新编大学英语教材四课后答案.docx

新编大学英语教材四课后答案.docx

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新编大学英语教材四课后答案

Unit1LeisureActivities

Post-Reading

ReadingComprehension

1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText

Para.1-3

Humorisuniversal,butpeople’ssenseofhumorvaries.

Para.4.

Evenanimalshaveasenseofhumor.Theauthor’sdogisagoodexample.

Para.5

Thetypicalthreepartsofajoke:

1）setup,2）body,3）punchline.

Para.6-12

Differentformsofhumor:

1）slap-stick,2）Chinesecross-talk,3）aplayonwords,4）punsanddoubleentendres.

Para.13

Humorwillpersisteventhoughsomeprofessionalhumoriststhinktoday’shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.

2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation

1）B2）D3）C4）A5）C6）A7）A8）D9）B10）B

Vocabulary

1.1）A.entertainingB.entertainmentC.entertainedD.entertainer

2）A.recognizableB.recognizedC.recognition

3）A.temptingB.temptationC.tempt

4）A.reasonedB.reasoningC.reasonableD.reason

5）A.analyzedB.analyticalC.analystD.analysis

6）A.valuableB.valuationC.valued/valuesD.values

7）A.humoristB.humorC.humorousD.humorless

8）A.understandableB.understandingC.understandD.misunderstood

2.1）asenseofresponsibility2）asenseofsafety/security3）asenseofinferiority

4）asenseofsuperiority5）asenseofrhythm6）asenseofjustice

7）asenseofshame8）asenseofhelplessness9）asenseofdirection

10）asenseofurgency

3.1）mischief2）sense3）end4）successful5）contacted

6）individually7）response8）answer9）directly10）followed

Translation

1）Livelybehaviorisnormal

2）FastcarsappealtoJohn

3）diversearguments

4）Iaskedmybossforclarification

5）verysensitivetolight

6）Mutualencouragement

7）madefunofhim

8）persistsinhisopinion/viewpoint

9）tobethefocus/centerofattention

10）webuyourticketsinadvance

Unit2ThePowerofWords

Post-Reading

ReadingComprehension

1.RecognizingtheOrganizationoftheText

1）ThesignificanceofDonWolfe’snotes.

—DonWolfe’supliftingnotesmadetheauthorconfidentandmanyothersfeelgood.

3）Someverybusypeoplewritenotesandbenefitfromthispractice,forexample,GeorgeBushandsometopcorporatemanagerslikeDonaldPeterson.

5）Conclusion:

Anupliftingnotemakesboththereceiverandthesenderfeelgood.

2.1）F　2）F　3）T4）F　5）T　6）F　7）T　8）F　9）T　10）T

11）T　12）T　

Vocabulary

1.CreatingCompoundWords

STEPONE:

Thecompoundwordscreated

upbeat,uplift

drawback

handwritten

rag-eared

ever-ready

overdue

self-conscious

milestone

typewriter,typewritten

well-wishing,well-written

STEPTWO:

1）upbeat/uplifting2）ever-ready3）overdue4）typewriter

5）milestone6）handwritten7）uplifted8）self-conscious9）rag-eared

10）drawbacks

2.1）A.intriguedv.interest

B.intriguesn.theactorpracticeofsecretlyplanningtoharmsomeoneormakethemlosetheirpositionofpower

2）A.strainingv.tryveryhardtodosomethingusingallyourphysicalormentalstrength

B.strainn.aforcethatstretches,pullsorputspressureonsomething

3）A.savorn.taste;flavor

B.savoredv.enjoythetasteorflavorof;enjoyasmuchasyoucan

4）A.treasurev.treatsomethingasbeingveryspecial,important,orvaluable

B.treasuren.astoreofgold,silver,jewels,etc.

5）A.creditedv.consider…ashavingachievedsomethingorbeingthereasonforit

B.creditn.trust;faith

6）A.boostn.anencouragingactofcheeringsomebodyup

B.boostv.makesomeonefeelmoreconfidentandlessworried

7）A.noten.ashort,usuallyinformal,letter

B.notedv.noticeorpaycarefulattentiontosomething

8）A.signedv.writeyoursignatureonaletterordocumenttoshowthatyouwroteit,agreedwithit

B.signn.gestureusedtoexpressone’smeaning,idea,etc.

9）A.stuffedv.fillsomethingwithasubstance

B.stuffn.substanceormaterial

10）A.countn.thenumberthatisreachedwhensomethingisbeingcounted

B.countv.beimportant

11）A.complimentedv.expresspraiseoradmirationofsomebody

B.complimentn.anexpressionofpraise,admiration,approval,etc.

12）A.floodn.alargenumberoramount

B.floodingv.arriveinlargenumbers

3.column:

1）D2）A3）B4）C

tough:

1）D2）B3）E4）F5）C6）A

5.

1）A.complementaryB.complimentaryC.complimentary

complimentary:

1）expressingadmiration,praise,etc.

