比尔盖茨主题演讲微软发展英文版.docx

比尔盖茨主题演讲微软发展英文版.docx

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比尔盖茨主题演讲微软发展英文版

BillGatesKeynote:

MicrosoftTech•Ed2008–Developers

RemarksbyBillGates,Chairman,Microsoft

MicrosoftTech•Ed2008

Orlando,Fla.

June3,2008

BILLGATES:

GoodmorningandwelcometoTech•Ed.

ThisisthefirstyearthatwebrokeTech•Edintotwosections,thesectionthisweek,whichisjustfordevelopers,andasectionnextweek,whichisfocusedonIT.

Whenwedidthat,wethoughtwe'dgetabout4,000developerstotheconference,andsowe'vebeenverypleasedthatthere'sover6,000peoplesignedupandattendingtheeventsthisweek.So,ahugeresponse,alotofexcitingnewthingsthatyou'regoingtogetachancetosee.

IreallyenjoycomingtothisconferencebecauseI'madeveloper.Writingcodeinnewandbetterwaysisreallywhatdrivestheprogressofourindustry:

theabilitytodevelopnewuserinterfaces,theabilitytoconnectuptoallthesitesoutthereontheWeb,theabilitytoletpeopleviewdatainthewaytheywanttoviewit.

Anddevelopmentreallyischanging.Thetoolsaregettingbetterallthetime.

Today,we'regoingtotakeaglimpseatthevariousaspectsofthat,andseewhatwe'redoing,but,ofcourse,thecenterofthisconferenceisyouropportunitytogotothebreakoutsandgiveusfeedbackandtelluswhatyoulikeaboutwhatwe'redoing,telluswhatyou'dliketoseeusdodifferently.Wereallyvaluethegreatinteractionthattakesplaceatthisevent.

Well,formethiseventisalsoamilestone.It'smylastpublicspeechasafull-timechairmanofMicrosoft.July1iswhenImakeachange.I'llgofrombeingfull-timeatMicrosoftandpart-timeontheworkofmyfoundationtodoingittheotherwayaround,full-timeonthefoundationandpart-timewithmyMicrosoftwork.

Now,that'sthefirsttimeI'vereallychangedmycareersinceIwas17yearsoldandjustcompletelyimmersedinsoftwareandtheunbelievablewaysthatsoftware,togetherwiththemicroprocessor,hascreatednewthings,includingthepersonalcomputeritselfandtheentireInternet.

So,Idon'tknowwhatit'sgoingtobelike.Itwillbeabitabrupt,andputmeinnewterritory.So,somefriendscalledmeupandsaidthattohelpmegetinthemindsetofwhatitwouldbelikethey'dhelpmeputtogetheravideoofmylastdayandmakingthisswitch.Whatwedidhereiswepulledtogethersortofadirector'scutofthislastdayvideowithafairnumberofnewthingsandsomeinterestingthings.So,itshouldbefun.Let'stakealookatwhatmylastdaymightbelike.

（Videosegment.）

Well,wehadalotoffunmakingthat,andthewholetransitionthatwasannouncedtwoyearsagoisgoingverywell,andtherearesomeincrediblepeople,anumberofwhomwillbeonstagewithmetoday,aresteppinguptodrivethetechnologywork.

ChangesinTechnology:

HardwareandSoftwareAdvances

Now,thisworkismoreambitiouseveryyear.Developerscanwriteapplicationsthatwerenotpossiblebefore.What'sthereasonforthis?

Well,there'sreallytwokeythings,oneistheadvanceinhardware,andthesecondistheadvanceinthesoftwareplatform.Andwecan'tunderestimatetheimportantrolethathardwareimprovementplayshere.Afterall,wecanaddexponentialimprovementintheperformanceofthemicroprocessoritself.Theincreasingclockspeedhasallowedittodoapplicationsthatsimplywouldn'thavebeenpossibleinthepast.Theunbelievableamountsofstoragewehavetoday,meaningthatdatabasesthatrecordeveryclickformillionsofcustomers,andgetdataminedfordeeppatterns,thosearenowfeasibleonfairlylow-costsystems.Andsotheskyisthelimitintermsofempoweringpeople,andwritingveryrichapplications.

Themicroprocessorhasgonethroughalotofchanges.Wewentfromthe16-bitprocessorwithamegofmemorytothe286thatgaveusa24-bitmemoryspace,thentothe386witha32-bitmemoryspace,andnowwe'reinthetransitionto64-bit.Andthat'squitesoonbecausethatcompatibility,theabilitytoruntheexistingapplicationsisfairlystraightforward,atthedriverlevelweneedafewchanges,butthiswillbeprobablythesimplestaddressspacetransitionwe'vemade.

Loomingafterthat,though,isanevenmoreinterestingchallenge,whichistheclockspeedwillnotincreaseatthesamerateithasoverthelast30years.Itwilllargelystaythesame,andtheadditionalperformancewillcomefromhavingmultipleexecutionunits.Andsotheneedtotakeprogramsandbreakthemdownintoparallelexecutionunitsnowbecomesabsolutelynecessarytogetthebenefitoftheexponentialincreaseintransistors.WehaveanincredibleamountofworkatMicrosofttomaketheruntimeshigherlevel,andtomakeiteasytotakeyourcodeandwriteitinthisparallelfashion.Therewillbealotofdiscussionaboutthisso-called"multi-core"revolutioninhowwemakesurewe'realldoingthebesttotakeadvantageofthat.

