最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习12及答案.docx
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最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习12及答案
教学资料范本
【2020】最新英语高考推理判断+泛读一轮练习:
(12)及答案
编辑:
__________________
时间:
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【高考阅读理解----推理判断】(20xx·安徽省××市二模)
Beesplayavitalroleintheworld.Unfortunately,beesaredyingbythesecond.
Themainpurposeofbeesistomakehoney.Honey,shockingly,doesnotexistforhumanconsumption;itisessentialtotheinsects.Honeybeesstorehoneyintheirhives(蜂箱)inorderforthebeestohaveenergyfortheirflightmusclesandforheatingthehivesduringthewinterperiod.Theycollectpollen(花粉)whichsuppliesproteinforyoungbeestogrow.
AccordingtoNationalHoneyBoard,theincreasedproductionandqualityofagriculturalcropsasaresultofhoneybeepollinationarevaluedatmorethan$14.6billionperyear.Theseinsectsareresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli.
Soiftheyaresovaluabletoagriculture,whydotheykeepdyingoff?
Akeysuspectseemstobepesticides(农药).Honeybeeswhoareexposedtopesticidesresultinthedamagetotheirneurological(神经系统的)functions,specificallymemoryorbehavior.Andthat'swhythemajorityofworkerbeesdisappearandleavebehindaqueen,plentyoffoodandafewnursebeestocarefortheremainingimmaturebeesandthequeen.Thereareseveralothercausesofthedeclineofbees,includingthedestructionofnaturalhabitats,likewoodlands,forests,andotherhabitatsforbees.Climatechangeisalsoafactorinthedeclineofthewildbeepopulation.
Actually,thereareavarietyofmethodstohelpthebeepopulationgrow.Onewayistostartyourownorganicgardenbyplantingbee-friendlyplants.Pesticidesareusedinbothindustrialpracticesandeveninyourhome,soitisbesttofindorganicseedsandweedkillers.
文章大意:
本文是一篇说明文.。
蜜蜂在生物世界里起着重要的作用,但是由于农药的滥用,蜜蜂正在大批死亡.。
本文给出了增加蜜蜂数量的方法和建议.。
[段意梳理]
第一段:
开门见山,给出全文话题——蜜蜂在世界上起着重要的作用,但是许多蜜蜂在死亡.。
第二段:
蜜蜂给人类的贡献是蜂蜜,该段介绍了它们传播花粉、储藏蜂蜜的原因.。
第三段:
蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜的生产有着重要的作用.。
第四段:
由于农药的滥用,大批蜜蜂正在死亡.。
第五段:
介绍增加蜜蜂数量的方法.。
[难句分析] Theseinsectsareresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli.
分析:
本句为主从复合句,句中weeattoday为省略了that的定语从句,修饰先行词thefruitsandvegetables.。
译文:
这些昆虫对我们如今所食用的超过70种的水果和蔬菜负责,包括苹果、葡萄、咖啡、豆类和西蓝花.。
Whydohoneybeesstorehoneyintheirhives?
____D____
A.Toprovideenoughhoneyforhumanstoconsume.
B.Todrawproteinoutofhoneyforyoungbees.
C.Tohelpattractotherinsectsandmakehivesstronger.
D.Tostrengthenbeemusclesandheathivesinwinter.
解析:
考查细节理解.。
根据第二段的第三句“Honeybeesstorehoneyintheirhives(蜂箱)inorderforthebeestohaveenergyfortheirflightmusclesandforheatingthehivesduringthewinterperiod”可知,蜜蜂储藏蜂蜜是为了增强飞行肌肉的力量,在冬天为蜂箱加热,故D项正确.。
Applesandbeansarementionedinthethirdparagraphtoshowthat____C____.
A.beessupplyhumanbeingswithbasicfood
B.beesmainlyliveontheseagriculturalcrops
C.beesareofgreatimportancetofruitsandvegetables
D.beescanbringinmoremoneyforfarmerseveryyear
解析:
考查细节理解.。
根据第三段的“Theseinsectsaerresponsibleforover70ofthefruitsandvegetablesweeattoday,includingapples,grapes,coffee,beans,andbroccoli”可知,该段提及苹果和豆类旨在说明蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜的重要作用,故C项正确.。
Whatismostlikelytocausetheworkerbeestoleavetheirhivesbehind?
____B____
A.Thelackoffood.
B.Theabuseofpesticides.
C.Thefightingamongbees.
D.Thedestructionofthehabitats.
解析:
考查细节理解.。
根据第四段的“Honeybeeswhoareexposedtopesticides...Andthat'swhythemajorityofworkerbeesdisappear”可知,农药的滥用导致了工蜂离开蜂箱,故B项正确.。
Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?
____A____
A.Anotherwaytosavebees.
B.Othertipsforchoosingseeds.
C.Moremethodstoplantgreenorganicfruits.
D.Causesofthedeclineinthewildbeepopulation.
解析:
考查推理判断.。
根据第五段的第一、二句“Actually,thereareavarietyofmethodstohelpthebeepopulationgrow.Onewayistostartyourownorganicgardenbyplantingbee-friendlyplants”可知,该段主要介绍了帮助蜜蜂增加数量的方法之一:
种植对蜜蜂无害的植物.。
据此可以推断,下文将介绍其他的帮助增加蜜蜂数量的方法,故A项正确.。
(20xx高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项.。
体裁:
说明文 话题:
社会道德 词数:
360 时间:
8′
(20xx·江西重点中学盟校二次联考)Counterfeitmedicinesareawidespreadproblemindevelopingcountries.Likeothercounterfeits,theylooklikerealproducts.Butcounterfeitdrugsmaycontaintoomuch,toolittleornoneoftheactiveingredients(有效成分)oftherealthing.
TheproblemofcounterfeitmedicinesisespeciallyseriousinAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica.TheWHOestimatesthatuptothirtypercentofmedicinesonsaleinmanyofthosecountriesarecounterfeits.Theproblemislesswidespreadamongindustrializedcountries.TheWHOsayscounterfeitsmakeuplessthanonepercentoftheillegaldrugmarketincountriesliketheUnitedStates,Canada,Japan,andNewZealand.
ButtheagencyalsosaysasmuchasfiftypercentofthemedicinesoldontheInternetiscounterfeit.
dimensionalimagescalledholograms(全息图)ontheirproductsasasecuritydevice.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文.。
本文介绍了假药的有关情况.。
1.Theunderlinedword“counterfeits”means________.
A.qualifiedproductsB.substandardmedicines
C.realpillsD.falseproducts
答案 D [词义猜测题.。
根据第一段第二句话中的“theylooklikerealproducts”以及后面一句话可推知,画线词的意思是“伪造品”.。
因此D项正确.。
]
2.LastyeartwentychildreninBangladeshdiedbecauseof________.
A.uncleanwaterB.acetaminophen
C.unrealdrugsD.onlinemedicines
答案 C [细节理解题.。
根据第二段最后一句话可知,那二十个孩子是因为服用了假药死去的.。
因此选C项.。
]
3.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat________.
A.wehadbetternotbuymedicinesonline
B.moreandmorepeoplewillbuyproductsonline
D.itisverycheapandconvenienttobuymedicinesonline
答案 A [推理判断题.。
从第四段可知,网上销售的药品,假药多达百分之五十.。
由此可推知,我们最好不要在网上购买药物.。
因此A项正确.。
]
4.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?
A.Itshowsthedangerofcounterfeitdrugs.
B.Specialtrackingcodesfordrugpackagesareusedtoidentifycounterfeits.
C.Somemeasuresarebeingtakentofightcounterfeitdrugs.
D.Itrevealsthereasonswhycounterfeitdrugsarewidespread.
答案 C [段落大意题.。
文章最后一段主要说明了人们采取了一些措施来与假药作斗争.。
因此选C项.。
]
(社会生活、说理议论)[20xx·北京卷]D
Storescent(香味)
Whatisthefirstthingyounoticewhenyouwalkintoashop?
Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance?
Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?
Someyearsago,thefocusforbreadnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants'disprovingattitudeanddon'ttouchwhatyoucan'tshopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricksandmortarstores(实体店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.
madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.
67.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstores?
A.Friendlyassistants.
B.Uniquescents.
C.Softbackgroundmusic.
D.Attractivewindowdisplay.
68.Eshopsarementionedinthepassageto________.
A.showtheadvantagesofbricksandmortarstores
B.urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitude
C.pushstorestousesightsandsounds
D.introducetheriseofe
69.Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means________.
A.aplatformthatexhibitsgoods
B.aspotwheretravellersliketostay
C.aplacewherecustomerslovetogo
D.atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet
70.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.
B.examineandassess
C.argueanddiscuss
D.informandexplain
69.C 词义猜测题.。
destination的本意是“目的地”,与上文提到的shop场地相通,但意义迥异,不仅是购物的地方,更多的是一种购物的完整体验,有视觉、听觉和味觉的多重享受.。
这里的意义是针对消费者而言的,而不是商店或商家.。
A、D选项都是针对商家的,而B项跟文章没有关系.。
故选C.。
70.D 主旨大意题.。
这篇文章主要是谈论香味对购物心理的影响,是一篇说明文,所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响.。
A项意为“对比和评估”,对比谈到了,而评价涉及较少;B意为“检测和评估”,科学检测意味太浓,跟本文大意不符.。
C项意为“争辩”,没有批评靶子的情况下,这种说法不成立.。
所以本题选D,介绍并解释了“香味”,而没有进行科学试验.。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项.。
’’dbeasubwayguard.Icouldseemyselfbeingcheerful,useful,agoodmaninacrisis(艰难危险时期).ObviouslyI’—
ThenextdayIsatdown,withalmostahundredothercandidates,fortheintelligencetest.Imusthavedoneallrightbecauseafterabouthalfanhour’swaitIwassentintoanotherroomforapsychologicaltest.Thistimetherewereonlyaboutfiftycandidates.Theinterviewersatatadesk.Candidatesweresignaledforwardtooccupytheseatoppositehimwhenthepreviousoccupanthadbeendismissed,afteragreaterorshortertime.Obviouslythelonginterviewswerethemoresuccessfulones.Someoftheinterviewswereasshortasfiveminutes.Minewastheonlyonethatlastedaminuteandahalf.
Icanrememberthequestionsnow:
“Whydidyouleaveyourlastjob?
”“Whydidyouleaveyourjobbeforethat?
”“Andtheonebeforethat?
”Ican’trecallmyanswers,exceptthattheywereshortatfirstandgrewprogressivelyshorter.Hisclosingstatement,Ithought,revealedalackofsensitivitywhichhelpedtoexplainwhyasapsychologist,hehadrisennohigherthantheundergroundrailway.“You’vefailedthepsychologicaltestandweareunabletoofferyouaposition.”
Failingtogetthatjobwasmylowpoint.OrsoIthought,believingthattheworkwaseasy.Actually,suchjobs—beingapostmanisanotheroneIstilldesire—demandexactlythesortofelementaryyetresponsibleawarenessthatthehabitualdreamerisleastqualifiedtogive.ButIwasstillfarshortoffullself-understanding.Iwasalsoshortofcash.
1.Thewriterappliedforthejobchieflybecause_________.
A.hewantedtoworkinthecentreofLondon
B.hecouldnolongeraffordtolivewithoutone
C.hewasnotinterestedinanyotheravailablejob