2）givenfreeofcharge

complementary:

makingsomethingcompleteorperfect;supplyingwhatislackingorneededforcompletion

2）A.stationeryB.stationaryC.stationary

stationary:

notmoving,ornotchanging

stationery:

writingmaterials（e.g.paper,envelopes,etc.）

3）A.typistB.typewriterC.typist

typewriter:

amachinewithakeyboardthatyouusefortypingwordsdirectlyontoasheetofpaper

typist:

apersonwhotypes,especiallyoneemployedtodoso

4）A.vulgarB.vagueC.vague

vague:

1）notclearlyexpressed,known,describedordecided

2）notclearinshape;notclearlyseen

vulgar:

nothavingorshowinggoodtasteorgoodmanners;noteducated

5）A.padB.patC.pad

pad:

1）severalsheetsofpaperfastenedtogether,usedforwriting,drawing,etc.

2）apieceofsoftthickclothorrubberwhichisusedtoprotectapartofthebody,giveshapetosomethingorcleansomething

6）A.ownB.owedC.owesD.owned

owe:

1）havetopay,forsomethingalreadydoneorgiven

2）feelgrateful

own:

1）a.belongingtooneselfandtonooneelse

2）v.possess（something）,especiallybylawfulright

5.

1）solution2）wasted3）hidden4）subject5）noise

6）extra7）purchased8）replaced9）appreciation10）strange

Translation

1）themaindrawbackwiththistypeofsearchengine

2）She’sverygenerouswithhertime

3）Theywillneverbemorethanacasualacquaintance

4）Hedoubtedthatthecarwashers

5）theywillremaininthememoryforever

6）Inaworldtoooftenfilledwithuncertainties

7）Ayearaheadofthepredictionbythesearchgroup

8）Solongasshedoesn’tmakeahabitofit

Unit3GenderDifferences

Post-Reading

ReadingComprehension

1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText

1）Introduction（Para.1）

Ithasbeenprovenrepeatedlythatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhat

constitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.

2）Thereisaculturalbiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.（Para.2-4）

Supportingevidence:

A.Teacherscalledonmalesinclassfarmorethanonfemalestudents.（Para.2）

i）Itsconsequence:

Thishasatremendousimpactonthelearningprocess.

ii）Thereasonforthis:

Activeclassroomparticipantsdevelopmorepositiveattitudesandgo

ontohigherachievement.

iii）Twoexamples:

a.Inmanyoftheformerall-women’scolleges,theboyswere“takingover”theclassroom

discussionsandactiveparticipationbywomenstudentshaddiminishednoticeably.

b.Asimilarsubordinationoffemaletomalestudentshasalsobeenobservedinlawandmedicalschoolclassroomsinrecentyears.

B.Teachersassignedboysandgirlsdifferenttasksaccordingtostereotypedgenderroles.

（Para.3）

i）Itsconsequence:

Thispreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclass.

ii）Anexample:

Ateacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientific“experiment”whilethe

girlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.

C.Gender-biasededucationisalsoreflectedinthetypicalAmericanteacher’sassumption.（Para.4）

i）Theassumption:

Boyswilldobetterinthe“hard”,“masculine”subjectsofmathand

sciencewhilegirlsareexpectedtohavebetterverbalandreadingskills.

ii）Threeexamples:

a.Americanboysdodevelopreadingproblems,whilegirls,whoaresuperiortoboysinmathuptotheageofnine,fallbehindfromthenon.

b.InGermany,allstudiesareconsidered“masculine”,anditisgirlswhodevelopreadingproblems.

c.InJapan,whereearlyeducationappearstobenonsexist,bothgirlsandboysdoequallywellinreading.

3）Theeducationalbiasbeginsathome.（Para.5）

A.Supportingevidence:

i）Boypreschoolerswerepermittedtogoawayfromhomeinamuchwiderareathangirl

preschoolers.

ii）Boyswereencouragedtodevelopintellectualcuriosityandphysicalskills,whilegirlsare

filledwithfearsoftheworldoutsidethehomeandwiththedesiretobeapprovedoffor

their“goodness”andobediencetorules.

B.Theconsequencewhentheselessonscarryoverfromthehometotheclassroom:

Girlsaregenerallyobservedtobemoredependentontheteacher,moreconcernedwiththe

formandneatnessoftheirworkthanitscontent,andmoreanxiousaboutbeing“right”in

theiranswersthaninbeingintellectuallyindependent,analytical,ororiginal.

C.Conclusion:

Throughtheeducationalprocessthatoccupiesmostofthechild’swakinghours,

societyreinforcesitsestablishedvaluesandturnsouteachsexinitstraditionalandexpected

mold.

2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation

1）C2）B3）B4）D5）C6）D

Vocabulary

1.1）genetic2）assign3）noticeably4）approved5）Bias

6）deprived7）constituted8）participation9）unintentional10）postgraduate

2.1）unconscious6）negative

2）discourage7）inferior

3）indirectly8）unbiased–fair

4）nonsexist9）unlimited

5）independent10）inappropriately

3.1）C2）D3）A4）E5）B6）C7）F8）B

Translation

1）carryoverintopersonal

2）callingontheboysmoreoften

3）gettingallthelaundryputaway

4）hasfallenbehindacademically

5）who’sgoingtotakeover

Unit4Creativity

Post-Reading

ReadingComprehension

1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText

1）Introduction（Para.1）

Itisintroducedinthe