新目标人教版八年级英语下语法讲解.docx

1、新目标人教版八年级英语下语法讲解新目标人教版八年级英语下_语法讲解结合新目标人教版八年级英语下册Unit4谈谈直接引语和间接引语山东省东营市利津县汀罗镇第一中学 张树梓 邮编2574521 首先同学们先从概念上理解直接引语和间接引语： 直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语前后加引号，间接引语不必加。现用课本中的句子解释如下：直接引语：Marcia said, “She is having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.”Lana said, “Im mad at Marci

2、a.”间接引语：Marcia said that she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.Lana said that she was mad at Marcia.2. 变直接引语为间接引语的方法：（1）直接引语的主语是第一人称，改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称，如：Lana said, “Im mad at Marcia.”Lana said that she was mad at Marcia.注：若直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，可以把that 省略。（2）若主语谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语要调整时

3、态。列表如下：直接引语间接引语现在时过去时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变将来进行时过去将来进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去时过去完成时将来时过去将来时将来完成时过去将来完成时通过上表，同学们可以了解Grammar Focus中直接引语与间接引语的变化方式了，如下：Direct speechReported speechI am mad at Marcia.She said she was mad at Marcia. I am having a party for Lana.She said she was having a party for Lana.I go to the beach

4、every Saturday.He said he went to the beach every Saturday.I will call you tomorrow.He told me he would call me tomorrow the next day.I can speak three languages.She said she could speak three languages.注：若直接引语部分是一种客观事实时，时态不变，如：The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.该为间接引语：The teacher said

5、that the earth goes round the sun.(3) 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。列表如下：直接引语间接引语指示代词this thesethat those时间状语nowtodaytonight this weekyesterdaylast weekthree days ago tomorrownext weekthenthat day that nightthat weekthe day beforethe week beforethree days beforethe next daythe next week地点状语herethere动

6、词comego(4) 若直接引语为一般疑问句（即倒装语序，改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序，而且要用连词if或whether。如本单元Selfcheck部分中的第二题中的“She asked me if she could copy my homework.”就是由直接引语“She asked me, can I copy your homework?”变化而来。同时，如下句：She asked her mum, “Can I go with you?”She asked her mum if she could go with her.以上是结合本单元对直接引语与间接引语的变化做了简单的介绍，同

7、学们，你学会了么？做一下下面的题来自我检测一下吧！ 把下列的直接引语改为间接引语：1 He said, “Did you see him yesterday?”2 He said, “The moon moves around the sun.”3 She said, “Im coming this afternoon”.4 He said, “I like it very much.”5 She said, “I have seen the film. It is good.”6 Emily said, “Shall I do that?”7 The waiter asked, “Is th

8、ere anything else I can do?”8 John asked, “ Do you understand?”9 He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”10 He said , “I dont smoke.”参考答案：1 He asked if I had seen him the day before.2 He said that the moon moves around the sun.3 She said that she was going that afternoon.4 He said that he liked i

9、t very much.5 She said she had seen the film and it was good.6 Emily asked if she should do that.7 The waiter asked if there was something else he could do.8 John asked if I understood.9 He asked if I was a teacher or a student.10 He said that he didnt smoke.Unit1 练习根据首字母和句意填入适当的单词1.She is from Japa

10、n. She can speak J_. 2.Mrs Brown is from Canada. She can speak English and F_.3.What l _ does your pen pal speak? 4. Sydney is in A _.5.My brother l _ in Canada. 6. Her favorite city is P_.7.-Are you from the U _ K _ ? - No, Im from the U_ S_.8.-Where is Shanghai? - Its in C _.用所给单词的正确形式填空1._ (Japan

11、) speak English and French. 2. _ ( Japanese) is near China.3.They are _ (China) teachers. 4. I want _ (make)friends in China.5.People from different _ (country) are all friends.6.We think _ (Australian) is an English-speaking country, too.根据提示写出正确的单词1.My friend is a _ (日本人). 2. How many _ (语言) can y

12、ou speak?3.Our _ (世界) is very big. 4. He is from _ (澳大利亚).5.Julies pen pal _ (住) in Beijing. 6. New York is a city of the United S _. 7.He lives in Toronto, C _. 8. W _ are the boys from?9.I can do Chinese Kung fu. I think its e _. 10.Why do you ask the q_ ?11.I want to _ (交 make )pen pals on the in

13、ternet. 12.Tom likes going to the _ (电影)on weedends.13.Alice has a sister and two _ (兄弟). 14.John can speak a _ (一点)Chinese. 15. Please write and tell me about _ (你自己).单项选择1. _ are you from ? A. When B. How C. Why D. Where2. - Where _ her pen friend _ ? - Shes from Tokyo. A. does, from B. is, from C

14、. does, in D. is, in3. Where _ your teachers from ? A. is B. am C. are D. do 4. Where _ your brother live ? A. is B. are C. do D. does5. - Where is Sydney? - In _ . A. the United States B. Canada C. Australia D. the United Kingdom6. The United States _ very big. A. is B. are C. am D. be7. - _ do you

