非谓语动词解题技巧.docx
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非谓语动词解题技巧
E谓语动词解题技巧
定义:
1.谓语动词:
在句子中担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词:
是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
非谓语动词使用条件:
一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,还
有别的动词出现时。
非谓语动词解题步骤:
一.辨别“谓与非谓”二•找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分
析时态
(一)分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”
1.manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstand注意连词
(C)
2.manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.
(A)
A.HavingbeentoldB.Beingtold
C.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhewastold
3.Itahotday,we'dbettergoswimming.
—注意标点符
(C)
4.arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.
D.ltbeingE.ItwasF.been
(二)找逻辑主语
非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做
逻辑主语。
I.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,
般来说,
shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.
2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句
3.Mostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywere
fromSouthAfrica.
4.Convincedofthetruthofthereports,he_
toldhiscolleaguesaboutit.
1.everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohave
anotherchanee.(B)
2.Everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohave
anotherchanee.(D)
A.totakeB.taking
C.tobetakenD.taken
(3)分析语态
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时
是主动还是被动关系。
1.“Youcan'tcatchme!
”Janeshouted,
away.
A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran
2.inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.(B)
A.HavinglostB.Lost
C.BeinglostD.Losing
(4)分析时态
1.Thebuildingnow|will|bearestaurant.
(C)
2.Thebuildingnextyearwillbearestaurant.
(B)
3.Thebuildinglastyearisarestaurant.
(D)
A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuilt
D.built
1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere
foraspaceflight.
A.trainingB.beingtrained
D.tobetrained
C.tohavetrained
如:
Shegotupveryearlytocatchupthefirstbus.
2.thiscake,you'IIneed2eggs,175gsugarand175g
flour.
A.HavingmadeB.Make
C.TomakeD.Making
原则二:
|用作伴随状语,原则上要用-而.
3.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamomen,not,and
askedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.
A.movedB.moving
C.tomoveD.Beingmoved
1.Writetotheeditor,that
-ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别:
theeditor
作伴随状语的一ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生w「-〈「I
wouldbeabletohelp
且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作/、
her.(hope)
要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。
用括号里的词的适当形式填空
原则三:
用作结果状语时,可用-ing或不定式,其原则区别是,一般用-ing,表示一定逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之中。
不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之外。
■
4.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesatthe
entrance,inthenaturallightduringtheday.
A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet
【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。
女口:
Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthatplace.
大雨滂沱,造成了那个地方洪水泛滥
5.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,
arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.
A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching
6.Hehurriedtothestation,onlythatthetrainhadleft.
A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound
【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。
7.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlythatallthetickets
hadbeensoldout.
A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told
原则四:
凡是含有被动意义时,原则上要用过去分词。
但是,如果所涉及的动作尚未发生,贝U用不定式的被动式;如果所涉及的动作正在进行,则用-ing的被动式.
8.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle
A.tobeheardB.tohaveheard
C.hearingD.beingheard
9.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdeskscouldbeheard
outsidetheclassroom.
A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosed
D.toopenandclose
C.beingopenedandclosed
【解析】of后应接-ing,desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,又因couldbeheard,所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。
10.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger
atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyesuponher.
A.seating;fixingB.toseat;fixing
C.havingseated;fixedD.seated;fixed
【解析】seat:
vt.Iseatedmyself.=Iwasseated.=Isatdown
fixone'seyesupon…
原则五:
非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致」
11.Facedwithabillfor$10,000,.
A.Johnhastakenanextrajob
B.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajob
C.anextrajobhasbeentaken
D.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn
【解析】(be)facedwith…
12.Whilewatchingtelevision,.
A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellrings
C.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings
【解析】因为watching的逻辑主语一定是人,排除选项A和B;又因在
hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式,所以选项D中的rings是错误
原则六:
强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式(根据情况可
用不定式的完成式或一ing的完成式)
13.fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahas
manyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.
A.BeingseparatedB.Havingseparated
C.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparated
【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系,且separate发生在谓
语动词has之前,所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。
14.Themanager,itcleartousthathedidn'tagreewithus,
leftthemeetingroom.
A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making
【解析】因为Themanager与make是主动关系,且make发生在谓语
left之前,所以用-ing的完成式作状语,havingmade...相当于whohadmade...的意思。
15.—LiMingissaidabroad.Doyouknowwhat
countryhestudiedin?
(A)
hewillstudyin?
(B)
hestudiesin?
(C)
—Yes,InLondon.
A.tohavestudiedB.tostudy
C.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying
【解析】Sbissaidtodo…据说…
原则七:
用于名词后作定语时,原则是:
用不疋式,表示动作尚未发生;
用-ing,表示动作正在进仃;
用过去分词,表示动作被动、完成。
16.Therewillbemorethanthreehundredscientistsattendingthe
D.tobeheld
meetingthedayaftertomorrow.
A.holdB.holdingC.held
tohavealookatVanGogh'spaintings.
myself.
A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havelost
【解析】losevt.losesb/sth
19.—Thelastonepaysthemeal.
原则上要用不定式作定语。
女口:
Youarethesecondtomakethatmistake.
你是第二个犯这错误的人。
有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构,作状语时仍用过去分词形式。
Lostinthought,shenearlyranintoatree.二Becauseshewaslostinthought
Dressedinwhite,helookslikeacookratherthanadoctor.
与lost类似的过去分词还有
dresseddetermineddevoted,seated,absorbed,prepared,
caught,tired,exhausted,disappointed,frightened,satisfied等。
【考例】Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,
.(A)
A.exhaustedB.exhausting
C.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted