最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习12及答案.docx

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最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习12及答案.docx

最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习12及答案

教学资料范本

【2020】最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习:

(12)及答案

编辑:

__________________

时间:

__________________

 

【高考阅读理解----推理判断】(20xx·安徽省××市二模)

Beesplayavitalroleintheworld.Unfortunately,beesaredyingbythesecond.

Themainpurposeofbeesistomakehoney.Honey,shockingly,doesnotexistforhumanconsumption;itisessentialtotheinsects.Honeybeesstorehoneyintheirhives(蜂箱)inorderforthebeestohaveenergyfortheirflightmusclesandforheatingthehivesduringthewinterperiod.Theycollectpollen(花粉)whichsuppliesproteinforyoungbeestogrow.

AccordingtoNationalHoneyBoard,theincreasedproductionandqualityofagriculturalcropsasaresultofhoneybeepollinationarevaluedatmorethan$14.6billionperyear.Theseinsectsareresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli.

Soiftheyaresovaluabletoagriculture,whydotheykeepdyingoff?

Akeysuspectseemstobepesticides(农药).Honeybeeswhoareexposedtopesticidesresultinthedamagetotheirneurological(神经系统的)functions,specificallymemoryorbehavior.Andthat'swhythemajorityofworkerbeesdisappearandleavebehindaqueen,plentyoffoodandafewnursebeestocarefortheremainingimmaturebeesandthequeen.Thereareseveralothercausesofthedeclineofbees,includingthedestructionofnaturalhabitats,likewoodlands,forests,andotherhabitatsforbees.Climatechangeisalsoafactorinthedeclineofthewildbeepopulation.

Actually,thereareavarietyofmethodstohelpthebeepopulationgrow.Onewayistostartyourownorganicgardenbyplantingbee-friendlyplants.Pesticidesareusedinbothindustrialpracticesandeveninyourhome,soitisbesttofindorganicseedsandweedkillers.

文章大意:

本文是一篇说明文.。

蜜蜂在生物世界里起着重要的作用,但是由于农药的滥用,蜜蜂正在大批死亡.。

本文给出了增加蜜蜂数量的方法和建议.。

[段意梳理] 

第一段:

开门见山,给出全文话题——蜜蜂在世界上起着重要的作用,但是许多蜜蜂在死亡.。

第二段:

蜜蜂给人类的贡献是蜂蜜,该段介绍了它们传播花粉、储藏蜂蜜的原因.。

第三段:

蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜的生产有着重要的作用.。

第四段:

由于农药的滥用,大批蜜蜂正在死亡.。

第五段:

介绍增加蜜蜂数量的方法.。

[难句分析] Theseinsectsareresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli.

分析:

本句为主从复合句,句中weeattoday为省略了that的定语从句,修饰先行词thefruitsandvegetables.。

译文:

这些昆虫对我们如今所食用的超过70种的水果和蔬菜负责,包括苹果、葡萄、咖啡、豆类和西蓝花.。

 Whydohoneybeesstorehoneyintheirhives?

____D____

A.Toprovideenoughhoneyforhumanstoconsume.

B.Todrawproteinoutofhoneyforyoungbees.

C.Tohelpattractotherinsectsandmakehivesstronger.

D.Tostrengthenbeemusclesandheathivesinwinter.

解析:

考查细节理解.。

根据第二段的第三句“Honeybeesstorehoneyintheirhives(蜂箱)inorderforthebeestohaveenergyfortheirflightmusclesandforheatingthehivesduringthewinterperiod”可知,蜜蜂储藏蜂蜜是为了增强飞行肌肉的力量,在冬天为蜂箱加热,故D项正确.。

 Applesandbeansarementionedinthethirdparagraphtoshowthat____C____.

A.beessupplyhumanbeingswithbasicfood

B.beesmainlyliveontheseagriculturalcrops

C.beesareofgreatimportancetofruitsandvegetables

D.beescanbringinmoremoneyforfarmerseveryyear

解析:

考查细节理解.。

根据第三段的“Theseinsectsaerresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli”可知,该段提及苹果和豆类旨在说明蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜的重要作用,故C项正确.。

 Whatismostlikelytocausetheworkerbeestoleavetheirhivesbehind?

____B____

A.Thelackoffood.

B.Theabuseofpesticides.

C.Thefightingamongbees.

D.Thedestructionofthehabitats.

解析:

考查细节理解.。

根据第四段的“Honeybeeswhoareexposedtopesticides...Andthat'swhythemajorityofworkerbeesdisappear”可知,农药的滥用导致了工蜂离开蜂箱,故B项正确.。

 Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

____A____

A.Anotherwaytosavebees.

B.Othertipsforchoosingseeds.

C.Moremethodstoplantgreenorganicfruits.

D.Causesofthedeclineinthewildbeepopulation.

解析:

考查推理判断.。

根据第五段的第一、二句“Actually,thereareavarietyofmethodstohelpthebeepopulationgrow.Onewayistostartyourownorganicgardenbyplantingbee-friendlyplants”可知,该段主要介绍了帮助蜜蜂增加数量的方法之一:

种植对蜜蜂无害的植物.。

据此可以推断,下文将介绍其他的帮助增加蜜蜂数量的方法,故A项正确.。

(20xx高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项.。

体裁:

说明文 话题:

社会道德 词数:

360 时间:

8′

(20xx·江西重点中学盟校二次联考)Counterfeitmedicinesareawidespreadproblemindevelopingcountries.Likeothercounterfeits,theylooklikerealproducts.Butcounterfeitdrugsmaycontaintoomuch,toolittleornoneoftheactiveingredients(有效成分)oftherealthing.

TheproblemofcounterfeitmedicinesisespeciallyseriousinAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica.TheWHOestimatesthatuptothirtypercentofmedicinesonsaleinmanyofthosecountriesarecounterfeits.Theproblemislesswidespreadamongindustrializedcountries.TheWHOsayscounterfeitsmakeuplessthanonepercentoftheillegaldrugmarketincountriesliketheUnitedStates,Canada,Japan,andNewZealand.

ButtheagencyalsosaysasmuchasfiftypercentofthemedicinesoldontheInternetiscounterfeit.

dimensionalimagescalledholograms(全息图)ontheirproductsasasecuritydevice.

【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文.。

本文介绍了假药的有关情况.。

1.Theunderlinedword“counterfeits”means________.

A.qualifiedproductsB.substandardmedicines

C.realpillsD.falseproducts

答案 D [词义猜测题.。

根据第一段第二句话中的“theylooklikerealproducts”以及后面一句话可推知,画线词的意思是“伪造品”.。

因此D项正确.。

]

2.LastyeartwentychildreninBangladeshdiedbecauseof________.

A.uncleanwaterB.acetaminophen

C.unrealdrugsD.onlinemedicines

答案 C [细节理解题.。

根据第二段最后一句话可知,那二十个孩子是因为服用了假药死去的.。

因此选C项.。

]

3.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat________.

A.wehadbetternotbuymedicinesonline

B.moreandmorepeoplewillbuyproductsonline

D.itisverycheapandconvenienttobuymedicinesonline

答案 A [推理判断题.。

从第四段可知,网上销售的药品,假药多达百分之五十.。

由此可推知,我们最好不要在网上购买药物.。

因此A项正确.。

]

4.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Itshowsthedangerofcounterfeitdrugs.

B.Specialtrackingcodesfordrugpackagesareusedtoidentifycounterfeits.

C.Somemeasuresarebeingtakentofightcounterfeitdrugs.

D.Itrevealsthereasonswhycounterfeitdrugsarewidespread.

答案 C [段落大意题.。

文章最后一段主要说明了人们采取了一些措施来与假药作斗争.。

因此选C项.。

]

(社会生活、说理议论)[20xx·北京卷]D

Storescent(香味)

Whatisthefirstthingyounoticewhenyouwalkintoashop?

Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance?

Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?

 

Someyearsago,thefocusforbreadnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants'disprovingattitudeanddon'ttouchwhatyoucan'tshopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricksandmortarstores(实体店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.

madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.

67.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstores?

A.Friendlyassistants.

B.Uniquescents.

C.Softbackgroundmusic.

D.Attractivewindowdisplay.

68.Eshopsarementionedinthepassageto________.

A.showtheadvantagesofbricksandmortarstores

B.urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitude

C.pushstorestousesightsandsounds

D.introducetheriseofe

69.Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means________.

A.aplatformthatexhibitsgoods

B.aspotwheretravellersliketostay

C.aplacewherecustomerslovetogo

D.atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet

70.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.

B.examineandassess

C.argueanddiscuss

D.informandexplain

69.C 词义猜测题.。

destination的本意是“目的地”,与上文提到的shop场地相通,但意义迥异,不仅是购物的地方,更多的是一种购物的完整体验,有视觉、听觉和味觉的多重享受.。

这里的意义是针对消费者而言的,而不是商店或商家.。

A、D选项都是针对商家的,而B项跟文章没有关系.。

故选C.。

70.D 主旨大意题.。

这篇文章主要是谈论香味对购物心理的影响,是一篇说明文,所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响.。

A项意为“对比和评估”,对比谈到了,而评价涉及较少;B意为“检测和评估”,科学检测意味太浓,跟本文大意不符.。

C项意为“争辩”,没有批评靶子的情况下,这种说法不成立.。

所以本题选D,介绍并解释了“香味”,而没有进行科学试验.。

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项.。

’’dbeasubwayguard.Icouldseemyselfbeingcheerful,useful,agoodmaninacrisis(艰难危险时期).ObviouslyI’—

ThenextdayIsatdown,withalmostahundredothercandidates,fortheintelligencetest.Imusthavedoneallrightbecauseafterabouthalfanhour’swaitIwassentintoanotherroomforapsychologicaltest.Thistimetherewereonlyaboutfiftycandidates.Theinterviewersatatadesk.Candidatesweresignaledforwardtooccupytheseatoppositehimwhenthepreviousoccupanthadbeendismissed,afteragreaterorshortertime.Obviouslythelonginterviewswerethemoresuccessfulones.Someoftheinterviewswereasshortasfiveminutes.Minewastheonlyonethatlastedaminuteandahalf.

Icanrememberthequestionsnow:

“Whydidyouleaveyourlastjob?

”“Whydidyouleaveyourjobbeforethat?

”“Andtheonebeforethat?

”Ican’trecallmyanswers,exceptthattheywereshortatfirstandgrewprogressivelyshorter.Hisclosingstatement,Ithought,revealedalackofsensitivitywhichhelpedtoexplainwhyasapsychologist,hehadrisennohigherthantheundergroundrailway.“You’vefailedthepsychologicaltestandweareunabletoofferyouaposition.”

Failingtogetthatjobwasmylowpoint.OrsoIthought,believingthattheworkwaseasy.Actually,suchjobs—beingapostmanisanotheroneIstilldesire—demandexactlythesortofelementaryyetresponsibleawarenessthatthehabitualdreamerisleastqualifiedtogive.ButIwasstillfarshortoffullself-understanding.Iwasalsoshortofcash.

1.Thewriterappliedforthejobchieflybecause_________.

A.hewantedtoworkinthecentreofLondon

B.hecouldnolongeraffordtolivewithoutone

C.hewasnotinterestedinanyotheravailablejob

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