高中英语 阅读理解社会类04.docx

高中英语 阅读理解社会类04.docx

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高中英语阅读理解社会类04

阅读理解（社会类）

PassageOne

Amongthefirsttosuggestthatclocksbemovedaheadtoextend（延长）daylighthoursduringthespringandsummerwasBenjaminFranklin.However,itwasnotuntilMarch31,1918,morethanacenturyafterFranklin’sdeath,thatCongressadoptedthepractice—duringWorldWarI,inordertosaveelectricity.DuringWorldWarI,daylightsavingwasalsoadopted（采取）inEngland,Germany,France,andmanyothercountries.

1.Daylightsavingmeans_______.

A.tomaketheclocksfasterB.tomaketheclocksslower

C.toextenddaylighthoursD.toshortendayhours

2.Thefirsttosuggestthatclocksbemovedaheadtoextenddaylighthourswas_______.

A.BenjaminFranklinB.CongressoftheUnitedStates

C.NooneD.Newton

3.Whendidtheyputthisintopractice?

A.WorldWarII.B.WorldWarI.

C.Morethanacenturyago.D.About50yearsago.

4.Congressadoptedthepractice,inorder_______.

A.tosavewaterB.tosaveelectricityC.tosavemoneyD.tosavetime

5.Daylightsavingwasalsoadopted_______.

A.inEnglandandFrance.B.inGermanyandmanyothercountries.

C.BothAandBD.allthecountries

PassageTwo

Fiftyyearsagonotmanypeoplewouldhavesomethingrepairedintheirhomes.Inthosedayslaborwasfairlycheapandmostpeoplewouldhavethoughtitworthwhiletohavesomebodyrepairtheirthingsunlesstheywereverypoor.Today,however,itisquiteadifferentstory.Menandwomeninallwalksoflifeturntheirhandstoallkindsofjobsroundthehouse.Somepeoplehaveevensuccessfullybuilttheirownhouses.Thesejobshavebeenmadeeasiertodaybyusingpreparedmaterials.

IneveryhighstreetthroughoutBritainnowadaysthereisatleastone“DIY”shop.And“Do-it-yourself”isaboomingbusiness.Alotofpeoplevisitedtheseshopseverydaybecauseofthehighcostofpresent-daylabor.

1.Fiftyyearsagoifpeopleneededsomerepair,theywould_______.

A.trytomendthembythemselvesB.hasthemrepairedbyothers

C.repairthemintheirhomesD.havesomebodyrepairthemunlesstheywerepoor

2.Manyjobshavebeenmadeeasiertodaybecause_______.

A.somepeoplehavesuccessfullybuilttheirownhouses

B.menandwomenturntheirhandstoallkindsofjobs

C.theycanbedonebyusingpreparedmaterials

D.alotofpeopleisveryhardupformoney

3.Fromthepassageweknowthat_______.

A.therearemany“DIY”shopsinBritain

B.noteveryhighstreetinBritainhasone“DIY”shop

C.peoplecandonothingwithoutusingpreparedmaterials

D.“Do-it-yourself”isalazybusinessincities

4.Whydidalotofpeoplevisit“DIY”shopseveryday?

A.Becausepeoplewereusedtodoingthingsathome.

B.Becausethepresent-daylaborwasnolongercheap.

C.Becausetheywereinterestedinsuchkindofshops.

D.Becausetheyenjoyedthehighcostofpresent-daylabor.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.HighStreetsinBritainB.DIYC.Present-dayLaborD.AStrangeBusiness

PassageThree

SportisverypopularinEngland.InotherwordslotsofEnglishpeopleliketheideaofsport.AlotwatchsportonTV.Butthenumberwhotakepartinsportisquitesmall.OnthewholeEnglishpeopleprefertobefatratherthanthin.

ThemostpopularsportinEnglandisfootball.FootballisplayedonSaturdayafternooninmosttownsandthesupportersofacertainteamwilltravelfromoneendofthecountrytotheothertoseetheirteamplay.Therearefourdivisions（级别）ofthefootballleague.Notsurprisinglythebestteamsareinthefirstdivision.Butthebestsupportersareofteninthefourthdivision.Youhavetobeagoodsupportertowatchthefourthdivisionfootball!

ManyothersportsarealsoplayedinEngland,suchasgolf,inwhichyoutrytoknockaballintoahole;basketball,inwhichyoutrytogetaballthroughanet;tennis,inwhichyoutrytohitaballsothatyouropponent（对手）cannothitit.Asyousee,iftheballhadnotbeeninvented,therewouldhavebeennosport.

Actually,thatisnotquitetrue.Athletics（田径）isn’tplayedwithaball;norhorseracing.Perhapsthatiswhytheyarenotaspopularasfootball!

