河北省石家庄市二中届高三第二学期四校联考英语试题.docx
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河北省石家庄市二中届高三第二学期四校联考英语试题
河北省石家庄市二中2021届高三第二学期四校联考英语试题
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一、阅读选择
PragueisoneofEurope'smostmagicalcitieswithitspostcardviews.ToexperiencethebestofPrague,we'veputtogetherawalkingguidetohelpyouexplorethecity.Choosingthisself-guidedtourmeansthatyoucandoitatyourownpace.
VrtbaGarden
OneofPrague'smostbeautifulandpreciousgardens.Thegardendatesbackto1720withitsoldschoolItalianbaroquestyle.ThisisoneofPrague'slesserknownattractionssoyoumaynotfindmanytouristsaround,butit'swellworththevisitandagreatwaytostartyourwalkingtourofPrague.
Address:
Kamelitsksá,373/25,11800Praha1-MaláStrana,Czechia
SaintNicholasChurch
ThemostfamouschurchinPragueistheSaintNicholasChurch.Threegenerationsofgreatarchitectstookaround100yearstobuildthismagnificentchurch.Thechurchremainsactivetothisday,sowhynotgoandhaveacloselookatthechurch?
Address:
Malostranskénám.,11800PrahaI-MaláStrana,Czechia
PragueCastle
SituatedonahillontheleftbankofriverVitava,thePragueCastleisroughlythesizeofsevenfootballfields,whichisthelargestancientcastleintheworld,sothere'salottosee.ThePragueCastlehasbeenrebuiltmanytimesthroughthecenturies,soitisanobviousmixofarchitecturalstyles.
Address:
11908Prague1,Czechia
LennonWall
ThewallisnotjustamemorialforJohnLennonandhisideasforpeace.Itspeakshighlyoffreedomofspeechandisaformofnon-violentrebellionofCzechyouthwhofoughtagainstauthoritiesduring1980.
Address:
Velkopřevorskénáměstí,10000Praha1,Czechia
1.Whatistheadvantageoftheself-guidedtour?
A.ItofferstouristsavisittoPragueforfree.
B.Itprovidesaguidetohelpwiththetour.
C.Thereisnoneedfortouriststorush.
D.Therearemanybeautifulpostcardsonsale.
2.WhatissaidaboutVrtbaGarden?
A.ItistheoldestgardeninPrague.
B.Ithasalreadyattractedmosttourists.
C.Itisagoodchoicetobeginyourtour.
D.ItistheonlyoneinItalianbaroquestyle.
3.WhatshouldyoudowhenvisitingthePragueCastle?
A.Youshouldallowmoretimetoexplorethesite.
B.Youshouldhaveagoodtimeplayingfootball.
C.YoushouldresearchthehistoryoftheCastle.
D.YoushouldbecarefulwhencrossingtheriverVitava.
Socialdistancingisnotanewconceptinthenaturalworld,whereinfectiousdiseasesarecommonplace.Throughspecializedsensesanimalscandetectcertaindiseasesandchangetheirbehaviortoavoidgettingill.
In1966,whilestudyingchimps(猩猩)inaTanzaniannationalpark,zoologistJaneGoodallobservedachimpnamedMcGregorwhohadcaughtahighlyinfectiousvirus.Hisfellowchimpsattackedhimandthrewhimoutofthetroop.Inoneinstance,McGregorapproachedchimpsinatree.Hereachedoutahandingreeting,buttheothersmovedawaywithoutabackwardglance.
“Forafulltwominutes,oldMcGregorsatmotionless,staringafterthem,”Goodallnotesinher1971bookIntheShadowofMan.“It’sreallynotthatdifferenttohowsomesocietiesreacttodaytosuchatragedy.”
Notallanimalsaresoaggressivetowardtheirailingneighbors.Sometimesit’sassimpleasavoidingthosewhomayinfectyou.
WhenKiesecker,aleadscientistinAmerica,studiedAmericanbullfroginthelate1990s,hefoundthatbullfrogscouldnotonlydetectadeadlysmellofinfectioninotherbullfrogs,buthealthymembersactivelyavoidedthosethatweresick.Bullfrogsrelyonchemicalssignalstodeterminewhoissickornot.
