新目标人教版八年级英语下语法讲解.docx

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新目标人教版八年级英语下语法讲解.docx

新目标人教版八年级英语下语法讲解

新目标人教版八年级英语下_语法讲解

结合新目标人教版八年级英语下册Unit4

谈谈直接引语和间接引语

山东省东营市利津县汀罗镇第一中学张树梓邮编257452

1.首先同学们先从概念上理解直接引语和间接引语:

直接引用别人的话叫直接引语,用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。

直接引语前后加引号,间接引语不必加。

现用课本中的句子解释如下:

直接引语:

Marciasaid,“SheishavingasurprisepartyforLanaonFridaynight.”

Lanasaid,“I’mmadatMarcia.”

间接引语:

MarciasaidthatshewashavingasurprisepartyforLanaonFridaynight.

LanasaidthatshewasmadatMarcia.

2.变直接引语为间接引语的方法:

(1)直接引语的主语是第一人称,改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称,如:

Lanasaid,“I’mmadatMarcia.”

LanasaidthatshewasmadatMarcia.

注:

若直接引语为陈述句,改为间接引语时,可以把that省略。

(2)若主语谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变成间接引语要调整时态。

列表如下:

直接引语

间接引语

现在时

过去时

现在完成时

过去完成时

过去完成时

不变

将来进行时

过去将来进行时

现在进行时

过去进行时

过去时

过去完成时

将来时

过去将来时

将来完成时

过去将来完成时

通过上表,同学们可以了解GrammarFocus中直接引语与间接引语的变化方式了,如下:

Directspeech

Reportedspeech

IammadatMarcia.

ShesaidshewasmadatMarcia.

IamhavingapartyforLana.

ShesaidshewashavingapartyforLana.

IgotothebeacheverySaturday.

HesaidhewenttothebeacheverySaturday.

Iwillcallyoutomorrow.

Hetoldmehewouldcallmetomorrowthenextday.

Icanspeakthreelanguages.

Shesaidshecouldspeakthreelanguages.

注:

若直接引语部分是一种客观事实时,时态不变,如:

Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.

该为间接引语:

Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

(3)直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。

列表如下:

直接引语

间接引语

指示代词

thisthese

thatthose

 

时间状语

now

today

tonight

thisweek

yesterday

lastweek

threedaysago

tomorrow

nextweek

then

thatday

thatnight

thatweek

thedaybefore

theweekbefore

threedaysbefore

thenextday

thenextweek

地点状语

here

there

动词

come

go

(4)若直接引语为一般疑问句(即倒装语序,改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序,而且要用连词if或whether。

如本单元Self—check部分中的第二题中的“Sheaskedmeifshecouldcopymyhomework.”就是由直接引语“Sheaskedme,‘canIcopyyourhomework?

’”变化而来。

同时,如下句:

Sheaskedhermum,“CanIgowithyou?

Sheaskedhermumifshecouldgowithher.

以上是结合本单元对直接引语与间接引语的变化做了简单的介绍,同学们,你学会了么?

做一下下面的题来自我检测一下吧!

把下列的直接引语改为间接引语:

1.Hesaid,“Didyouseehimyesterday?

2.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundthesun.”

3.Shesaid,“I’mcomingthisafternoon”.

4.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”

5.Shesaid,“Ihaveseenthefilm.Itisgood.”

6.Emilysaid,“ShallIdothat?

7.Thewaiterasked,“IsthereanythingelseIcando?

8.Johnasked,“Doyouunderstand?

9.Heasked,“Areyouateacherorastudent?

10.Hesaid,“Idon’tsmoke.”

参考答案:

1.HeaskedifIhadseenhimthedaybefore.

2.Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.

3.Shesaidthatshewasgoingthatafternoon.

4.Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.

5.Shesaidshehadseenthefilmanditwasgood.

6.Emilyaskedifsheshoulddothat.

7.Thewaiteraskediftherewassomethingelsehecoulddo.

8.JohnaskedifIunderstood.

9.HeaskedifIwasateacherorastudent.

10.Hesaidthathedidn’tsmoke.

