高考英语阅读理解抓分训练65及答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解抓分训练65及答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解抓分训练65及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（65）及答案

阅读理解

TheArcticisoneofthefewplacesintheworlduntouchedbypollutionwhereyoucanuseitsbeautifulnature.JoinourshiptheNorthernStarfrom2to18July,fora17-dayvoyagetotheArctic.Duringthevoyageyouareabletorelaxyourself.Therearenopartiesorfilm-showstoattend,quizzestoenter,orentertainerstowatch.However,wedohavespecialistsonboardwhoarewillingtoansweranyofyourquestionsabouttheArctic.

AftersettingofffromScotland,wegonorthalongthecoastofNorwaytoBearIsland.Alongthewayyou’llseethousandsofseabirdsandwonderfulscenery,withriversoficeandhugecliffs.YouwillhavethechancetoseepolarbearsandotherArcticanimals.Althoughwehaveatimetable,experiencehasshownthatwemayhavetochangeourdirectionalittle,dependingontheweather.

TheNorthernStarisaveryspecialshipandourpastvoyageshavebeenverypopular.Ourcabinsallhavethesameexcellentfacilities.Ourchefsarehappytoprepareanyfoodforpeopleonspecialdiets.Ifyouneedsomeexercise,whynotdosomeswimmingintheindoorpool?

Pricesincludeeconomyclassairtraveland16nightsontheNorthernStar,allmealsandalllectures.

Day1:

BoardtheNorthernStar.

Day2-7:

WesailslowlynorthalongthecoastofNorway,stoppingatplacesofinterest.

Day8:

Tromse.YouneedtogetupatsunrisetoseethewhalesaswesailtowardsTromse.VisitTromsetoseetheArticMuseumandthebeautifuloldwoodenhouses.IntheeveningwesailawayalongthewestcoasttoBirdIsland,whichisexcellentforbird-watching.

Day9-10:

BearIsland.Wearrivethereintheearlyevening.BearIslandoncehadanactivefishingindustry,buttodaylittleofthisremains.

Day11-16:

Spitsbergen—aplaceofmountainsandriversofice.Itishometoalargevarietyofanimals.

Day17:

LeavetheshipinSpitsbergenandflytoLondonfromTromse.

17.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Manydifferentactivitiesareorganizedonboard]

B.ThevoyagestartsfromScotland.

C.Theshipfollowsafixedroute.

D.Therearedifferenttypesofaccommodations.

18.Wherecanyouseedifferentkindsofanimals?

A.TromseB.BearIslandC.BirdIslandD.Spitsbergen

19.BearIslandusedtobe___________.

A.abusyfishingcenterB.aplaceofinterest

C.ashoppingcenterD.aplaceforbird-watching

20.What’sthewriter’saimofwritingthepassage?

A.IntroducingtheArtic.B.Arrangingatrip.

C.Describingtheship.D.AdvertisingatriptotheArctic.

参考答案17—20、BDAD

（201*·全国卷，A）

Since1984，Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.Onebyone，graffiticoveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.Sofar，morethan1,800murals（壁画）havebeenpainted.PhiladelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyotherAmericancity.

Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti（涂鸦）arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArtsProgram（MAP）.Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive,anditscitizensveryproud.TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAntiGraffitiNetwork.JaneGoldenistheMAP'sartisticdirector.“Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramisabout,”shesays，“Ianswerthemwithoneword:

hope.”Eachyear,theMAPoffersyouthartprogramsandworkshops.SomeonetimegraffitiwritersevenhelppaintMAPmurals.

TheMAP'swork,saysGolden,isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity（社区）.Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural，theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.Somemessageshavebeen“SafeStreets，”“LoveandCare,”and“PeaceWalk.”

TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.Lastyear，theworkerspainted140murals.

“Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary，pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistory，”saysGolden，whobeganasamuralistinLosAngeles.

本文论述了费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式——壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。

1.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Love，fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralists

B.MAP,aNewCompanyinPhiladelphia

C.Jane，anExcellentMuralArtist

D.Hope，OneWallataTime

答案：

D。

主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式——壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。

2.WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedat?

A.Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.B.Protectingtheneighborhood.

C.Fightingagainstgraffiti.D.Attractingmorevisitors.

答案：

C。

细节理解题。

由第二段的“theprogrambeganaspartofphiladelphia'sAntiGraffitiNetwork.”可知C项正确。

3.HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamural?

A.Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.

B.Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.

C.Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.

D.Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.

答案：

A。

细节理解题。

由第三段第二句可知答案为A项。

4．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAP?

A.Difficult.B.Dangerous.

C.Experimental.D.Successful.

答案：

D。

推理判断题。

由文章第四段可知theMAP每周会收到很多的邀请，每年会画很多的壁画，故可推出工作很成功，答案为D项。

B

（2011·湖北卷，B）

Howlingisabehaviourcommonlyobservedamongawolfpack.Aspackanimals，wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingasanimportantmeansofcommunicationamongeachother.Therearedifferentexplanationsofawolf'showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover.

Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobondbettertogether.It'salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.Butthistheorymaybewrong，explainsFredH．Harrington，aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehaviour.

Indeed，therehavebeentimeswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginachorus，andthenext，quarrelingamongeachother.Itappearsthatusuallythelowestrankingmembersofthepackmayactuallybe“punished”forjoininginthechorusattimes.Soishowlingawaytostrengthenasocialbondorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers?

—Whydowolveshowlforsure?

Whatisclear，however，isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolvesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.Whenthishappens，howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.

Howling，interestingly，isacontagiousbehaviour.Whenonewolfstartstohowl，verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning，asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence.

动物的嚎叫有其目的性，而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴，所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的；但专家似乎发现，狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了呼朋引伴，因为有时也会争斗，因此，研究之后，专家发现：

狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为，有时也是为了呼唤同伴。

5．Whatisthepossiblesimilaritybetweenwolves'howlingtogetherandhumans'singinginchorus?

A．Theactofcallingeachother.B．Thesenseofaccomplishment.

C．Theactofhuntingforsomething.D．Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.

答案：

D。

细节判断题。

从第二段的信息词“bondbettertogether”以及“helpthepackstaytogether”等可以确定两者的共同点与选项D的说法是一致的。

6．WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe“socialbond”theorymaybewrong?

A．Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.

B．Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.

C．Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.

D．Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.

答案：

C。

细节判断题。

根据第三段中提到的“andthenext,quarrellingamongeachother”以及“itappearsthat...bepunishedforjoining...”都可以表明选项C的说法是符合原文之意的。

7．Researchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto________.

A．showtheirranksB．findtheircompanions

C．reportthemissingonesD．expresstheirloneliness

答案：

B。

细节判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locateeachother”以及最后一句中的“appearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering”都可以明确：

狼的嚎叫正是为了找伴儿，故选项B的说法是最符合原文的。

8．“Howling...isacontagiousbehaviour”（inthelastparagraph）means________.

A．howlingisasignalforhuntingB．howlingisawayofcommunication

C．howlingoftenoccursinthemorningD．howlingspreadsfromonetoanother

答案：

D。

句意理解题。

从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解：

一个随着一个的去做事情，如同选项D所说的那样。

TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild'spersonalityandpredisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby'sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentails，andmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.

　Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Forexample，wesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone——farfromit.

Secondly，commonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotsowidespreadtodayifparents，caretakersfoundchildrenhadproblemswithit.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedout，andeveniftheywere，theresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.

Thirdly，inthelastdecade，therehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycare，andtheyhavereportedthatdaycarehadaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.ButBowlby'sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadto,say，morementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.

Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreearelikelytoprotestatleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalfalmostallchildrenfindthetrans