniversity.Obamashowedgreatleadershipevenwhenhewasastudentincollege,fromtheeditortothepresidentofagroup.Theauthorbelievesthatnoonejustturnsintoagreatmanbecauseofonesingleeventhedoes.Shelley（1987:

29）heldaboldview:

“Poetsaretheunacknowledgedlegislatorsoftheworld.”,asishisspeech.

Followinghighschool,in1979,ObamamovedtoLosAngelestoattendOccidentalCollege.InFebruary1981,hemadehisfirstpublicspeech,callingforOccidental'sdivestmentfromSouthAfrica.

…

2.2TheLifeExperienceThatEstablishedObama’sPersonalAppeal

WehearalotspecificstoriesinObama’sspeeches:

theyoungmannamedShamusattheVFWHallinEastMoline,Illinois;theworkersinGalesburg,Illinois,whoarelosingtheirunionjobsattheMaytagplantthat'smovingtoMexico;thefatherwhowaslosinghisjobandchokingbacktears,wonderinghowhewouldpay$4,500amonthforthedrugshissonneeds;theyoungwomaninEastSt.Louis,andthousandsmorelikeher,whohasthegrades,hasthedrive,hasthewill,butdoesn'thavethemoneytogotocollege;thepeoplehemetinsmalltownsandbigcities,indinersandofficeparks.

…

3KeynoteAddressatthe2004DemocraticNationalConvention

In2004,PresidentBarackObamaalittleknownsenatorfromIllinoisdeliveredhiskeynoteaddressthatrockedtheworld.WhatisPresidentBarackObamadoing?

Whatcommunicationpracticeshaveenabledhimtomoverapidlyfromobscurity,overcomingchallengesthatcouldhavethwartedanothercandidate—hisrace,hisyouth,his“exotic”nametobecomeoneofthemostimportantfiguresintheDemocraticParty?

Whatoratoryskillsaccountforhisabilitytobringsuchdisparatesegmentsofsocietytogether,“transcending”race,energizingmillennialandinspiringnewcomers—youngandoldtoparticipateintheelectoralprocess?

HowdoesObamamanagetobreakdownsomanybarriers?

Howdoesheconnectsowellwithlisteners,movingthemonbothanemotionalandintellectuallevelashetranslateshisvisionintotheimpulsetoact?

Whatcanleadersinallarenas—business,politics,law,nonprofitandacademialearnfromhim?

…

4Obama’sSpeechMakingStrategies

4.1VerbalStrategies

4.1.1TheWordsThatMatter

Therehavebeenotherleaderswithimpressivepersonalstories.Therehavealsobeenotherleaderswhohavespokenwordsofunity,goodwill,andhope.WhatmakesObamasocompelling?

Whydoeshismessageresonatesopowerfully?

WhatisitthathashelpedBarackObamaelicitreactionssuchas,“Hiswordsmovedme,”and“Heunderstands?

”Hisspeechesarefarfrommererecitations—hehasdemonstratedaremarkableabilitytoconnectwithlisteners.Thekeyhasbeenhistalentforknowinghisaudienceandidentifyingtheissuestheymostcareabout.

…

4.1.2ThePowerofRhetoricalLinguisticsinSpeaking

Parallelconstruction,orrepetition,isthemostcommonlyusedrhetoricaldeviceinspeechesandinimportantarticles.Thoughwecan’tbemorefamiliarwithparallelismhere，itisstillnecessaryforustotakeanotherlookatthedefinitionofparallelstructure.

…

4.2Non-VerbalStrategies

Listeningtothespeechontheradio,wewouldgetamuchgreatersenseofObamahimself,hisrhythmandpacingashedelivered hiswordsandafeelingforwhathefeltwas importantthroughhistoneofvoice.

…

AsIcan’tstateaswellasanyexpertsthatcanstate,hereIwouldliketoapplythestatementsthatShellyLeannewroteinherbookSayItlikeObama:

…

4.2.3VoiceandIntonation

Thedeeptimbreofhisvoice,hisnaturalasset,heightenedthepositiveimpression.Thewayhecontrolledhisvoice—amplifyingitwhenappropriate,glidingupahalf-octavewhenneeded,orallowingittofallflattodenotedisapproval—gavepowertohiswordsandhelpedhighlighthiskeythemes.Varyingtheemotionaltextureofhistone—makingitwistfulattimes,affectionateatothers,andindignantwhenappropriate—alsogavegreatdepthtohiswords.

…

Conclusion

Obama’spoliticalsuccessesunderscoreawell-establishedfact,leadersbenefitwhentheydevelopoutstandingcommunicationskills,becausetheabilitytoconveyvision,toinspireconfidence,topersuadeandmotivateothersiskeytoeffectiveleadership.ThewordsusedtodescribeObama’sstyle—charismatic,magneticenergizing—speaktohisstrengthasacommunicator.Theadjectivesinvoketocharacterizehisspeeches:

eloquent,inspiring,compelling.ManyobserversconsiderObamasuchanaccomplishedspeakerthattheycomparehimwiththegreatcommunicatorsofMartinLutherKingJr.,JohnF.Kennedy,RobertKennedy,BillClinton,andRonaldReagan.

…

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