职称英语理工A阅读判断.docx
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职称英语理工A阅读判断
阅读判断
第14篇 StageFright1
Falldownasyoucomeonstage.That’sanoddtrick.Notrecommended.ButitsavedthepianistVladimirFeltsmanwhenhewasateenagerbackinMoscow.TheveterancellistMstislavRostropovichtrippedhimpurposelytocurehimofpre-performancepanic,2 Mr.Feltsmansaid,“Allmyfrightwasgone.Ialreadyfell.Whatelsecouldhappen?
”
Today,musicschoolsareaddressingtheproblemofanxietyinclassesthatdealwithperformancetechniquesandcareerpreparation.Thereareavarietyofstrategiesthatmusicianscanlearntofightstagefrightanditssymptoms:
icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind.3
Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout,4 tomentaldiscipline,suchasvisualizingaperformanceandtakingstepstorelax.Don’tdenythatyou’rejittery，theyurge;someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.Andplayinpublicoften,simplyfortheexperience.
PsychotherapistDianeNicholssuggestssomestrategiesforthemomentsbeforeperformance,“Taketwodeepabdominalbreaths,openupyourshoulders,thensmile,’’shesays.“Andnotoneofthese‘pleasedon’tkillme’smiles.Thenchoosethreefriendlyfacesintheaudience,peopleyouwouldcommunicatewithandmakemusicto,andmakeeyecontactwiththem.”Shedoesn’twantperformerstothinkoftheaudienceasajudge.
Extremedemandsbymentorsorparentsareoftenattherootofstagefright，saysDorothyDelay,awell-knownviolinteacher.Shetellsotherteacherstodemandonlywhattheirstudentsareabletoachieve.
WhenLynnHarrellwas20，hebecametheprincipalcellistoftheCleverlandOrchestra,andhesufferedextremestagefright.“ThereweretimeswhenIgotsonervousIwassuretheaudiencecouldseemychestrespondingtothethrobbing.Itwasjusttotalpanic.IcametoapointwhereIthought,‘IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”5 Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible，andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.6
Itisnotonlyyoungartistswhosuffer,ofcourse.ThelegendarypianistVladimirHorowitz’snerveswerefamous.ThegreattenorFrancoCorelliisanotherexample.“Theyhadtopushhimonstage,”SopranoRenataScottorecalled.
Actually，successcanmakethingsworse.“Inthebeginningofyourcareer,whenyou’rescaredtodeath,nobodyknowswhoyouare,andtheydon’thaveanyexpectations,”SopranoJuneAndersonsaid.“There’slesstolose.Lateron,whenyou’reknown,peoplearecomingtoseeyou,andtheyhavecertainexpectations.Youhavealottolose.”
Andersonadded，“IneverstopbeingnervousuntilI’vesungmylastnote.”
词汇：
veteran/ ˈvetərən/ adj．经验丰富的
jittery/ ˈdʒɪtəri/ adj．紧张不安的
mentor/ ˈmenˌtɔ:
/ n．指导者
soprano/səˈprprɑ:
nəʊ / n．女高音；女高音歌手
cellist/ˈtʃelɪst/ n．大提琴演奏家
abdominal/æbˈdɑmənəl/ adj．腹部的
fallible/ ˈfæləbəl/ adj．易犯错误的
tenor/'tenə/ n．男高音
注释：
1．StageFright：
舞台恐惧
2．TheveterancellistMstislavRostropovichtrippedhimpurposelytocurehimofpre-performancepanic…资深大提琴家MstislavRostropovich故意把VladimirFeltsman绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症。
curesomebodyofsomething（illness,problem）：
医治好病（解决问题）
3．…itssymptoms：
icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind：
舞台恐惧的症状有手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。
4．Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout ：
老师和心理学家提出了方方面面的建议，一些基础知识，比如将演奏曲目烂熟于心……insideout：
ingreatdetail详细地，从里到外地
5．IcametoapointwhereIthought，“IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”我曾经一度认为，如果搞音乐就必须经过克服舞台恐惧这一关的话，这项工作不能做。
6．Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible,andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.不舞台恐惧意味着提高谦卑感，即认识到不管你多有才，你也会出错，一个有瑕疵的音乐会也绝对不是世界末日。
练习：
1．FallingdownonstagewasnotagoodwayforVladimirFeltsmantodealwithhisstagefright.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
2．Therearemanysignsofstagefright.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
3．Teachersandpsychologistscannothelppeoplewithextreme-stagefright.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
4．Toperformwellonstage,youneedtohavesomefeelingsofexcitement.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
5．Ifyouhavestagefright,it'shelpfultohavefriendlyaudience.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
6．Oftenpeoplehavestagefrightbecauseparentsorteachersexpecttoomuchofthem.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
7．Famousmusiciansneversufferfromstagefright.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
答案与题解：
1．B 本文第一段讲的是钢琴家VladimirFeltsman被MstislavRostropovich绊倒后，他的舞台恐惧被治愈了的故事。
2．A 第二段的最后一句点出舞台恐惧的诸多症状为手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。
3．B 本文的第三、四、五、六段都在讲老师和心理学家为舞台恐惧者提供全方位的建议。
4．A 依据第三段的倒数第二句：
someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.（表演中激情是自然甚至是必要的）
5．C 第四段提到克服舞台恐惧的方法之一是：
在观众中选择三位友好的面孔，与他们用眼光交流。
所以克服舞台恐惧要靠自己而不是指望所有的观众都友好。
6．A 第五段讲了舞台恐惧的根源在于指导者或父母对表演者要求太高。
extremedemands就是expecttoomuchofthem的意思。
7．B 第七段讲的是：
不只年轻艺术家有舞台恐惧症，钢琴家VladimirHorowitz和男高音FrancoCorelli亦不能幸免。
Never一词不恰当。
第十一篇 BillGates:
UnleashingYourCreativity
I’vealwaysbeenanoptimistandIsupposeitisrootedin1 mybeliefthatthepowerofcreativityandintelligencecanmaketheworldabetterplace.
