吸烟论文smokingban.docx

吸烟论文smokingban.docx

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吸烟论文smokingban

SmokingBan&PersonalChoice

Reportoncollegestudent’ssmokinginChongqingUniversity

Class:

372

Groupmembers:

ZhaoYujie赵玉洁（20120480）

WuYuhe吴雨禾（20126548）

WangQiancheng王乾丞（20123164）

ZhanGuofeng詹国锋（20120415）

Supervisor:

Prof.ZhangHong张宏

Prof.Mila

June2,2013

Abstract

Chinabeingthethirdlargestsmokingcountryintheworldithasahighrateofsmokersatalllevelsofthesociety.TheresearchpaperinvestigatesthesmokingsituationamongChongqinguniversitystudentsofdifferentgradesandmajors,causesofsmoking,students'awarenessofsmokingharmtotheirhealth,effectsofsmokingonindividualstudentsandthesocietyingeneralaswellasstudents'smokinghabitsandopinionofsmokingbaninChina.Suggestionsareofferedasaresultofthestudy.

Keywords:

Smokingban,causesofsmoking,smokingeffects,smokinghazards,second-handsmoking

TABLEOFCONTENTS

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………..2

CHAPTERONE:

INTRODUCTION…………….……………………………....4

CHAPTERTWO:

METHODS……………………………………………………5

CHAPTERTHREE:

FINDINGS………………………………………………….6

3.1CausesofSmoking……….............................................................................6

3.1.1ConditionsWhichLeadStudentstoSmoking.......................................6

3.1.2CausesofSmoking…………………………………………................7

3.1.3Summary.................................................................................………...8

3.2Students'AwarenessofSmokingHazards…………………..........................9

3.2.1Results…………………………………………….……………….......9

3.2.2DataAnalysis………………………………………….........................10

3.2.3Summary………………………………………………………….…...11

3.3TheEffectsofSmoking………………………………………………….…..11

3.3.1TheEffectsofSmokingonIndividuals………………………............12

3.3.2EffectsofSecond-handsmoking…………………………………...…12

3.3.3TheEffectsofSmokingontheSociety.................................................13

3.3.4Summary................................................................................................14

3.4Students'SmokingHabitandSuggestions......…………................................14

3.4.1FrequencyofSmoking…………………..............................................14

3.4.2TimeWhenSmokersDevelopaSmokingHabit..................................15

3.4.3OpinionsonSmokingBan...................................................................15

3.4.4SummaryandSuggestions....................................................................16

CHAPTERFOUR:

CONCLUSIONANDOTHERSUGGESTIONS...................17

REFENCES……………………………………………………………………..…..18

APPENDIX1……………………………………………………….…………….....19

APPENDIX2…………………………………………………………….……..........21ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................22

ChapterOne:

Introduction

Chinaisthemostsmoke-filledcountryintheworld,thelargestconsumerandproduceroftobacco.Its350millionsmokersaccountforathirdoftheworld'stotal.Thecountryproduces42percentofallcigarettesontheplanet.[]Chinesesmokerssmokeanaverageof15.8cigarettesaday,whichworksoutmorethantwotrillioncigarettesayear.Smokingkills1.2millionChineseayear.[]

AsforChongqing,thesmokingrateishighinthecity-almosthalfofthemaleand4percentofthefemalesmoke,[3]withthenumberofsmokingmalesishigherthanfemales.[4]WhatismoreimportanttheageofsmokersinChinaoflategetsyoungerandyoungerwhichworriestheChinesesociety,itsparentsandteachers.Asitturnedout,aquarterofallChongqinguniversitystudentssmoke.Thus,asasub-topicofinvestigationwe'vechosenthesmokingsituationamongtheChongqinguniversitystudents.Thepurposeofthisresearchistostudystudents’reasonsofsmokinginthefirstplace（section3.1）,studentsawarenessofsmoking（section3.2）effectsonindividualstudentsandthesocietyingeneral,includingasecond-handsmoking（section3.3）,students'smokinghabits（section3.4）providingreasonablesuggestionsinconclusionofinvestigation.OurhypothesisisthatthoughthemajorityofChongqinguniversitystudents（bothsmokersandnon-smokers）areawareofharmsmokecausestohumanhealth,theystillsmoke,theirreasonsvaryfromtheinfluenceoftheirfamiliesandfriends,stress,socialpressureandsoon.Owingtotimelimit,aQuestionnairesurveyof200studentsinChongqingUniversity,China,isemployedwiththefollow-upinterviews.ThenoveltyofthestudyisbeyondquestioningasnoresearchonsmokingsituationamongstudentsofdifferentgradesandmajorswasdoneinChongqingUniversitybefore.

ChapterTwo:

Methods

AQuestionnaireSurveyaboutsmokingbanandpersonalchoiceofabout200ChongqingUniversitystudentswascarriedout,whichcoversthefollowingaspects:

causesofsmoking,students'awarenessofsmokingharm,theeffectsofsmokingonindividualstudentsandthesociety,students'smokinghabit,theiropinionofsmokingBaninChinaandsuggestionshowtosolvetheproblem.188validQuestionnaireswerecollectedfromtherespondentsincluding45girlsand143boysofdifferentgradesandmajors.ThoughaQuantitativeResearchMethodismainlyemployed,fourfollow-upinterviewsofstudentsofdifferentmajorsabouthowsmokinghabitaffectssmokersandpeoplearoundthemwereconductedtoconfirmtheworkinghypothesis.