Caribbeanlobstersalsoshundiseasedmembersoftheircommunity,wellbeforetheybecomeinfectious.IttakesabouteightweeksforlobstersinfectedwiththedeadlyvirusPanulirusargusmininuceovirustobecomedangeroustoothers.Normallysocialanimals,lobstersbeginkeepingawayfromthediseasedasearlyasfourweeksafterinfection–oncethelobsterscansmellcertainchemicalsreleasedbysickindividuals.
Overall,it’simportanttonotethat,unlikeus,animalsdon’trealizeiftheystayhome,theymightactuallyreducetheinfectionrate,”Kieseckerexplains.“Ashumans,wehavethatability.It’sabigdifference.”
4.WhatcanwelearnaboutthechimpsfromGoodall’sobservation?
A.Theykeptadistancefromoneanother.
B.Theybecameaggressivewheninfected.
C.Theinfectedavoidedcontactwithothers.
D.Theinfectedwereforcedtoleavethegroup.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shun”inParagraph6probablymean?
A.Avoid.B.Cure.C.Getridof.D.Getalongwith.
6.HowarehumansdifferentfromanimalsaccordingtoKiesecker?
A.Humansaremoresensitivetovirus.
B.Humansarelesslikelytogetinfected.
C.Humanstreatinfectiousdiseasesinawiserway.
D.Humanscandetectchemicalsignalsmorequickly.
7.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.HelpMeOut
B.LeaveMeAlone
C.StayAwayFromUs
D.StayHomeStayHealthy
Duringtheholidayseason,manyofusfeelpressuretofindourlovedonesthe“perfect”gift.Why?
Becausegift-givinghaslongbeenconsideredaprimewaytoexpresslove.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatsmallactsofkindness,likeakindword,huggingachildorreceivingsympathy,makepeoplefeelmostlovedandsupported.
Inthestudy,495menandwomenbetweentheagesof18and93completedaquestionnaireevaluating60possiblewaysthatpeoplecanfeellove.Thestoryboardsincludedsituationslikespendingtimewithfriends,receivinggifts,andspendingtimeinnature.Thesurveyalsoincludednegativeinteractions,likebeingcontrolledandcriticized(批评)byothers.
Thefindingshighlightthepsychologicalbenefitsthatcloserelationshipscanoffer.Infact,studyparticipantsrankedhumaninteractionasamoresignificantexpressionoflovethanreceivingmaterialitems,likepresents.ConnectingwithotherswasalsoratedmorehighlythangettingpositivefeedbackontheInternet,indicatingthatpeoplegetthemostsupportfrompersonalhumancontact.
“Duringtheholidays,anxietyrises,makingithardertoremainpresentwithourselvesandothers.However,thepowerofspendingtimewithanotherpersonisagiftwecangiveatanymoment,”saysDr.CarlaNaumburg,amindfulnesscoachandsocialworkerinNewton,Mass.Hesuggestsbalancingpartyplanningandonlineshoppingwithmomentsofhumanconnection.Activitieslikereadingtoachild,meetingafriendforawalk,ortakingamomenttocallafamilymember,arewaystoexpressloveandcareandcankeepusemotionallygrounded.
Whiletheideaofofferinglovedonesthegiftofourtimemaypaleincomparisontogivingthemagenerouspresent,recentresearchshowssharedhumanexperiencescantightensocialbonds.Despitepersonalitydifferences,mostpeopleagreeonwhatmakesusfeelloved—thepresenceofourlovedones.
8.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?
A.Giftandholidayeconomy.B.Socialandpersonalrelationships.
C.Stressandhumanprogress.D.Selfishandgenerouslove.
9.Whatcanweknowaboutthequestionaire?
A.About500menparticipatedinit.
B.Participantsdislikednegativeinteractions.
C.Awiderangeofagegroupsgotinvolved.
D.Participantshadlimitedwaystofeellove.
10.WhatdoesDr.CarlaNaumburgintendtotellus?
A.Peopleoftenfinditdifficulttostaywithothers.
B.Facetofaceconnectionisagifttoshowlove.
C.Readingtoachildisthebestwaytoconveyloveandcare.
D.Balancingholidayactivitieswithrelaxationisrecommended.
11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?
A.Gift-givingisalreadyoutofdate.
B.Socialinteractionlightsupyourholidays.
C.Itisnotpresentsbutpresencethatcounts.
D.Stresscausespeopletowithdrawfromothers.
Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.
Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.
Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.
That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.
Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.
Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.
Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.
Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?
Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.
12.Thefirsttwoparagraphssu