高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题24.docx

高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题24.docx

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高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题24

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（24）及答案

（2012·四川眉山一诊）

Cheatingisnothingnew.Buttoday,educatorsandadministratorsarefindingthatinstancesofacademicdishonestyonthepartofstudentshavebecomemorefrequentandarelesslikelytobepunishedthaninthepast.Cheatingappearstohavegainedacceptanceamonggoodandpoorstudentsalike.

Whyisstudentcheatingontherise?

Noonereallyknows.Someblamethetrendonagenerallooseningofmoralvaluesamongtoday'syouth.Othershaveattributedincreasedcheatingtothefactthattoday'syoutharefarmorepragmatic（实用主义的）thantheirmoreidealisticpredecessors（前辈）．Whileinthelatesixtiesandearlyseventies,studentswerefilledwithvisionsaboutchangingtheworld,today'sstudentsfeelgreatpressuretoconform（随大流）andsucceed.Ininterviewswithstudentsathighschoolsandcollegesaroundthecountry,bothyoungmenandwomensaidthatcheatinghadbecomeeasy.Somesuggestedtheydiditoutofspiteforteacherstheydidnotrespect;otherslookedatitasagame.Onlyiftheywerecaught,somesaid,wouldtheyfeelguilty.“Peoplearecompetitive.”saidasecondyearcollegestudentnamedAnna,fromChicago.There'sanunderlyingfear.Ifyoudon'tdowell,yourlifeisgoingtoberuined.Thepressureisnotonlyfromparentsandfriendsbutfromyourself.Toachieve.Tosucceed.It'salmostasthoughwehavetooutdootherpeopletoachieveourowngoals.

EdwardWynne,editorofamagazineblamestheriseinacademicdishonestyontheschools.Heclaimsthatadministratorsandteachershavebeentoohesitanttotakeaction.DwightHuber,chairmanoftheEnglishdepartmentatAmarilloseesthematterdifferently,blamingtheriseincheatingonthewaystudentsareevaluated.“IwouldcheatifIfeltIwasbeingcheated，”Mr.Hubersaid.Hefeelsthataslongasteachersgiveshortanswertestsratherthanessayquestionsandratestudentsbythenumberoffactstheycanmemorizeratherthanbyhowwelltheycancombineinformation,studentswilltrytobeatthe_system.“Theconceptofcheatingisbasedonthefalseassumptionthatthesystemisreasonableandthereissomethingwrongwiththeindividualwho'sdoingit，”hesaid,“That'stooeasyananswer.We'vegottostartlookingatthesystem.”

文章大意：

本文对越来越多的学生作弊现象进行了剖析。

有些人将之归咎于现代青年人道德价值观普遍松弛。

另一些人则将之归咎于现在的学生比过去的学生更为实际。

还有些人认为这种上升趋势应归咎于校方评估学生的方式。

63．Educatorsarefindingthatstudentswhocheat________.

A.aremorelikelytobepunishedthanbefore

B.havepooreracademicrecordsthanbefore

C.canbeacademicallyweakorstrong

D.usetheinformationinlateryears

答案：

C　细节理解题。

文章第一段最后一句话提到，学生不论成绩优劣，似乎都认可作弊行为，因此选C“成绩优或者劣的学生”符合原文意思。

64．Accordingtothepassage,youthcheatbecauseof________.

A.theeagernesstosucceed

B.theeasinesstocheat

C.thefearofcompetition

D.theimpossibilitytobepunished

答案：

A　推理判断题。

文中提到了多种学生方面的作弊原因。

只有A的表达与原文相符，可以回答题干的问题。

B是文中提到的内容，但不是原因。

学生们恐惧的是失败，不是竞争，不选C。

作弊受惩罚可能性小了但不是没有，所以不选D。

65．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesystem”referto?

A.Theeducationsystem.

B.Theschoolsystem.

C.Thesystembywhichschoolspunishcheating.

D.Thesystembywhichstudentsareevaluated.

答案：

D　语义理解题。

原文说Huber将作弊现象的原因归咎于评估学生的方式，后面引用他的话说明他的观点，学生们如果觉得考题和评分标准不理想，他们就会设法击败该制度。

考题和评分标准正是学生评估体系的内容。

66．WhichofthefollowingswouldDwightHuberprobablyagreewith?

A.Theeducationalsystemissoundandstudentsmustfolloweveryrule.

B.parentsalonemusttakeresponsibilityfortheriseinstudentcheating.

C.Thereshouldbesomechangesintheevaluationsystem.

D.Studentswhocheatshouldbeexpelledfromschool.

答案：

C　推理判断题。

第三段中将作弊现象增加的原因归咎于评估学生的方式，最后说应该对这个体系加以审视。

可以推测C正确。

Idon'teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeopleaskedconstantlyforstoriesaboutwhatit'sliketoworkinafielddominatedbymen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheoriginoftheuniverse,theshapeofspace-timeandthenatureofblackholes.