 

Unit1练习

根据首字母和句意填入适当的单词

1.SheisfromJapan.ShecanspeakJ_________.

2.MrsBrownisfromCanada.ShecanspeakEnglishandF________.

3.Whatl___________doesyourpenpalspeak?

4.SydneyisinA_______________.

5.Mybrotherl__________inCanada.6.HerfavoritecityisP_________.

7.---AreyoufromtheU_________K_________?

---No,I’mfromtheU______S________.

8.---WhereisShanghai?

----It’sinC__________.

用所给单词的正确形式填空

1._______(Japan)speakEnglishandFrench.2.________(Japanese)isnearChina.

3..Theyare______(China)teachers.4.Iwant______(make)friendsinChina.

5.Peoplefromdifferent______(country)areallfriends.

6.Wethink_______(Australian)isanEnglish-speakingcountry,too.

根据提示写出正确的单词

1.Myfriendisa________(日本人).2.Howmany_______(语言)canyouspeak?

3.Our______(世界)isverybig.4.Heisfrom________(澳大利亚).

5.Julie’spenpal______(住)inBeijing.6.NewYorkisacityoftheUnitedS______.

7.HelivesinToronto,C_______.8.W________aretheboysfrom?

9.IcandoChineseKungfu.Ithinkit’se_________.10.Whydoyouasktheq_________?

11.Iwantto______(交make)penpalsontheinternet.

12.Tomlikesgoingtothe______(电影)onweedends.

13.Alicehasasisterandtwo_______(兄弟).14.Johncanspeaka_______(一点)Chinese.

15.Pleasewriteandtellmeabout______(你自己).

单项选择

1._____areyoufrom?

A.WhenB.HowC.WhyD.Where

2.---Where_____herpenfriend_____?

---She’sfromTokyo.

A.does,fromB.is,fromC.does,inD.is,in

3.Where_______yourteachersfrom?

A.isB.amC.areD.do

4.Where_____yourbrotherlive?

A.isB.areC.doD.does

5.---WhereisSydney?

---In______.

A.theUnitedStatesB.CanadaC.AustraliaD.theUnitedKingdom

6.TheUnitedStates______verybig.A.isB.areC.amD.be

7.---_____doyougo?

---Igotothemovies.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhatD.How

8.---What’sher_____name?

---Hernameis______.

A.first,KingB.last,LucyC.first,JolieD.last,Andrew

9.Whereis_____penpalfrom?

A.JohnB.JohnsC.Johns’D.John’s

10.Ilikegoingtomovieswithmypalsand______sports.

A.playB.toplayC.playingD.plays

11.Jim______Canadaspeaks________.

A.in,ChineseandEnglishB.in,JapaneseandEnglish

C.from,EnglishandFrenchD.from,FrenchandSpanish(西班牙语).

12.Weknow______isinUSA.

A.TorontoB.TokyoC.ParisD.NewYork

13.Mybirthdayis_______November.A.atB.inC.onD.of

14.---Mybirthdayiscoming.Wouldyouliketomyparty?

---Sure,______isit?

---It’sNovember20th.

A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.How

15.---Jamesisgoodatsports.Heplays_____basketballverywell.

---Andheplays______pianowell,too.----Wow,sogreat!

A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/

16.---Kelly,couldyoucomehere,please?

Ineedsome_______.----Ok,I’mcoming.

A.friendsB.peopleC.helpD.hands

17.It’s______tostayathome.Idon’tlikeit.

A.boringB.interestingC.funD.relaxing

18.---Whatisyourfavoritesubjectatschool?

---____________.

A.FootballB.BasketballC.ScienceD.Running

19.---Goodbye!

---Bye!

Pleasewritetome______.

A.soonB.fastC.quicklyD.now

20.---Canyoudowellinmath?

---Ofcourse,it’s______forme.

A.toodifficultB.apieceofcakeC.alittleeasyD.justso-so

21.--WhereisSydney?

---It’sin_______.

A.AmericaB.AustraliaC.theUnitedKingdomD.Mexico

22.---They’refromJapan.Whatabout_______?

A.heB.hisC.himD.you

23.---IssheanAmericangirl?

