美国文学教案1复习资料.docx

美国文学教案1复习资料.docx

《美国文学教案1复习资料.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《美国文学教案1复习资料.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

美国文学教案1复习资料

ColonialPeriod

I.HistoricalBackground:

ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedatJamestown,Virginiain1607.Thefirstsettlersadvocatedhighlyreligiousandmoralprinciples.TheycarriedwiththemtoAmericaacodeofvaluesandaphilosophyoflife-----Puritanism.

II.Thought,Culture:

AmericanPuritanismwasoneofthemostenduringinfluencesonAmericanthoughtandAmericanliterature.Tosomeextent,ithasbecomeastateofmind.PuritanismisthereligiousbeliefsofPuritans.Theyintendedto“purify”theChurchofEngland,sotheycametoAmericaforthesakeofreligiousfreedom,andtheywishedtoescapereligiouspersecution.Theirwayoflifewasbasedonthedoctrines.PuritanvaluesdominatedliteratureincolonialAmerica,andgreatlyinfluencedthewholeAmericanliterature.

III.Literature:

Americanliteraturegrewoutofhumbleorigins.Theymostlyhadcloserelationshipwithreligion.ThereweresuchnotedPuritanwhowassaidthefirstAmericanwriter,becausehefirstdescribedNewEnglandasapromisingvirginland.HiswritingsaboutNorthAmericabecamethesourceofinformation,whicharousedtheattentionofmanypeopleinEnglandandEurope,anddrewthemovertothisNewWorld.

AnneBradstreet.TheTenthMuseLatelySprungUpinAmerica

EdwardTaylor.ThesetwofigureswerethefaithfuldiscipleoftheGod.

RevolutionaryPeriod

I.HistoricalBackground:

Fromthemiddleofthe18thcenturytothebeginningofthe19thcentury,NorthAmericahadexperiencedgreatturbulenceandsocialchange.Themixtureandalternationbetweentheoldandnew,wasthecharacteristicofthisperiod.TheideasoftheEnlightenmentdealtaheavyblowtoPuritanism.

II.LiteraryFigures:

1.BenjaminFranklin.

Hisideaswereexpressedthroughhistwofamousliteraryworks,PoorRichard’sAlmanacandAutobiography.

（1）PoorRichard’sAlmanac----anannualcollectionofproverbs.

（2）Autobiography----itisahow-to-do-goodbook,andsetsautobiographyasaliterarygenreinAmericanliterature.

Style:

2.ThomasPaine.

amostimportantrevolutionaryactivistandpoliticalwriterduringthewarofIndependence.CommonSenseTheAmericanCrisisTheRightsofMan

3.ThomasJefferson.

themaindrafterof“TheDeclarationofIndependence.”

thethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates.

P.37

4.PhilipFreneau.

thefirstimportantAmericanpoet,called“FatherofAmericanpoetry.”atransitionalfigurefromtheEnlightenmenttotheRomanticperiod.

Hispoemsarefeaturedwithlyricbeauty+heartfeltpathos

P.45TheWildHoneySuckle

P.46TheIndianBuryingGround

Lecture2

Teachingaim:

tohaveanunderstandingofthehistoricalbackgroundofromanticperiodanditsinfluenceonliterature;tocomprehendtheessenceofromanticism.

Teachingprocedure:

1.Review;2.historicalbackground;3.stagesofthedevelopmentofliterature;4.majorwritersandtheirrepresentativeworks.

RomanticismPeriod

WearenowdealingwithoneofthemostimportantperiodsinthehistoryofAmericanliterature,theRomanticPeriod,whichstretchesfromtheendofthe18thcenturythroughtheoutbreakoftheCivilWar（1861）.

I.StimulatingFactors:

ThisperiodsawarisingAmericawhichdeclareditspolitical,economicandculturalindependence.Suchasceneofprosperitycriedforliteraryexpression.TheotherincentivewastheinfluenceofEurope.

II.Features:

Althoughforeigninfluenceswerestrong,AmericanRomanticismpresenteddistinctfeaturesofitsown.

monfeatures，P55

2.“newness.”Itexpresses“arealnewexperience.”

3.form,P.57.

4.content,P.58.a.natureb.psychicstates

WashingtonIrving（1783-1859）

“thefatherofAmericanliterature.”

I.TheSketchBook:

Itisthefirstcollectionofshortstories.ItalsomarkedthebeginningofAmericanRomanticism.

IntheseriesoftalesinTheSketchBook,themostfamousandfrequentlyanthologizedareRipVanWinkleandTheLegendofSleepyHollow.

RipVanWinkle

TheLegendofSleepyHollow

Thepurposeofthisstoryisforfunandpleasure,withalightsatiricalnotiononpedantrismasrepresentedbytheprotagonist----Crane.

II.Conclusion:

Content:

Irving’sstoriescarryastrongromanticsensibility,withaspecialinterestinremoteness,theGothicandsupernaturalelements.

Style:

humorous,familiarandgraceful.

JamesFenimoreCooper（1789-1851）

●thefirstfrontiernovelist.thefirstwriterofseaadventures.

CoopercreatedamythabouttheformativeperiodoftheAmericannation.TheworkthatestablishedhisfameinAmericanliteraturewasLeatherstockingTales.ItofferssomefictionalversionoftheAmericannationalexperienceofadventureintotheWest.TheimportanceofthefrontierandthewildernessinAmericanliteraturewasforthefirsttimewellillustratedinLeatherstockingTales.

Americanromanticismculminatedar