届中考英语句型转换专题复习4.docx
《届中考英语句型转换专题复习4.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《届中考英语句型转换专题复习4.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
届中考英语句型转换专题复习4
句型转换
解析同义型、条件型句型转换
句型转换是要求学生根据所给的句型,按要求或提示完成考题,考查的是学生对句子结构的构成、变化等方面的知识以及对此类知识的运用能力。
该题型首先给出一个完整的句子,再给出一个含有几个空白处的句子,根据不同的要求填入适当的词完成句型转换。
句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面,在做这种题时,应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化,特殊疑问词的用法,及助动词的用法等。
句型转换考题虽然包括各种句式,但通常以两种形式进行考查:
同义型句型转换和条件型句型转换。
一、同义型句型转换
同义型句型转换即是用另一种方式来表述与原句相同的句意,也称作同义句转换,主要考查学生对句型及词汇的掌握情况。
【真题引导1】
Ipreferwalkingtheretogoingbybus.
Iprefertowalkthere___bybus.
【答案与解析】
该题考查prefer...to...与prefer...ratherthan...这两个句型的转换。
前者后接动词时用V.+ing形式,而后者则接不定式,并且ratherthan后的不定式符号要省略。
答案:
ratherthango。
【真题引导2】
IttookMarytwoweekstopreparefortheexam.
Mary____twoweeks___fortheexam.
【答案与解析】
该题考查的是表示“花费时间做某事”的两个句型的转换,take常用的句型是:
ittakes+时间+todo...;而spend却是:
sb+spend+时间+(in)doing...。
答案:
spent,inpreparing。
【真题引导3】
Ialwaysgetupbeforesixo'clockinmyschooldays.
I__getup______sixo'clockinmyschooldays.
【答案与解析】
根据原句的意思,只有在第二句的两个空白处分别填入never与after,这样才能表达出与第一句相同的含义。
这里要注意always的否定副词是never。
答案:
never,after。
【真题引导4】
Thechildrenaretootiredtowalkfarther.
Theyare_____tired____they____walkfarther.
【答案与解析】
含有too...to的简单句常和so...that引导的复合句互相转换。
但是too...to的本身是否定意义,so...that从句要改为否定。
答案:
so,that,can't。
【真题引导5】
Thegirlleftherhomeafewdaysago,shehasnotcomebackyet.
Thegirlhas____fromherhomeforafewdays.
【答案与解析】
第一句意思为“女孩几天前离开家,她现在还未回来”。
根据句意可知应用现在完成时。
forafewdays表示一段时间,在完成时中只能与延续性动词搭配,而leave是非延续性动词。
答案:
beenaway。
【巩固训练】
1.TheysaythatMr.LiucanspeakGerman.
_____thatMr.LiucanspeakGerman.
2.Canyoushowmethewaytothepostoffice?
Canyoutellme_____gettothepostoffice?
3.Peopleplantmanyyoungtreesonbothsidesofthestreeteachyear.
Manyyoungtreesare____on____sidesofthestreeteachyear.
4.Myparentslefthomethreedaysago.
Theyhavenotcomebackyet.
Myparents____fromhomeforthreedays.
5.Theyknewsomethingaboutitonlyafteryoutoldthem.
Theyknew______aboutit_____youtoldthem.
6.Ifyouplaybasketballhere,youmaybreakthewindows.
_____playbasketballhere,______youmaybreakthewindows.
7.ThisisthemostenjoyablejourneythatIhaveeverheardof.
Ihave______heardof______anenjoyablejourneybefore.
8.Hotdogsarenotsodeliciousassandwiches.
Hotdogsare______delicious___sandwiches.
9.Herfatherboughtthecarthreemonthsago.
Herfather______thecarforthreemonths.
10.It'sgoodforyourhealthtotakeexerciseoften.
____exerciseoftencanmakeyou______.
11.Allthebookscostme365yuan.
I______365yuan______allthebooks.
12.Thedoctorputdownthetelephone,lefthishomeatonceandhurriedtoJim'shome.
Afterthedoctor______thephonecall,helefthishomeatonceandwenttoJim'shomeas_____.
13.Attheendofthemeetinghisbagwaslost.
He______hisbagwhenthemeeting______.
14.IlikeBackstreetBoys.ButhelikesF4better.