ChapterThree:

Findings

ThischapteroftheresearchreportpresentsthefindingsandresultsoftheinvestigationofthesituationamongstudentsofChongqingUniversity,China.Itconsistsoffoursectionsaccordingtothemainandspecificresearchproblemsinvestigated,i.e.causesofstudents'smoking（3.1）,theirawarenessofsmokingharmtostudents'health（3.2）,theeffectofsmokingonindividualstudentsandthesocietyingeneral（3.3）aswellasstudents'smokinghabitandstudents'opinionofsmokingbaninChina（3.4）.Reasonablesuggestionsareofferedasaresultofthestudy.

3.1CausesofSmoking（ByWuYuhe吴雨禾，20126548）

ThissectionoftheresearchprojectdiscussesnotonlythemaincausesofsmokingamongstudentsofdifferentgradesandmajorsinChongqinguniversitybutalsoconditionsthatleadthemtosmoking.AsaresultoftheQuestionnaireSurveyof200studentsandthefollow-upinterviewthevaliddatawasobtainedandanalyzedasfollows.

3.1.1ConditionsWhichLeadStudentstoSmoking

Two-thirds（81%）ofthestudentsmokersinChongqingUniversitypickedupacigaretteforthefirsttimebecauseoftheirfriendsandparents.We'vefoundoutthattherearemanysmokersintheirfamiliesandnetwork.Theremainingonethird（18%）diditeithertocontroltheirfeelingsorbecauseofloneliness.Thenumberofsmokersintheirfamiliesissmaller.（SeeChart1below）

_____________________________________________________________________

Chart1ConditionsWhichLeadStudentstoSmoking

Withclassmatesandfriends

Withfamilies

Whenlonesome

Other

Total

Quantity

25

11

8

1

45

Proportion

56%

24%

18%

2%

100%

Thoughthepatternisobviousitisnecessarytoconsiderothermaincausesofstudents'smokingdescribedinsub-section3.2.1togetthewholepictureofthesituationinChongqingUniversity.

3.1.2CausesofSmoking

Whydocollegestudentssmokeonaregularbasis?

WehavelistedmostprobableanswersinourQuestionnaireandreceivedthefollowingresults.

Forexample,themajority（15%）ofCQUstudentsstartedsmokingbecausetheywerecuriousaboutsmokingbehaviororaffectedbytheirparentsand/orfriends（9%）.Meanwhile,5%thinkthatsmokingwillhelpthemtoacquire“goodmanners”andgetalongwithotherpeoplebetter.11%ofstudentsbelievethatsmokingcanreducetheirstress,anxiety,tiredness（9%）andevensorrow.Others10%ofthemthinksmokinghelpsthemkillandtime,getrelaxedinspired.（SeeChart2above）

Generallyspeaking,accordingtothefeedbackinformationfromChongqinguniversitystudents,maincausesofsmokingcanbedividedintothreeparts.First,youngpeopleblindlyimitatepeoplearoundthem.Second,smokersarepeoplewhowanttoexpandtheirnetworkor/andacquire“goodmanners”.Third,peoplewanttogetpsychologicalcomfortfromcigarettesandcontroltheiremotions,suchassadness,uneasiness,anxietyandsoon.Therootcauseamongthesethreemainreasonsofsmokingistheenvironment.YoungpeopleingeneralandstudentsofChongqinguniversityareeasilyaffectedbytheenvironmentaroundthemwhichdetermineswhetherapersondevelopsahabitofsmokingornot.Manysmokers’parentsgetadivorceortheirrelationshipisunfavorableforthefamily.Certainly,parentsshouldsetagoodexamplefortheirchildren.Similarly,friendsshouldhavepositiveinfluencewhichunfortunatelyisnotalwaysthecase.

Onceinawhile,acigarettegivesyoutheopportunitytomakefriendsandhelpscreateatopicoftheconversation.Unfortunately,itisstillanimportanttoolinourinterpersonalcommunication.Butweshouldalwaysrememberthat1,2millionofsmokersdieeveryyearinChinaoflungcancerandtheothersmoking-relateddiseases.Ifyousmokeinpublicplaces,thesecond-handsmokingaffectsnon-smokersasmuchassmokers,andthesocietywilldisapproveofyourselfishbehavior.Obviously,itisnotgoodforyourimageandinterpersonalrelations.

Maybesomepeoplewhosupportsmokingwilltellusthatacigarettecanletyoufeelrelaxedandreducethelevelofanxiety,pressure,lonelinessandevenpain.Butit’snotso.Withitsmorethan4000chemicalcompoundsacigaretteproducesafalseimpressionthatyoucalmdownaftersmoking.Infact,duringsmokingbloodpressureris