一般过去时现在完成时和过去完成时知识讲解.docx

一般过去时现在完成时和过去完成时知识讲解.docx

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一般过去时现在完成时和过去完成时知识讲解

一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时

一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用，试看下列例句：

1.Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning

2.Myfatherwasatworklastweek.

3.IvisitedthePalaceMuseumthreeweeksago.

4.Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.

5.Iwrotehomeonceaweekatcollege. 

1.yesterday或以其构成的短语：

yesterdaymorning（afternoon,evening）等；

2.由"last+一时间名词"构成的短语：

lastnight,lastyear（winter,month,week）等；

3.由"时间段+ago"构成的短语：

amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；

4.其它：

justnow或者由句子本身的时态所反映出来的。

现在完成时表示：

（1）过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already，just，yet，before，ever，never等副词连用；

（2）发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。

试看下列例句：

1.Myfatherhasbroughtmanybooksforme,soIcandosomereadingnow.

2.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework,soIcangiveittomyteachernow.

3.Kevinhasn'tseenthefilmyet,sohehasnothingtosayaboutthefilm.

4.ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.　

5.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.

6.Ihavelivedheresince1998.

现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,twodaysago,justnow等等，但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,before,recently,ever,never等连用。

Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。

MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。

Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。

TheyhaveneverbeentoBeijing.他们从未去过延安。

Ihaven'tseenhimrecently.我近来没看到他。

现在完成时既然可以表示从过去持续到现在，那么在延续性用法中，谓语动词必须为延续性的，而不可以和瞬间动词连用。

1.Ihavebroughtthebookfortendays.（×）

2.Theyhavealreadycomeheresincethreeyearsago.（×）

但是，在否定句中非延续性动词可以表示状态的延续，试看下列例句：

1.Ihaven'tseenherforalongtime.

2.Hehasn'tlefthomeeversincehelosthisjob.

过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”,常与by，before等词连用，也可以表示在过去某个时间或动作之前发生并一直持续到那个时间的动作或状态，常与just，already，for，since等时间副词连用，试看下列例句：

Byteno'clockthismorning,wehadvisitedtheHappyValley.

Ihadfinishedmypianolessonbeforenineyesterdayevening.

Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema.

Hehaddonehishomeworkbeforeheplayedtabletennis.

Ihadbeenatthebusstopfortenminuteswhenthebusfinallycame.

Hehadjustworkedinthatschoolforthreeyearsbeforehecametoourschool.

ThefilmhadalreadybeenonforhalfanhourwhenIwenttothecinema.

TheyhadlivedinShenzhensince2004,andtheymovedtoGuangzhoulastmonth.

【2011北京】1.PaulantI_________tennisyesterday.Hedidmuchbetterthan1.

A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying

【2011内蒙古包头】2.Mr.Blackisgoingtomarryagirlhe_________inJapanlastyear.

A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet

【2011呼和浩特】3.Hewentintohisroom,_________thelightandbegantowork.

A.hasturnedonB.turnedoffC.turnedonD.hasturnedoff

【2011贵州毕节】4.---WhatdidMr．SmithdobeforehecametoChina?

---He_________inacarfactory．

A．workedB．worksC．isworkingD．willwork

【2011四川广元】5.---HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong？

---Yes,I_________therelastmonth.

A.wentB.havebeenC.goesD.willgo

【2011山东菏泽】6.ThismorningIhadhardlygottomyschoolwhenit_________torain.

A.hadbegunB.wasbeginningC.beganD.begins

【2011广西柳州】7.---Youhavefoundyourlostumbrella,haven’tyou?

---Yes.I_________itbehindthedoorthisafternoon.

A.havefoundB.willfindC.foundD.find

【2011四川凉山】8.Tenminutesago,there_________aneraser,apenandsomebooksonthedesk.

A.wasB.wereC.isD.are

【2011四川德阳】9.---Doyouknowwhocleanedtheblackboard,Tina?

---Yes.John_________.

A.doB.doesC.didD.willdo

【2011浙江杭州】10.ThelasttimeI_________tothecinemawastwoyearsago.

A.goB.havegoneC.havebeenD.Went

【2011浙江金华】11. ---HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?

　　--- Yes,I _________therelastyearwithmyparents.

A. havebeen     B.havegone     C.went         D. go

【2011重庆】12.Icalledyou,butnobodyanswered.Where_________you?

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

【2011湖南长沙】13.---HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?

---Yes.I_________thereafewmonthsago.

AhavebeenB.wentC.havegoneD.willgo

【2011山东】14.---WhatdidMr.SmithdobeforehecametoChina?

---He_________inacarfactory.

A.worksB.workedC.isworkingD.willwork

【2011广西贵港】15.---LinKai,handinyourhomework,please.

---Oh,sorry.I_________itathomethismorning.

A.wasleavingB.hasleftC.willleaveD.left

【2011江西省】16.I'mnowinNewYorkwithmyfriendJenny.We_________byplaneonMonday.

a.arriveB.arrivedC.arearrivingD.willarrive

【2011浙江丽水】17．---GuessWhat!

Thegreatmovieisoninthecinema．

---Nothingnew．I_________itwithmyparentsonthefirstday.