He______F4______BackstreetBoys.
15.Tomspenttwohoursinmendingthebike.
It_____twohours______thebike.
16.Hehardlydoeswronginhishomework.
Hehardly______any______inhishomework.
17.Iwilltellyoumytelephonenumberafteryoutellmeyours.
Pleasetellmeyourtelephonenumber,____I____tellyou,____.
18.TheIndianoldladynolongerlivedthere.
TheIndianoldlady______livethere_____.
19.Janegottoschoolearlierthananyotherstudents.
Janegottoschool______allthestudents.
20.Mysisterprefersreadingtogoingshopping.
Mysisterlikes______thangoingshopping.
Keys:
1.It'ssaid2.how,to3.planted,both4.havebeenaway5.nothing,before6.Don't,or7.never,such8.less,than9.hashad10.Taking,healthy11.spent,on12.received,soonaspossible
13.couldn'tfind,wasover14.prefers,to15.tookTom,tomend16.makes,mistakes17.or,willnot,either18.didn't,anymore.19.earliestof20.readingbetter
二、条件型句型转换
条件型句型转换即是要求根据句子后给出的具体要求变换句型。
具体考查内容为:
1.单数句、复数句之间的转换;
2.肯定句、否定句、疑问句之间的转换;
3.简单句、并列句、复合句之间的转换;
4.陈述句、感叹句、祈使句之间的转换;
5.主动语态、被动语态之间的转换。
【真题引导1】改为单数句
Therearesomeoldsheeponthefarm.
Thereis______old______onthefarm.
【答案与解析】
sheep的单、复数形式一样,old是元音开头的词,故冠词不能用a。
单数句与复数句转换时,名词、代词要一一对应互换。
注意名词变复数的规律,同时注意主谓的一致性。
答案:
an,sheep。
【真题引导2】改为一般疑问句
Hesetthealarmclockforseven.
______he______thealarmclockforseven?
【答案与解析】
一般疑问句及否定句的构成:
(1)当谓语动词是be动词、助动词或情态动词时,将其直接移到句首便可构成一般疑问句,或在其后直接加not构成否定句;
(2)当谓语动词是行为动词时,则加助动词do来完成一般疑问句,第三人称单数用does,一般过去时用did,加助动词后应注意其后谓语动词要用原形,这一点要切记。
答案:
Did,set。
【真题引导3】改为否定句
BothoftheplayersareverypopularinEngland.
_____oftheplayers______verypopularinEngland.
【答案与解析】
Both“两者都”为全肯定。
其反义词neither“两者都不”为全否定。
either“两者之一”是部分否定。
另外either和neither作主语,谓语动词应用单数。
答案:
Neither,is。
【真题引导4】改为反意疑问句
SuespeakslittleFrench.
SuespeakslittleFrench,_____?
【答案与解析】
反意疑问句应遵循的原则是:
前半部分肯定,后半部分否定;前半部分否定,则后半部分肯定。
前半部分中有no,little,few,never,hardly,seldom等否定词时,后半部分则用肯定。
答案:
doesshe。
【真题引导5】对画线部分提问
Thebankneartheshopisverybig.
___________________________
【答案与解析】
就画线部分提问实际上是将句子改为特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句中的疑问词是根据画线部分来确定的。
特殊疑问句的构成:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。
该题中neartheshop在句中作thebank的定语,故疑问词应用which。
答案:
Whichbankisverybig?
【真题引导6】改为感叹句
It'srainingveryheavily.
______itisraining!
【答案与解析】
本句感叹的是副词heavily,所以要用how,原句中的very应去掉,还应注意句子开头的首字母要大写。
答案:
Howheavily。
【真题引导7】改为被动语态
Theyhavepaintedtheirnewhouse.
Theirnewhouse______bythem.
【答案与解析】
原句是现在完成时态,被动结构要用havebeendone。
在主动变被动时,特别要注意被动语态句中主语的人称、数的变化,这句被动句的主语是第三人称单数,要用has。
答案:
hasbeenpainted。
巩固练习
◆严建英
Ⅰ.单、复数相互转换
1.Thewomanisanurse.(改为复数句)
Theyareall______.
2.Therearesomeoldcarsbehindthehouse.(改为单数句)
There______old______behindthehouse.