Beyondthemicroprocessor,wehavetheubiquityofbroadband,boththroughwireless,andwiredconnections,sothatevensendinghighdefinitionvideoisbecomingvery,veryreasonable.Wehavethecloudservices.Historicallywhenwethoughtofthesubroutinecall,itwasalwaysonthesamemachine.ButnowwiththepervasivenessoftheInternet,andstandardsliketheWS*standards,andruntimes,wealsolikeWindowsCommunicationsFramework,theabilitytocalloutthelogiconanothersystemthatmightbeanywhereontheInternetisjustlikethesubroutinecallofold.Andsoleveragingservices,leveragingcodethatotherpeoplehavedonebecomesverystraightforward.Callinginto,say,VirtualEarth,wherewe'vegotallthemaps,youcanjusthavethatbeapartofyourprogram,anditlooksjustlikecallingsomeworkthatyoudid.Sothewholestyleofprogrammingtheabilitytodopowerfulthingswithlesslinesofcodeisimprovingquitesubstantially.

NowoneofthebigchangescomingthatIthinkismostunderestimatedisthechangeininteraction.Throughoutalltheseimprovements,thewayweinteractwiththecomputerhashardlychanged.Wehadthegraphicsrevolutionthattookusfromthekeyboardtothekeyboardandthemouse,andittookthescreenfromcharactermodetographicsmode.Butstillit'sthatonepersonsittingthere,primarilyusingthekeyboard,andthepointingdevicetointeractwiththeapplication.

There'sanumberoftechnologiesthatourresearchgroupandothershavebeenworkingonforthesedecadesthatarenowmovingintothemainstream.It'sacombinationofsoftwareadvances,andhardwarepowerthatallowustobringnewinteractiontechniquestoamainstreamworld.Wecollectivelyrefertotheseasnaturaluserinterface,butit'sseveraldifferentthings.It'stheideaoftouchpanel,andwegaveaglimpsejustlastweekofsomeofWindows7,andthethingwechosetohighlighttherewasthistouchsupport,andhowwebuiltthatinandmadethateasyfordevelopers,andhowenduserswilllikethat.

We'vealsogotthepencapabilitythatwe'retakingtoawholenewlevelintermsofeasyrecognition,andhowthatisimplementedinthehardware.Ithinkofeverystudenthavingadevicethatavoidstheneedforpapertextbooks.Thetabletdevicewillletthemtakenotes,recordaudio,connecttotheInternet.Itwillbesuperiorineveryway,andyetitcan'tbepurelykeyboardbased.Ithastohavethistouchandpenaswell.

Wealsohavethespeechrecognition.Onthephonetoday,ifyoucallupinformation,thatisapieceofsoftwarefromaMicrosoftgroupcalledTellMethat'stakingthoseinformationcalls,andwe'rebuildingupthedatabase,thespeechmodel,ofpeopleingeneral,andpeoplespecificallytoallowthatspeechinteractiontobeveryrich.Andassowelookoutoverthenextdecade,thewayyouinteractwiththatcellphone,speechwillbeamajorpartofit.

Thefinalnaturalinterfacepiece,onethatIthinkisperhapsthemostimportantofall,isvision.Acameraisveryinexpensive,andputtingsoftwarebehinditthatcantellwhatit'sseeingallowsyoutohavegestures,andmovements,thingsthatwillbeusedinavarietyofsettings.WeputoutourMicrosoftSurfaceproductthatactuallyusesacameratoprojectupontoatablesurface,andthereyoucanpointwithyourhands,orputobjectsonthetable,andthesoftwareseesthem.It'sbeingusedinretailstores,andasthatpricecomesdown,thatwouldbeineveryoffice,itwillbeineveryhome.Yourdeskwon'tjusthaveacomputeronit,itwillhaveacomputerinit.Andyourwhiteboardwillbeintelligent.Youcanwalkup,takeinformation,expandit,pointtosomebody'sname,startateleconferencewiththem,sitthereandexchangeinformation.Andsonaturalinterfacereallyhasaprettydramaticimpactonmakingthesetoolsofempowerment,thepersonalcomputer,makingthempervasive,andlookingattheminnewways.

Andsoit'sveryexcitingthatthisdecadeiswhenthosethingsgofrombeingreallynichetypethings,toverymuchmainstream.AndsobuildingthesethingsintotheWindowsplatform,bothonthephone,andonthePC,andhavinggreattoolsforthosewillletyoubuildthesenewkindsofapplications.

Ifyoulookatapplications,IreallyenvypeoplewhoarestartingtodayversustheearlyyearsofMicrosoft.Inthoseearlydays,youhadtofliptheswitches,andtherewasnosymbolicdebugging,noperformanceanalysis.Thingshavecomealongway.Thevarietyoflanguagesthatyoucanchoosefrom,VisualBasic,whichreallyevolvedoutoftheveryfirstMicrosoftproduct,C#,F#,alltheselanguagesconnectinginandsharingwhereappropriateinboththedevelopmentandruntimeenvironments.Thereisnewconceptslikethefunctionalprogrammingthatwillcomealongandperhapsbemoreinterestinginthisparallelenvironmentthatyoucanmix