ForaslongasIcanremember,I’velovedlearningnewthingsandsolvingproblems.SowhenIsatdownatacomputerforthefirsttimeinseventhgrade,Iwashooked.Itwasaclunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydoanythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.2Butitchangedmylife.
WhenmyfriendPaulAllenandIstartedMicrosoft30yearsago，wehadavisionof“acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome”,whichprobablysoundedalittletoooptimisticatatimewhenmostcomputerswerethesizeofrefrigerators.Butwebelievedthatpersonalcomputerswouldchangetheworld.Andtheyhave.
Andafter30years,I’mstillasinspiredbycomputersasIwasbackinseventhgrade.
Ibelievethatcomputersarethemostincredibletoolwecanusetofeedourcuriosityandinventiveness—tohelpussolveproblemsthateventhesmartestpeoplecouldn’tsolveontheirown.
Computershavetransformedhowwelearn，givingkidseverywhereawindowintoalloftheworld’sknowledge.They’rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaroundthethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.3
LikemyfriendWarrenBuffett,IfeelparticularlyluckytodosomethingeverydaythatIlovetodo.Hecallsit“tap-dancingtowork”4.MyjobatMicrosoftisaschallengingasever,butwhatmakesme“tap-dancingtowork”iswhenweshowpeoplesomethingnew,likeacomputerthatcanrecognizeyourhandwritingoryourspeech,oronethatcanstorealifetime’sworthofphotos,andtheysay,“Ididn’tknowyoucoulddothatwithaPC5!
”
ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC，therearelotsofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimproveourworld6.Therearestillfartoomanypeopleintheworldwhosemostbasicneedsgounmet7.Everyyear,forexample,millionsofpeoplediefromdiseasesthatareeasytopreventortreatinthedevelopedworld.
Ibelievethatmyowngoodfortunebringswithitaresponsibilitytogivebacktotheworld.Mywife,Melinda,andIhavecommittedto8 improvinghealthandeducationinawaythatcanhelpasmanypeopleaspossible.
Asafather,IbelievethatthedeathofachildinAfricaisnolesspoignantortragicthan9 thedeathofachildanywhereelse,andthatitdoesn’ttakemuchtomakeanimmensedifferenceinthesechildren’slives10.
I’mstillverymuchanoptimist,andIbelievethatprogressoneventheworld’stoughestproblemsispossible—andit’shappeningeveryday.We’reseeingnewdrugsfordeadlydiseases,newdiagnostictools，andnewattentionpaidtothehealthproblemsinthedevelopingworld.
I’mexcitedbythepossibilitiesIseeformedicine,foreducationand,ofcourse,fortechnology.AndIbelievethatthroughournaturalinventiveness,creativityandwillingnesstosolvetoughproblems,we'regoingtomakesomeamazingachievementsinalltheseareasinmylifetime.
词汇：
unleash/ʌnˈli:
ʃ /vt．解开；放纵；使自由
inspire/ɪnˈspaɪə（r） /vt．鼓舞
optimist/'Dptɪmɪst/n．乐观主义者
incredible/ɪn'kredəbl/adj．难以置信的
clunky（clonky）/'klʌnkɪ/adj．发出沉闷金属声的
curiosity/ˌkjuərɪ'Dsɪtɪ/n．好奇心
inventivenessn.发明创造的能力
teletype/'telɪtaɪp/（teletype-writer）n.电传打字机
poignant/ˈpɔɪnjənt /adj．令人悲痛的，可怜的
tragic/'traed3ɪk/adj．悲剧的，悲惨的
vision/'vɪ3n/n．想象；幻想；美景
immense/I'mens/adj．巨大的
注释：
1．berootedin：
扎根于；深深地存在于
2．Itwasaclunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydoanythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.那是一台笨重的旧式电传打字机，跟我们今天的电脑相比几乎干不了什么事。
本句中，barely意为almostnot；compareto在美国英语中也可以等同于comparewith（与……相比）。
3．They’rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaroundthethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.电脑帮助我们就我们所关心的事情建立一个交流的场所，并且与那些我们认为对我们有重要意义的人密切相处，不管他们身在何处。
careabout指不管喜欢或不喜欢的事情都很关心、介意、在乎、计较。
4．“tap-dancingtowork”：
“跳着踢踏舞工作”。
tap原意是“叩击、轻敲”；tapdance是“踢踏舞”。
这里实际意思是“（手指）轻轻敲击键盘的工作”。
5．PC（personalcomputer）：
个人计算机
6．ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC,therearelotsofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimproveourwo
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