1._______isthemostpopularsportinEngland.

A.BasketballB.FootballC.GolfD.Tennis

2.Youhavetobeagoodsupportertowatch_______divisionfootball.

A.thefirstB.thesecondC.thethirdD.thefourth

3.WhydomanyEnglishpeoplenottakepartinsport?

A.Theyaretoobusy.B.TheylikewatchingsportonTV.

C.Theywouldliketobefat.D.Theypreferstobethin.

4.WhyareEnglishpeopleinterestedinsport?

A.Theyhavetheirfootballteam.B.ThesportgamesareplayedonSaturdayafternoon.

C.Theyliketheideaofsport.D.Theylikethefamousplayers.

PassageFour

Therehavebeengreatchangesinthelivesofwomen.Duringthetwentiethcenturytherewasanunusualshorteningofthetimeofawoman’slifespentincaringforchildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthe19thcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwenties,andwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,chanceandhealthmadeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman’syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliances（家用电器）andconveniencefoods.

Thisimportantchangeinwomen’swayoflifehasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunityandmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwards,returntofullorpart-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withbothhusbandandwifeacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoneyandrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestofeachthem.

1.Accordingtothepassage,aroundtheyear1990mostwomenmarried________.

A.atabouttwenty-fiveB.intheirearlyfifties

C.assoonaspossibleaftertheywerefifteenD.atanyagefromfifteentoforty-five

2.Wearetoldthatinanaveragefamilyabout1990_______.

A.manychildrendiedbeforetheywerefiveB.theyoungestchildwouldbefifteen

C.sevenofeightchildrenlivedtobemorethanfive

D.fouroffivechildrendiedwhentheywerefive.

3.Whenshewasoverfifty,thelate19thcenturymother_______.

A.wouldexpecttoworkuntilshedied

B.wasusuallyexpectedtotakeuppaidemployment

C.wouldbehealthyenoughtotakeuppaidemployment

D.wasunlikelytofindajoblikethemothernowadays

4.Manygirls,thepassagesays,arenowlikelyto_______.

A.marrysothattheycangetajob

B.leaveschoolassoonastheycan

C.giveuptheirjobsforgoodaftertheyaremarried

D.continueworkinguntiltheyaregoingtohaveababy

5.Accordingtothepassage,itisnowquiteusualforwomento_______.

A.stayathomeafterleavingschoolB.marrymenyoungerthanthemselves

C.startworkingagainlaterinlifeD.marrywhilestillatschool

PassageFive

TheWorldTradeOrganization（WTO）,foundedonJanuary1,1995,aimstoencourageinternationaltradetoflowasfreelyaspossible,makingsurethattradeagreementsarerespectedandthatanydisputes（争端）canbesettled.

Inthefiveyearssinceitsfounding,theWTOhasbecomewell-knownasoneoftheworld’smostpowerfuleconomicorganizations,takingitsplacealongsidetheWorldBankandInternationalMonetaryFund.

Thesystemofglobalrulesforinternationaltrade,however,datesbackhalfacenturyto1948whentheGeneralAgreementonTariffs（关税）andTrade（GATT）wasformedafterWorldWarⅡ.

Astimewentby,itbecameclearthattheGATThadtwomajordrawbacks—thelimitedareasoftradeitcovered,andthelackofaneffectivesystemtosettledisputes.

Aftersevenyearsoftradetalksendingin1994,theso-calledUruguayRoundfinallygavebirthtotheWTO,completewithaneffectivesystemtosettledisputes,andnewrolescoveringtradeinservicesandintellectualproperty（知识产权）.

Evenaftersevenyearsoftalksand22,500pagesofagreementstherewerestillproblems,especiallythedifficult-to-dealwithareasofagricultureandservices,whichthemembernationsagreedtorevisein2000.

TheWTO,withitsheadofficeinGeneva,has135memberswith30morewaitingtojoin.

1.FromthepassageweknowthattheGATTstoppedworking_______.

A.soonafterWorldWarⅡendedB.alittlemorethan50yearsafterworldWarⅡ

C.Justintheyear1994D.sevenyearsbeforetheUruguayRoundtalk

2.ComparedwiththeGATT,theWTO_______.

A.doesn’tpayenoughattentiontoservicesandintellectualproperty

B.getsitsmemberstosigntheagreementsmoreeasily

C.hasgottoomanyareasofinternationaltradetodealwithtoworkeffectively

D.candobettertosettledisputesinmoreareasofinternationaltrade

3.Inthenewcentury,theWTOwill_______.

A.taketheplaceoftheWorldBankandInternationalMonetaryFund

B.havemoreme