A.sawB.seeC.willseeD.havebeen

【2011四川乐山】17.---When_________yourmother_________youthatbluedress,Lucy?

---Sorry,Ireallycan’tremember.Maybetwoorthreeweeksago.

A.will;buyB.does;buyC.did;buyD.did;bought

【2011山东青岛】19.Hello!

I'mverygladtoseeyou.When_________you_________here?

A.did;arriveB.will;arriveC.have;arrivedD.are;arriving

【2011湖北武汉】 20.Tomwassocarelessthathe_________hisrightarmwhenhewasridingtoschool.

  A.hurtsB.hurtedC.hurtD.hashurt

【2011湖南邵阳】21.---I_________somethingwrongjustnow.May1useyoureraser?

---Ofcourse.Hereyouare.

A.writeB.wroteC.amwritingD.willwrite

【2011福建泉州】22.---Dad,I_________thestationforminutes,butnobodycametomeetme.

---Don’tworry.I’llgotomeetyousoon.

A.arrivedatB.havebeenatC.willreachD.arrive

【2011云南八市】23.---_________youever_________Dali?

---Never.ButIamgoingtherethisvacation.

A.Do…gotoB.Have…beento

C.Have…gonetoD.Will…goto

【2011北京】24.Myauntisawriter.She_________morethantenbookssince1980.

A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite

【2011广东清远】25.Echo_________forhalfamonth.She'llcomehackintwomonths.

A.leftBleaveC.hasleftD.hasbeenaway

【2011广西百色】26.TheSmithscametoShanghaiin2008,they_________thereforthreeyearssincethen.

A.liveB.livedC.havelivedD.willlive

【2011广西桂林】27.---HaveyoueverbeentoNanning?

---Yes,_________.

A.IwasB.IdoC.IamD.Ihave

【2011河北省】28.I_________myhomework,IguessIcan'tjoinyou.

A.don'tfinishB.didn'tfinishC.haven'tfinishedD.won'tfinish

【2011河南省】29.---Excuseme,whereisMr.Brown'soffice?

---Sorry,Idon'tknow.I_________hereforonlyafewdays.

A.workB.workedC.haveworkedD.willwork

【2011黑龙江绥化市】30.---WhereisBob?

---He_________toHarbinforameeting.

A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgoneD.isgoingto

【2011江苏徐州】31.---Areyougoingtothebank,Laura?

---No,I_________tothebankalready.

A.havebeenB.havegoneC.amgoingD.hadbeen

【2011呼和浩特】32.---Oh,youarehere.I’mlookingforyouallthemorning._________？

---Tothelibrary.

A.WherehaveyougoneB.Wherewillyougo

C.WhereareyougoingD.Wherehaveyoubeen?

【2011四川资阳】33.Sofarthisyear,manynewhouses_________inWenchuanwiththehelpofthegovernment.

A.buildB.arebuiltC.willbuildD.havebeenbuilt

【2011天津】34.Mygrandmother_________alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.

A．seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen

【2011贵州毕节】35．I_________manynewfriendssinceIcamehere．

A．makeB．madeC．willmakeD．havemade

【2011福建莆田】36.Mrs.WengcamebackfromFrancein2010.She_________thereforfouryears.

A.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.working

【2011四川雅安】37.She_________thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.

A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept

【2011四川雅安】38.They_________Englandandtheywillbebacknextweek.

A.havegonetoB.havebeentoC.havegoneinD.hasbeenon

【2011四川南充】39.He_________inthiscitysincehisfamilymovedtoNanchong.

A.liveB.livedC.haslivedD.living

【2011陕西】40.SomestudentsinShanghai_________e-bagsforseveralmonths.

A.haveB.havehadC.hadD.willhave

【2011辽宁本溪】41.---IsMr.SmithstillinShanghai?

--Yes,he_________therefortwomonths.

A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto

【2011宁夏】42.MybrotherandI_________inYinchuansince1997.

A.hadlivedB.havelivedC.liveD.willlive

【2011广西贵港】43.Mypenpalsaidhewouldwritetome,butI_________anylettersfromhimsofar.

A.won'treceiveB.haven'treceivedC.hadn'treceivedD.didn'treceive

【2011广西贺州】44.Ourcountry_________thesixthpopulationcensus（人口普查）already.

A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willfinishD.finishes

【2011江苏泰州】45.---HowwelldoyouknowtheOperaHouse?

---Iknowtheplaceverywell.I_________Sydneymanytimes.

A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havearrivedin

【2011重庆江津】46.A:

Howcleanthebedroomis!

B:

Yes,Iamsurethatsomeone_________it.

A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned

【2011福建福州】47.---WhereisBen?

---He_________totheteachers’office.Hewillbebacksoon.

A.goB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.willgo

【2011重庆】48.I_________my　hometownforalongtime,Ireallymissit!

A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom

【2011山东聊城】49.---WillyoupleasegotoseethemovieGuanyinshanwithme?

---No,Iwon't.I_________already.

A.sawB.haveseenC.seeD.willsee

【2011甘肃兰州】50.---HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher?

---Heisgreat.We_________friendssincethreeyearsago.

A.wereB.havemadeC.havebeenD.havebecome

【2011山东威海】51.—Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?

—Home.We_____