英语中的复杂句.docx

英语中的复杂句.docx

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英语中的复杂句

复杂句

带名词性分句,状语分句和非限定分句的复杂句。

主语从句

That

Whatcausedtheaccidentisnotknowntous.

Howthebuildingwasruined

WhichroadIshouldchoose/take

Whether/if

Whetheritwillrainornottonightdoesnotconcernme.

带名词性分句的复杂句

名词性分句能在句中起名词词组的作用，这种分句通常由从属连词that引导，也可以由who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等连接代词引导，还可以由when,where,how和why等连接副词引导。

在句中作主语/主语补足语/宾语/同位语和介词补足语。

例如作主语：

Itisquiteclearthatthecrimewasdonedeliberately.

ThatTomshouldhavemarriedhiscousinisnotatallsurprising.

Whatcausedthefireisstillamystery.

Whowasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.

Whyheleftsoabruptlyisnotknowntoanyofus.

Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.

Whetherhecomesornotdoesnotconcernme.

Whereverheoncelivediswellpreserved.

Itisimportantthatyoushouldeatmuchvegetable.

Isuggestthatyoushouldgetupearlyinthemorning.

Itishightimewewent.

作宾语

Wehaveneverdoubtedthatheishonest.

Shesuggestedthatheshoulddoitatonce.

Icannotimaginewhatmadehimactlikethat.

Canyoutellmewhoisresponsibleforthefire

Noonecantellwhenshewillarrive.

Tellapart

Eatwhicheveryoulikeandleavetheothersforwhoevercomesinlate.

SheaskedmewhereIwasoffto.

IwonderedhowhecouldmakesuchrapidprogressinhisstudyofFrench.

Doyouknowif/whetheranydecisionhasbeenarrivedat.

作主语补足语

Thefactisthathedidnotnoticethecaruntiltoolate.

Themysteryiswhetherheeverwentthereatall.

Thequestioniswhyhelikestheplacesomuch.

Theproblemisnotwhowillgobutwhowillstay.

作同位语

Theyhadtofacethefactthatthenearestfillingstationis30milesaway.

Havenoidea

Haveyouanyideahowsoontheyarecoming

Ihavenoideahowmuchofascholarheis.

作介词补足语

BeforeIcamedownstairsIhadpreparedmyselfverycarefullyforwhatImustsay.

Youmustgiveitbacktowhoeveritbelongsto.

带状语分句的复杂句

时间状语分句

WheneverImetwithanydifficulty,hecametomyhelp.

Untilweknowthefacts,wecannotdoanythingaboutit.

Theinstantshesawhim,sheknewhewasherlostbrother.

Ahorse/thehorse/horses

地点状语分句

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Whereverhehappenstobe,Johncanmakehimselfathome.

Wheretheancientsknewnothing,weknowalittle.

Everywheretheywent,thevisitorswerewarmlyreceived.

方式状语分句

YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.

Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadn’tgrownup.

SheisdoingherworkthewayIlikeittobedone.

Weshouldseethingsastheytrulyare.

如其所是

Ishallwearmycoathow/inthewayIlike.

原因状语分句

Astherewasnoanswer,Iwroteagain.

Sincethespeakercannotcome,wewillhavetocancelthemeeting.

Becauseitwaswet,hedidnotgooutforawalkthatday.

Nowthatthenewregulationshavecomeintoforce,therearefarfeweraccidentsontheroads.

结果状语分句

1．Hehadoverslept,sothathewaslateforwork.

2.Hewasveryangry,sothathelefttheroomwithoutsayingaword.

3.Iwasinthebath,withtheresultthatIdidn’theartheknockonthedoor.

目的状语分句

Theteachermustspeakclearlysothathisstudentscanunderstandwell.

Theyclimbedtothetopofthebuildinginorderthattheycouldgetabird’s-eyeviewofthecity.

Idon’tlethimgooutinthisweatherincaseheshouldcatchcold.

条件状语分句

Ifthedamhadbrokeninthefloodlastyear,therewouldhavebeengreatlossoflifeandproperty.

Providedthathewinsthesupportoftheminoritygroups,hewillbeabletowintheelection.

让步状语分句

Thoughheshouldstandalone,hewillneveryield.

Ishouldnothavetimetoseehimevenifhewerehere.

Richasheis,Mr.Johnsonisbynomeansahappyman.

伴随状语分句

Hediedaheroicdeath,savinglivesfromthecollapsedbuildings.

Everyonecametoourhelp,Johnnotexcepted.

Wedancedunderthetree,asoftwindblowingoverthelake.

Hewentout,guninhand.

Shequicklyhandedhimtheovercoat,anxioustobeofservice.

带非限定分句的复杂句

Yourtaskistogetacrosstheriverwithoutbeingseen.

Notwishingtocontinuemystudies,Idecidedtobecomeadressdesigner.

Havinglostallmymoney,Iwenthome.

ExcitedaboutthepossibilityofgoingtoChina,Joecouldnotgotosleeplastnight.

带无动词的复杂句

不带从属连词的无动词分句

Speechless,VictorHenrynoddedandsatonafoldingseat.

Anxiousforaquickdecision,thechairmancalledforavote.

Gladthatschoolwasfinished,thestudentsranoutoftheroom.

Anexcellentspeaker,hewasneveratalossforwords.

带从属连词的无动词分句

Accordwith

Cord/core

Core=heart

Accord=tobeoneheart

Cordial=hearty

Whateverthereasonis,hiscordialitytoherhaswonhimafriend.

Whenstillaboyofsix,Bobwassentawayfromhome.

Youshouldnotdrinkverycoldwater,whilehotfromwork.

Youtendtobecheatedwhilefreshfromschool.

Althoughalwayshelpful,hewasnotmuchlikedbypeople.

WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

Whetherbyaccidentorbydesign,hearrivedtoolatetohelpus.

Hespokeungraciously,ifnotrudely.

Theadministrationseemedtodepart,althoughslightly,fromthedoctrine.

独立主格复杂句

不定式/-ing/-ed/和无动词独立主格

Anumberofofficialsfollowedtheemperor,sometoholdhisrope,otherstoadjusthisgirdle,andsoon.

Therebeingnothingelsetodo,weleft.

Hisvoicedrownedbythenoise,thespeakerinterruptedhislecture.

Hewentoff,guninhand.

Themealover,prayerswerereadbyhim.

独立主格的语法意义

Hishomeworkdone,Jimdecidedtogoandseetheplay.

Themealover,webegantoworkagain.

Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.

Hershirtcaughtonanail,shecouldnotmove.

Weatherpermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.

Heputonhissockswrongsideout.

Hediedonhisbed,hiseyeswide-open.

Hesatatthetable,collaroff,headdownandpeninposition,readytobeginthelongletter.