非谓语动词解题技巧.docx

1、非谓语动词解题技巧E谓语动词解题技巧定义：1.谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词： 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词） ，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时。非谓语动词解题步骤：一.辨别“谓与非谓” 二找逻辑主语 三、分析语态 四、分析时态（一）分析句子结构，辨别“谓语与非谓语”1. many times , but he still could nt un dersta nd 注意连词（C）2. many times , he still could nt un dersta nd it .（A）A

2、. Havi ng bee n told B. Bei ng toldC. He had bee n told D.Though he was told3.It a hot day, we d better go swimming. 注意标点符（C ）4. a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.D.lt being E. It was F. bee n（二）找逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。I.Walking along the street one day,般来说,she saw a littl

3、e girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句3.Most of the artists invited to the party werefrom South Africa.4.Convin ced of the truth of the reports, he _told his colleagues about it.1. everything into consideration,they ought to haveano ther cha nee. ( B )2.Ev

4、erythi ng in to con sideratio n,they ought to haveano ther cha nee. ( D )A.to take B. tak ingC. to be take n D. take n(3)分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 1. “You can t catch me!” Jane shouted, away.A. run B. running C.to run D. ran2.in the mountains for a week, the two stude nts were

5、 fin ally saved by the local police. ( B )A. Havi ng lost B. LostC. Being lost D. Los ing(4)分析时态1.The buildi ng now | will |be a restaura nt .(C )2.The buildi ng next year will be a restaura nt .(B)3.The buildi ng last year is a restaura nt.(D)A.hav ing bee n built B.to be built C.be ing builtD. bui

6、lt1.When asked why he went there , he said he was sent there for a space flight.A. trai ning B. being tra inedD. to be trainedC. to have tra ined如: She got up very early to catch up the first bus.2. this cake , you II need 2 eggs , 175 g sugar and 175 gflour.A. Hav ing made B. MakeC. To make D. Mak

7、ing原则二： |用作伴随状语，原则上要用-而.3.As the light turned green , I stood for a momen, not , andasked myself what I was going to do.A. moved B. movingC. to move D. Bei ng moved1. Write to the editor, that-ing形式作伴随状语与to do作目的状语的区别：the editor作伴随状语的一ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生w -Iwould be able to help且前面常常带一逗号；而作目的状语的不定式的动作

8、/ 、her.( hope )要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表 示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻 辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。4.The glass doors have take n the place of the woode n ones at theentrance ， in the natural light during the day.A. to let B. letti ng C. let D. havi ng let【解析此处用-ing

9、表示自然而然的结果。女口： It rained heavily ， causing severe flooding in that place.大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥5.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year , a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel o n April 4.A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching6.He hurried to the station, only that the tra

10、in had left.A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。7.He hurried to the booking office only that all the ticketshad bee n sold out.A. to tell B. to be told C. telli ng D. told原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作 尚未发生，贝U用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用 -ing 的被动式.8.The chi

11、ldren talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggleA. to be heard B. to have heardC. heari ng D. being heard9.At the beg inning of class, the no ise of desks could be heardoutside the classroom.A. ope ned and closed B. to be ope ned and closedD. to ope n and closeC. being ope ned and close

12、d【解析】of后应接-ing , desks与open and close 之间存在逻辑上的被动 关系，又因could be heard ，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的 动作。10.When she came in, she was surprised to find a stra nger at the back of the classroom with his eyes upon her.A. seati ng; fixing B. to seat; fixingC.hav ing seated; fixed D. seated; fixed【解析】 seat :vt. I se

13、ated myself. = I was seated. = I sat downfix one s eyes upon 原则五： 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致 11.Faced with a bill for $10,000 , .A.Joh n has take n an extra jobB.the boss has give n Joh n an extra jobC.an extra job has bee n take nD.an extra job has bee n give n to Joh n【解析】(be) faced with 12.Whil

14、e watching television , .A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings【解析】因为watching 的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项 A和B ;又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了 to的不定式， 所以选项D中的rings 是错误原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或一ing 的完成式）13. from other continents for millions of

15、years， Australia hasmany pla nts and ani mals not found in any other coun tries in the world.A.Be ing separated B. Hav ing separatedC.Havi ng bee n separated D. to be separated【解析】因为Australia 与separate 是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。14.The manager， it clear to us that he didn t agree

16、 with us，left the meeti ng room.A. who has made B. hav ing made C. made D. making【解析】因为The manager与make是主动关系，且 make发生在谓语left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，having made. 相当于who had made. 的意思。15. Li Ming is said abroad. Do you know whatcountry he studied in ?（A）he will study in?（B）he studies in?（C）Y es, In London.

17、A. to have studied B. to studyC. to be study ing D. to have bee n study ing【解析】Sb is said to do 据说原则七:用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不疋式，表示动作尚未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进仃；用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。16.There will be more than three hundred scientistsattending theD. to be heldmeeti ng the day after tomorrow.A. hold B. holdi ng C. heldto

18、have a look at Van Gogh s paintings.myself.A. lost B. losi ng C. to lost D. have lost【解析】lose vt. lose sb/sth19. The last one pays the meal.原则上要用不定式作定语。女口： You are the second to make that mistake.你是第二个犯这错误的人。有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构，作状语时仍用过去分词形式。Lost in thought, she n early ran into a tree.二Because she was l

19、ost in thoughtDressed in white, he looks like a cook rather than a doctor.与lost类似的过去分词还有dressed determ ined devoted, seated, absorbed, prepared,caught ,tired, exhausted, disappo in ted, frighte ned, satisfied 等。【考例】 After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, . （ A）A. exhausted B. exhaustingC. being exhausted D. hav ing exhausted