学会运用亮点词语.docx

学会运用亮点词语.docx

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学会运用亮点词语

优化句式

一、长短句变化

一）短句变长句

1.Liesdoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies.Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.

→Liesnotonlydoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies,butalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.

2.Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolwork.Theyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyresorttosmoking.butsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.

→Pressuredbyschoolworkandencouragedbytheirpeers,teenagersoftenresorttosmoking,thoughtheyfeelalittleguiltysometimes.

二）长句变短句

1.Hedidn’tdotheworkwellbecauseofthefactthathedidn’thaveenoughrelativeworkexperience.

→Hedidn’tdotheworkwellforlackexperience.

2.However,ifyoudon’thaveenoughfinancialsupport,thebestthingyoushoulddoisyoustudyathome.Theplacewheretheystudyisnotveryimportantforyou.Thethingsthatyoulearnandthewayyoulearnaremoreimportantthanit.

→However,ifyoudon'thaveenoughfinancialsupport,you’dbetterstudyathomesincewhatcountsisnotwhereyoustudy,butwhatyoulearnandhowyoulearn.

二、主动变被动

1.TheemployeeselectedMr.Lichairmanofthecommitteelastweek.

→Mr.Liwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteetheemployeeslastweek.

2.NowhowtoimprovetheirEnglishispaidmoreattentiontobycollegestudents.

→NowcollegestudentspaymoreattentiontohowtoimprovetheirEnglish.

三、非谓语动词变换

1.非谓语动词和定语从句

Thelawcanpunishthosewhoproduceorsellfakecommodities.

→Thelawcanpunishthoseproducingorsellingfakecommodities.

2.非谓语动词和状语从句

1）Studentsmustlearntokeepsafeinpublicplaceswhiletheytakepartinactivities.

→Studentsmustlearntokeepsafeinpublicplaceswhiletakingpartinactivities.

2）Becauseoneofmyparentsislaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.

→Withoneofmyparentsbeinglaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.

3.非谓语动词和状语从句

Itisnotcommonthatweseethatstudentswithhighscoresinschooldisplaypoorconpetencewhendoingpracticaljobs.

→Itisnotcommontoseestudentswithhighscoresinschooldisplaypoorconpetencewhendoingpracticaljobs.

四、松散句和掉尾句

松散句：

Wehavetocommunicatewiththemfromtimetotimeifwedon’twanttobeforgottenbyourfriends.

表达主要信息的主句在前

掉尾句：

Ifwedon’twanttobeforgottenbyourfriends,wehavetocommunicatewiththemfromtimetotime.

表达主要信息的主句在后

优化：

Thatlivingtogetheroffersanexcellentchanceofcooperationisoneincomparableadvantage.Planningapartysingle-handedlymaybeaboringanddifficultjob.Ourroommates’shelpmakesitenjoyableandeasy.Wemaydoanythingperfectly,combiningeverymember’switandtalenttogether.

→Oneincomparableadvantageisthatlivingtogetheroffersanexcellentchanceofcooperation.Planningapartysingle-handedlymaybeaboringanddifficultjob.Ourroommates’shelpmakesitenjoyableandeasy.Combiningeverymember’switandtalenttogether,wemaydoanythingperfectly.

五、强调句和倒装句

1.Themoneyfromparentsandotherfamilymembersmainlysupportsus.

→Itisthemoneyfromparentsandotherfamilymembersthatmainlysupportsus.

2.Thewhiteballomflewhigherandhighertillitvanishedintheclouds.

→Higherandhigherflewthewhiteballomtillitvanishedintheclouds.

六、比较句型

一）表示相似性

1．Justasfoodisnecessarytolife,soarebookstoourspirit.

2.Peoplewhoarefinanciallydependentwillbebulliedbytherichones.Andthesameistruewithcountries.

3.Ifyouarefriendlytoothers,theywillholdhospitableattitudetowardsyouandviceversa.

二）表示差异性

1.Heisnotyurfriend.Itisjusttheotherwayround.Heisyourrival.