At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics（天体物理学）,itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenas3post-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedthroughthelensofgender（性别）politics.Soweremyfailures.Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversus（相对于）rightbrain,ornatureversusnurture（培育）,Iwouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.

Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldeventuallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations:

Idon'ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn'twanttodealwithgenderissues.Whyshouldcuringsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?

Afterall,Idon'tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.

TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen'scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer:

45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon'tdismissthoseconcerns.Still,Idon'ttellthem"war"stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:

thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat'sasightworthtalkingabout.

9.FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldattribute（归因于）theauthor'sfailuresto_____.

A.theveryfactthatsheisawoman

B.herinvolvementingenderpolitics

C.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicist

D.theburdenshebearsinamale-dominatedsociety

10.WhatdidtheauthorconstantlyfightagainstwhiledoingherPh.D.andpost-doctoralresearch?

A.Lackofconfidenceinsucceedinginspacescience.

B.Unfairaccusationsfrombothinsideandoutsidehercircle.

C.People'sstereotypedattitudetowardsfemalescientists.

D.Widespreadmisconceptionsaboutnatureandnurture

11.Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?

A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetoworryaboutgenderissues.

B.Herstudents'performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.

C.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents.

D.Morefemalestudentsarepursuingsciencethanbefore.

12.Whatdoestheimagetheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?

A.Womenstudentsneedn'thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.

B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.

C.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.

D.Womennowhavefewerdiscriminationproblemsaboutsciencecareer.

（C篇）ACDC

********************************************************结束

ThefirstfieldseasonisnowoveratthehutvillageoftheworkmenwhobuiltthetombsintheValleyoftheKings.However，thearchaeologistsworkingontheexcavation（挖掘）havefoundthattheystillhaveagreatdealtodo.Thesun,thewindandtouristshavelefttheirmarkonthevillage,originallydiscoveredbyBernardBruyhrein1935．

“Fromourmodernperspective，itisupsettingtoseehowthevillagewasfirstexcavatedandthenlefttobedestroyed.Passers-byhaveusedthehutsasrubbishdumpsandrestrooms,”saysJaanaToivari—Viitala,ateacherattheUniversityofHelsinki.“Fortunately,whilewestillhavesomesurfacecleaningtodo,conservationareofftoagoodstart.”

ThehutvillageoffersrareinsightintoeverydaylifeinancientEgypt.

“Intheearlytwentiethcentury，archaeologistswereonlyinterestedinthetombsofkings.Theworkmen’shutstheydiscoveredwereseenasanecessaryevilinthequestfortherealtreasures.”

“NowseveralinternationalresearchgroupsondifferentexcavationsareexaminingeverydaylifeandworkintheValleyoftheKings.Thisseemstobeatrendinarchaeologyrightnow.”Toivari-Viitalasays．

Herresearchgroupwantstofindoutwhythehutvillagewasbuiltontheslopeofamountain，halfwaybetweentheconstructionsiteandDeir-el-Medina.Theyarealsointerestedinhowmanyworkerslivedinthevillageatatime,whentheylivedthere,andwhattheirrolewasintheconstructionwork.

“ComparingthenamesfoundinthevillageandinDeir-el-Medinaprovidesusefulinformation．Judgingfromtheconstructionmethods，settlementinthevillagecanbedividedintotwoseparateperiods:

theinitialsettlementandalaterone.”

Forthetimebeing，muchisuptoguessing,butToivari-Viitalabelievesthatthecomingfourfieldseasons,threemonthseach,willseeresults.

“TheworkingconditionsarenotnearlyasdifficultasIthoughttheywouldbe.Thecoolwindsinthemountainsnicelyalleviatetheheat.”

Theresearchgroupworkingonthe“Workmen’shutsintheThebanmountains”projectisplanningtoreturntotheValleyoftheKingsinOctober.

13.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

________

A.ThehutvillageintheValleyoftheKings.

B.TheexcavationofthetombsintheValley.

C.Thearchaeologistsworkingontheexcavation.

D.EverydaylifeandworkintheValleyoftheKings.

14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthehutvillageaccordingtothepassage?

_______

A.Ithasbeendamagedalot.

B.ItcantellussomethingaboutancientEgypt.

C.Ithasattractedarchaeologists’attention.

D.Ithasalotofrealtreasuressomewhereinit.

15.What’sthenewtrendinarchaeologyrightnowaccordingtoToivari-Viitala?

A.Beinginterestedinthetombsofkings．

B.ExaminingeverydaylifeandworkintheValleyoftheKings.

C.Usingthehutsasrubbishdumpsandrestrooms．

D.Guessingwhattheresul