---No,sheis_____.She’sfrom______.

A.English,EnglandB.English,EnglandC.England,EnglandD.England,English

24.Whatlanguagedoyou______?

A.tellB.sayC.speakD.talk

25.Where_____yourpenpal________from?

A.is,comeB.are,/C.is,/D.does,comes

26.They______twocats.Thecatsareblack.

A.haveB.areC.doD.is

27.---DoesKatehaveanyChinesebooks?

---_________.

A.Yes,shehasB.No,shehasn’tC.Yes,shedoesD.No,shedoes

27.What________doesshespeak?

A.lessonsB.subjectsC.languageD.words

28.________ismypenpal.She’sfromCananda.

A.ItB.ThisC.WhoD.How

补全对话:

A:

Isthatyournew_____pal,Lucy?

B:

Yes,itis.

A:

Oh,_______hername?

B:

HernameisMaria.

A:

Uh-huh.Andwhereisshe_______?

B:

Um,she’sfromCanada.

A:

Uh-huh.Where_____shelive?

B:

Shelives_______Toronto.

A:

Doesshehave_____brothersandsisters?

B:

Yes,shedoes.She_____twobrothersandtwosisters.

A:

_____shespeakEnglish?

B:

Yes.She______EnglishandSpanish.

完型填空

A:

根据表格填空:

Name:

TomAnderson

FirstName:

Tom

LastName:

Anderson

Age:

14From:

Australia

Language:

English

FavoriteSport:

Soccer

FavoriteSubject:

Physics

FavoriteMovie:

Frequency

Family:

brother(Sam),sister(Lisa)

PENPALWANTED

MyisTomAnderson.I’m____oldandI’mfrom.Ispeak.Ihaveabrother,Sam,anda,Lisa.Iplayonweekends.It’smyfavoritesport.Ienjoy(喜欢)classatschool.It’sfun!

Myfavorite____isFrequency.Doyouknowit?

It’sanactionmovie.

Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.

(B)

MyfriendTanaka1fromJapan.Hecan2Japanese,EnglishandalittleChinese.Heoften3mewithsomeJapanese.Helovesmusic.Helikes4thepiano.Hecan5play6guitar,butnotvery7.Hewantsapenpalin8.He9Chinaisavery10country.

1.A.isB.areC.amD.be

2.A.speakB.tellC.speaksD.tells

3.A.tellsB.helpsC.writesD.dances

4.A.singandplayB.tosingandtoplayC.tosingandplayD.singandtoplay

5.A.alsoB.tooC.reallyD.real

6.A.aB.theC.anD./

7.A.boringB.sadC.goodD.well

8.A.SingaporeB.FranceC.AustraliaD.China

9.A.thinkB.thinksC.likeD.likes

10.A.difficultB.scaryC.interestingD.tired

阅读理解(A)

MrsKingisateacher.SheteachesEnglish.ShecanspeakalittleChinese,too.ShegoestoChineseclasseseveryweek.

MrsKingisfromSydneyinAustralia,butshelikesworkinginChina.Shesaysherstudentsallworkveryhardandtheyareveryfriendly.Shelovesherstudents.

MrsKinghasasonandadaughter.Herson’snameisMike.Heistenyearsold.Herdaughter’snameisSue.She’ssevenyearsold.TheygotoschoolhereinChina.Theyhaveclassesonweekdays.Theyliketheirschoolverymuch.

Afterschooltheygoshoppingandgoswimmingsometimes(有时候).Theyhelptheirmotherdosomehousework.Theyhaveahappyfamilylife.

根据短文内容判断正误(对的写T,错误的写F)

1.MrsKingtachesinaschool

2.MrsKinggoestoChineseclasseseveryday.

3.MrsKinghasonlyonechild.

4.Hersonistenyearsold.

5.Herchildrendon’tgotoschoolonMonday.

6.ThestudentsinMrsKing’sclassareveryfriendly.

7.ShelikesworkinginChina.

8.MikeandSueoftengoshoppingandgoswimmingafterschool.

9.Theydon’thelptheirmother.

10.MrsKingisagoodteache

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