2.Hischaracterisdifferentfromhisbrotherinthatheisintrovert（内向）.

学会运用亮点词语

一、用词准确贴切

1.认证辨析同义词

Sotherearisestheproblem/question:

whatshouldwedotogetridofthewrongattitudetowardsthemigrantworkers?

2.恰当使用限定词，以避免观点的绝对化，从而提高说服力和可信度。

May,perhaps,mainly,commonly,mayaswell

Typically,peopleprefertosay“yes”whentheyshouldsay“no”.

3.注意词语的习惯搭配

Thetrafficinmanybigcitiesisgettingmoreandmorecrowded.

Thetrafficinmanybigcitiesisgettingheavierandheavier.

4.避免生造词语

TobeathreegoodstudentisalwaysasymbolofachievementfortheChinesestudents.

Tobeanall-roundstudentisalwaysasymbolofachievementfortheChinesestudents.

二、用词形象生动

1.选用具体明确的词

1）Noonesawthebankbeingbrokeninto.

Noonewitnessedthebankbeingbrokeninto.

2）Piracyhasbecomeaphenomenonthatcanbeseeneverywhere.

Piracyhasbecomeaprevailingphenomenon.

2.利用不同的词类

Thesenovelsarewritteninplainlanguagesothateveryonecanreadwhentheywanttoentertainorrelaxthemselves.

Thesenovelsarewritteninplainlanguagesothateveryonecanreadforentertainmentortelaxation.

3．动态动词的使用

具体动作的动态动词往往比be,therebe,make,need等动词更有活力。

Therearevariousansweresamongdifferentgroupsofpeople.

Answersvaryamongdifferentgroupsofpeople.

三、避免重复和口语化

1.避免重复

写作中应尽量在此时做到言简意赅。

另外，要有意识地使用同义词、同根词、上义词或下义词来取代上文中出现的词汇。

Withthepublicationofthenovel,hebecamefamousasthegreatestwriterlivingthen,andhehasbeenmoreandmorefamousasamajorAmericanauthoreversince.HeisnowalsobecomingmoreandmorefamouswithChinesereaders.

Withthepublicationofthenovel,hebecamefamousasthegreatestwriterlivingthen,andhisreputationasamajorAmericanauthorhasbeenontheincreaseeversince.HeisnowalsobecomingmoreandmorepopularwithChinesereaders.

2.避免口语话

写作时要避免使用口语化的词汇和方言俚语。

Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwilleatit（忍受）onthetest.

Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwillfailonthetest.

四、注意过渡衔接

为了能够使文章主题明确、线索明了、浑然一体，句与句之间需要一定的连接手段，最常见的就是使用过渡性词语。

魔鬼训练：

设计亮点

练习一句子单词练习

1.Nuclearproliferationisalwaysthetopproblemtheparticipantshavetodiscussatthiskindofmeet.（用近义词替换）

2.EatingdumplingsontheEveofLunarNewYearsisanationalhabitinChina.（同上）

3.Thefirstappearancewilldeterminetheapplicant’sfate.（插入moreoftentheannot）

4.Asweallknow,thepopulationofChinaisbecomingmoreandmore.（纠正搭配错误）

5.Thepopularofthebeautyindustryisbecauseofthefollowingreasons.（同上）

6.Womenhavestillnoequalrightsinthesociety.（用更具体的、更具动态的动词替换）

7.Pleasegiveyourhandtothisgirl,helphertopassthemostdifficultperiodinherlife,andtrytomakeherfinancialandmentalburdenlessandless.（用更具动态的动词换）

8.Afterwehaveobservedthemcarefullyandanalyzedthemcritically,wemayiderntifytheconceptionsthatwillactuallycontributetothesocialdevelopment.（其他词性改写）

9.Weshouldtaketheresponsibilityofprotectingourenvironment.（更具动态的动词替换）

10.Itisillegalunderthelawtomanufactureandsellfakecommodities.（避免啰嗦）

参考答案

1.issue（指重要的议题或争论点，二problem指实际存在或需要解决的问题）

2.custom（值较大的社会群体的传统习惯，二habit则指个人或较小群体的习惯）

3.Thefirstappearancemoreoftenthannot（加上限定词后，更加严谨，更具说服力）

4.thepopulation…increasinglylarge（形容人口不用many,而用large）

5.isduetothefollowingreasons（because和reason一般不能够搭配使用）

6.denied/enjoy（enjoy和deny比have更加具体也更具有动态效果，表达更加生动）

7.relieve（比make更具有动态效果，表达更加生动）

8.Throughcarefulobservationandcriticalanalysis（将原来的“动词+副词”结构改成“形容词+抽象名词”结构，摆脱了汉语思维，更加生动地道，更简洁）

9.shoulder（比take要生动形象）

10.illegal（本身就表示“不合法的”）

二、改文训练一

改文训练一

MyPreferredTypeofFriends

1.有的人喜欢与自己完全相同的人做朋友；有的人则喜欢结交志同道合的人做朋友

2.比较交这两类朋友的好处

3.你喜欢交哪类朋友，说明理由。

8分作文

（1）Friendshipisveryimportant.

（2）However,wecan’tmakefriendswitheverybody.（3）Somepeoplelikesamefriends.（4）Somepeoplelikedifferentfriends.

（5）Samefriendsareverybeneficialtous.（6）Theyhavemanysameinterests,hobbiesandexperienceswithus.（7）Andtheyhavesamefeelingswithus.（8）Thesefriendsalsooftenknowhowtokeepuseachother’strust.（9）Andtheyknowthewaytoavoidprobablefriction.

（10）However,differentfriendsalsobringusmanyadvantages.（11）Ifweoftencontactdifferentfriends,itcanmakeyourworldoutlookbroad.（12）Besides,differentfriendscanleadtonewrisk.（13）Differentfriendscanshowyounewroadsinlife.

（14）Iliketomakesamefriends.（15）Foronething,thesamefeaturesbringfriendstogether.（16）Foranother,samefriendshavesamecharacters,hobbiesandsocialbackgroundswithus,sotheycanunderstandusbetter.（17）Ibelievethatifonemakesmorefriendshelikes,hewillgetmorehelpandmorepleasure.

14分作文

（1）（Friendshipisveryimportant.）Friendshipisoneoftheeternalthemesintheliteratureofalllanguages.

（2）However,（wecan’tmake）friendswitheverybody.Itisimpossibleforustomake…（3）Somepeoplelike（same）familiarfriends.（4）Whileothersprefer（Somepeoplelike）differentfriends.

（5）（Samefriendsareverybeneficialtous.）Undoubtedly,itisverybeneficialforustomakesimilarfriends.First,（6）（Theyhavemanysameinterests,hobbiesandexperienceswithus.（7）Andtheyhavesamefeelingswithus.）Theycanshareourfeelingssincetherearemanycommoninterests,hobbiesandevenexperiencesbetweenus.（8）（Thesefriendsalsooftenknowhowtokeepuseachother’strust.）Second,similarfriendsalwaysknowhowtomaintainourmutualtrustand（9）（Andtheyknowthewaytoavoidprobablefriction.）howtoavoidpotentialfrictionbetweenus.

（10）However,differentfriends（also）equallybringusmanyadvantages.（11）（Ifweoftencontactdifferentfriends,itcanmakeyourworldoutlookbroad.）Frequentcontactwithdifferentfriendsbroadensourworldoutlook.（12）Besides,differentfriendscannotonlyleadtonew（risk）advantures.（13）（Differentfriendscanshowyounewroadsinlife.）butalsoshowyounewavenuesinlife.

（14）（Iliketomakesamefriends.）Weighingupthesetwoarguments,Iprefertohavesimilarfrends.（15）Foronething,（thesamefeatures）itisthesimilaritythatbringsfriendstogether.