3.Hehasanewbook.(改为复数句)
______new______.
4.AretheseyourEnglish-Chinesedictionaries?
(改为单数句)
______yourEnglish-Chinese______?
5.Isthereasheepinyouruncle'sfarm?
(改为复数句)
_____there______inyouruncle'sfarm?
Ⅱ.肯定句与疑问句相互转换
1.Mr.Hutaughthermathslastyear.(改为一般疑问句)
_____Mr.Hu______hermathslastyear?
2.TheforeignvisitorcomesfromRussia.(用Australia完成选择疑问句)
____theforeignvisitorcomefromRussia____?
3.Tomhaslunchatschooleveryday.(改为一般疑问句)
____Tom______lunchatschooleveryday?
4.Thatdictionarycosthimtwentyyuan.(改为一般疑问句)
____thatdictionary______himtwentyyuan?
5.Don'tyouthinkherradioistooloud?
(作肯定回答)
___,I______.
Ⅲ.完成反意疑问句
1.You'veneverbeenoutofChinabefore,_____?
2.Youcameheretogether,______?
3.There'remorethantenpandasonthehill,____?
4.Petercouldhardlyseethewordsontheblackboard,____?
5.Don'tlookoutofthewindow,______?
6.Idon'tthinkyoucananswerthisquestion,_____?
7.Let'saskourteacherforhelp,_____?
8.Everythinggoeswell,_____?
9.Sheisn'tthebestoneintheclass,______?
10.Youlikelisteningtosoftmusic,______?
Ⅳ.肯定句与否定句相互转换
1.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改为否定句)
He______finishedhishomework______.
2.Bothofhisparentswerepleasedwiththeresult.(改为完全否定句)
_____pleasedwiththeresult.
3.Don'tlethimgoboatingtoday!
(改为肯定句)
_____goboatingtoday.
4.You'dbettertakeittoyouroffice.(改为否定句)
You'dbetter_____ittoyouroffice.
5.Thechildrenweren'tplayingontheplayground.(改为肯定句)
Thechildren______ontheplayground.
6.Allofuswanthimtorest.(改为完全否定句)
_____ofus______himtorest.
7.MarydoesherhomeworkonSundays.(改为否定句)
Mary______herhomeworkonSundays.
8.Meimeihastolookafterherlittlebrotheratweekends.(改为否定句)
Meimei______tolookafterherlittlebrotheratweekends.
9.Ithinkyouareright.(改为否定句)
I______thinkyou______right.
10.Sheisn'tgoingtowashanythingonSunday.(改为肯定句)
She______goingtowash______onSunday.
Ⅴ.简单句、并列句、复合句相互转换
1.Thewaterwassodirtythatwecouldn'tdrinkit.(改为简单句)
Thewaterwas______dirtyforus______drink.
2.Doestheshopcloseatsixeveryday?
Doyouknow?
(两句合并为一句)
Doyouknow___theshop____atsixeveryday?
3.Thequestionisn'teasyenoughforthemtoanswer.(改为复合句)
Thequestionis______thatthey___.
4.Ireallydon'tknowwhichbookIshouldchoose.(改为简单句)
Ireallydon'tknow_____.
5.Idon'tknowwhenweshallmeetagain.(改为简单句)
Idon'tknowwhen______again.
6.Themanisverystrongandhecancarrytheheavybag.(改为简单句)
Themanis_______tocarrytheheavybag.
7."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?
"heaskedme.(改为复合句)
Heaskedme______thegirl______somehelp.
8.Idon'tknowwhattodonext.(改为复合句)
Idon'tknowwhat______next.
9.Georgehastwocabbages.Maryhasonlyone.(用比较级改写句子)
Georgehas______cabbages______Mary.
10.Wewon'thaveanylessonstomorrowbecausewe'llhavethesportsmeeting.(改为简单句)
Wewon'thaveanylessonstomorrow_____thesportsmeeting.
Ⅵ.陈述句与感叹句相互转换
A.改为感叹句
1.Thefilmisveryinteresting.
________thefilmis!
2.Englishisveryuseful.
_____usefulsubjectEnglishis!
3.Theseflowersaresobeautiful.
______theseflowersare!
4.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.
______thechildrenaresinginganddancing!
5.Theyarerunningfast.
______theyarerunning!
6.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.
(1)______lovelygirlhersisteris!
(2)_____h