15、 go ? - I go to the movies. A.When B.Where C.What D.How8. - Whats her _ name? - Her name is _. A. first, King B. last, Lucy C. first, Jolie D. last, Andrew9. Where is _ pen pal from? A.John B.Johns C.Johns D.Johns10. I like going to movies with my pals and _ sports. A. play B. to play C.playing D. p

16、lays11. Jim _ Canada speaks_. A.in, Chinese and English B. in, Japanese and English C. from, English and French D.from, French and Spanish (西班牙语).12. We know _ is in USA. A.Toronto B. Tokyo C. Paris D. New York13. My birthday is _ November. A. at B. in C. on D. of 14. - My birthday is coming. Would

17、you like to my party? - Sure, _ is it? - Its November 20th. A. Where B. When C. What D. How 15. - James is good at sports. He plays _ basketball very well. - And he plays _ piano well, too. - Wow, so great! A. the, the B. /, / C. /, the D. the, / 16. - Kelly, could you come here, please? I need some

18、 _. - Ok, Im coming. A. friends B. people C. help D. hands17. Its _ to stay at home. I dont like it. A. boring B. interesting C. fun D. relaxing 18. - What is your favorite subject at school? - _. A. Football B. Basketball C. Science D. Running 19. - Goodbye! - Bye! Please write to me _ . A. soon B.

19、 fast C. quickly D. now 20. - Can you do well in math? - Of course, its _ for me. A. too difficult B. a piece of cake C. a little easy D. just so-so21. - Where is Sydney? - Its in _. A. America B. Australia C. the United Kingdom D. Mexico22. - Theyre from Japan. What about _ ? A. he B. his C. him D.

20、 you 23. - Is she an American girl ? - No, she is _. Shes from _. A. English, England B. English, England C. England, England D. England, English24. What language do you _ ? A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk25. Where _ your pen pal _ from ? A. is, come B. are, / C. is, / D. does, comes26. They _ two c

21、ats. The cats are black. A. have B. are C. do D. is 27. - Does Kate have any Chinese books ? - _. A. Yes, she has B. No, she hasnt C. Yes, she does D. No, she does27. What _ does she speak? A. lessons B. subjects C. language D. words28. _ is my pen pal. Shes from Cananda.A. It B. This C. Who D. How

22、补全对话：A: Is that your new _ pal, Lucy? B: Yes, it is .A: Oh, _ her name? B: Her name is Maria.A: Uh-huh. And where is she _ ? B: Um, shes from Canada.A: Uh-huh. Where _ she live? B: She lives _ Toronto.A: Does she have _ brothers and sisters? B: Yes, she does. She _ two brothers and two sisters.A: _

23、she speak English? B: Yes. She _ English and Spanish.完型填空A: 根据表格填空: Name: Tom Anderson First Name: Tom Last Name: Anderson Age: 14 From: AustraliaLanguage: EnglishFavorite Sport: SoccerFavorite Subject: PhysicsFavorite Movie: Frequency Family: brother (Sam), sister (Lisa)PEN PAL WANTED My is Tom And

24、erson. Im_old and Im from . I speak. I have a brother, Sam, and a, Lisa. I playon weekends. Its my favorite sport. I enjoy (喜欢)class at school. Its fun! My favorite _is Frequency. Do you know it? Its an action movie. Please write and tell me about yourself. (B)My friend Tanaka 1 from Japan. He can 2

25、 Japanese, English and a little Chinese. He often 3 me with some Japanese. He loves music. He likes 4 the piano. He can 5 play 6 guitar, but not very 7 . He wants a pen pal in 8 . He 9 China is a very 10 country.1. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. A. speak B. tell C. speaks D. tells 3. A. tells B. helps

26、C. writes D. dances4. A. sing and play B. to sing and to play C. to sing and play D. sing and to play5. A. also B. too C. really D. real6. A. a B. the C. an D. /7. A. boring B. sad C. good D. well 8. A. Singapore B. France C. Australia D. China 9. A. think B. thinks C. like D. likes10. A. difficult

27、B. scary C. interesting D. tired阅读理解 (A) Mrs King is a teacher. She teaches English. She can speak a little Chinese, too. She goes to Chinese classes every week. Mrs King is from Sydney in Australia, but she likes working in China. She says her students all work very hard and they are very friendly.

28、 She loves her students. Mrs King has a son and a daughter. Her sons name is Mike. He is ten years old. Her daughters name is Sue. Shes seven years old. They go to school here in China. They have classes on weekdays. They like their school very much. After school they go shopping and go swimming som

29、etimes（有时候）. They help their mother do some housework. They have a happy family life.根据短文内容判断正误(对的写T,错误的写F)1. Mrs King taches in a school 2. Mrs King goes to Chinese classes every day.3. Mrs King has only one child.4. Her son is ten years old.5. Her children dont go to school on Monday.6. The students in Mrs Kings class are very friendly.7. She likes working in China.8. Mike and Sue often go shopping and go swimming after school.9. They dont help their mother.10. Mrs King is a good teache